<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
container	O
file	O
format	O
used	O
to	O
deliver	O
digital	O
video	O
content	O
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
TV	O
shows	O
,	O
movies	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
over	O
the	O
Internet	O
using	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
version	O
6	O
and	O
newer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
content	O
may	O
also	O
be	O
embedded	O
within	O
SWF	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
two	O
different	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
file	O
formats	O
:	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
and	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
audio	O
and	O
video	O
data	O
within	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
files	I-Operating_System
are	O
encoded	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
as	O
SWF	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
file	O
format	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
ISO	O
base	O
media	O
file	O
format	O
,	O
starting	O
with	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
9	I-Operating_System
update	O
3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
formats	O
are	O
supported	O
in	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
and	O
developed	O
by	O
Adobe	O
Systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FLV	B-Operating_System
was	O
originally	O
developed	O
by	O
Macromedia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
early	O
2000s	O
,	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
was	O
the	O
de	O
facto	O
standard	O
for	O
web-based	O
streaming	O
video	O
(	O
over	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
include	O
Hulu	B-Application
,	O
VEVO	O
,	O
Yahoo	O
!	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
FLV	B-Operating_System
files	I-Operating_System
usually	O
contain	O
material	O
encoded	O
with	O
codecs	B-General_Concept
following	O
the	O
Sorenson	O
Spark	O
or	O
VP6	B-Algorithm
video	B-Algorithm
compression	I-Algorithm
formats	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
public	O
releases	O
of	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
(	O
collaboration	O
between	O
Adobe	O
Systems	O
and	O
MainConcept	B-Algorithm
)	O
also	O
support	O
H.264	B-Application
video	O
and	O
HE-AAC	O
audio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
is	O
viewable	O
on	O
most	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
via	O
the	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
and	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
plugin	B-Application
or	O
one	O
of	O
several	O
third-party	O
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
's	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
devices	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
almost	O
all	O
other	O
mobile	O
devices	O
,	O
do	O
not	O
support	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
plugin	B-Application
and	O
so	O
require	O
other	O
delivery	O
methods	O
such	O
as	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2002	O
release	O
of	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
6	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
video	O
in	O
the	O
SWF	O
file	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2003	O
release	O
of	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
7	O
added	O
direct	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
file	I-Operating_System
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
of	O
restrictions	O
in	O
the	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
file	I-Operating_System
format	O
,	O
Adobe	O
Systems	O
created	O
new	O
file	O
formats	O
in	O
2007	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
ISO	O
base	O
media	O
file	O
format	O
(	O
MPEG-4	O
Part	O
12	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
way	O
,	O
the	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
format	O
shares	O
a	O
common	O
base	O
with	O
the	O
MP4	O
format	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
why	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
is	O
sometimes	O
informally	O
called	O
"	O
Flash	O
MP4	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
does	O
not	O
check	O
the	O
filename	O
extension	O
but	O
instead	O
examines	O
the	O
file	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
format	O
of	O
the	O
thing	O
created	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
new	O
file	O
formats	O
are	O
very	O
different	O
from	O
the	O
older	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
file	I-Operating_System
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
does	O
not	O
support	O
Screen	O
video	O
,	O
Sorenson	O
Spark	O
,	O
VP6	B-Algorithm
video	B-Algorithm
compression	I-Algorithm
formats	I-Algorithm
and	O
ADPCM	B-Algorithm
,	O
or	O
Nellymoser	B-Algorithm
audio	O
compression	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Authors	O
of	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
strongly	O
encourage	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
standard	O
file	O
format	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
(	O
ISO	O
base	O
media	O
file	O
format	O
)	O
because	O
it	O
overcomes	O
functional	O
limits	O
with	O
the	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
structure	O
when	O
streaming	O
H.264	B-Application
or	O
AAC	B-Application
,	O
which	O
is	O
one	O
reason	O
Adobe	O
Systems	O
is	O
moving	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
older	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
file	I-Operating_System
structure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2002	O
,	O
the	O
initial	O
format	O
is	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
and	O
the	O
file	O
suffix	O
is	O
.flv	B-Operating_System
with	O
a	O
MIME	O
derived	O
Internet	B-Application
media	I-Application
type	I-Application
of	O
video/x	O
-flv	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Adobe-branded	O
file	O
suffix	O
.f4v	O
was	O
extended	O
from	O
2007	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
ISO	O
base	O
media	O
file	O
format	O
using	O
the	O
same	O
MIME	O
derived	O
Internet	B-Application
media	I-Application
type	I-Application
of	O
video/mp4	O
as	O
the	O
Apple	O
file	O
suffix	O
of	O
.m4v	O
and	O
the	O
general	O
file	O
suffix	O
of	O
.mp4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adobe-branded	O
file	O
suffixes	O
exist	O
for	O
.f4p	O
which	O
relates	O
to	O
media	O
encrypted	O
with	O
their	O
Adobe	O
Access	O
DRM	O
scheme	O
;	O
.f4a	O
and	O
.f4b	O
relate	O
respectively	O
to	O
.m4a	O
and	O
.m4b	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
MIME	O
derived	O
Internet	B-Application
media	I-Application
type	I-Application
of	O
audio/mp4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SWF	O
files	O
published	O
for	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
6	O
and	O
later	O
versions	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
exchange	O
audio	O
,	O
video	O
,	O
and	O
data	O
over	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
connections	O
with	O
the	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
way	O
to	O
feed	O
data	O
to	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
is	O
from	O
files	O
in	O
the	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
file	I-Operating_System
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
can	O
play	O
SWF	O
files	O
created	O
for	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
7	O
and	O
later	O
versions	O
in	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
format	O
directly	O
(	O
MIME	B-Application
type	I-Application
video/x	O
-flv	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
can	O
also	O
play	O
the	O
new	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
file	O
format	O
,	O
beginning	O
with	O
SWF	O
files	O
created	O
for	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
9	I-Operating_System
Update	O
3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Use	O
of	O
the	O
H.264	B-Application
compression	O
format	O
in	O
the	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
file	I-Operating_System
format	O
has	O
some	O
limitations	O
so	O
authors	O
of	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
strongly	O
encourage	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
standard	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
file	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Commonly	O
,	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
FLV	B-Operating_System
files	I-Operating_System
contain	O
video	O
bit	O
streams	O
which	O
are	O
a	O
proprietary	O
variant	O
of	O
the	O
H.263	B-Algorithm
video	O
standard	O
,	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
Sorenson	O
Spark	O
(	O
FourCC	B-Application
FLV1	B-Operating_System
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sorenson	O
Spark	O
is	O
an	O
older	O
codec	B-General_Concept
for	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
files	I-Operating_System
but	O
it	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
widely	O
available	O
and	O
compatible	O
one	O
,	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
video	B-Application
codec	I-Application
supported	O
in	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
required	O
video	B-Algorithm
compression	I-Algorithm
format	I-Algorithm
for	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
6	O
and	O
7	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
8	O
and	O
newer	O
revisions	O
also	O
support	O
the	O
playback	O
of	O
On2	B-Application
TrueMotion	B-Algorithm
VP6	I-Algorithm
video	O
bit	O
streams	O
(	O
FourCC	B-Application
VP6F	B-Algorithm
or	O
FLV4	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On2	B-Application
VP6	B-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
preferred	O
video	B-Algorithm
compression	I-Algorithm
format	I-Algorithm
for	O
use	O
with	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
8	O
and	O
higher	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On2	B-Application
VP6	B-Algorithm
can	O
provide	O
a	O
higher	O
visual	O
quality	O
than	O
Sorenson	O
Spark	O
,	O
especially	O
when	O
using	O
lower	O
bit	O
rates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
FLV	B-Operating_System
file	I-Operating_System
format	O
supports	O
two	O
versions	O
of	O
a	O
so-called	O
'	O
screenshare	O
 '	O
(	O
Screen	O
video	O
)	O
codec	B-General_Concept
which	O
is	O
an	O
encoding	O
format	O
designed	O
for	O
screencasts	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
these	O
formats	O
are	O
bitmap	O
tile	O
based	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
lossy	B-Algorithm
by	O
reducing	O
color	O
depths	O
and	O
are	O
compressed	O
using	O
zlib	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
second	O
version	O
is	O
only	O
playable	O
in	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
8	O
and	O
newer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Audio	O
in	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
files	O
is	O
usually	O
encoded	O
as	O
MP3	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
audio	O
in	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
FLV	B-Operating_System
files	I-Operating_System
recorded	O
from	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
microphone	O
use	O
the	O
proprietary	O
Nellymoser	B-Algorithm
Asao	I-Algorithm
Codec	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
10	O
released	O
in	O
2008	O
also	O
supports	O
the	O
open	O
source	O
Speex	B-Application
codec	B-General_Concept
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
FLV	B-Operating_System
files	I-Operating_System
also	O
support	O
uncompressed	O
audio	O
or	O
ADPCM	B-Algorithm
format	O
audio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Recent	O
versions	O
of	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
9	I-Operating_System
support	O
AAC	B-Application
(	O
HE-AAC/AAC	O
SBR	B-Algorithm
,	O
AAC	B-Application
Main	O
Profile	O
,	O
and	O
AAC-LC	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
encoding	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
files	O
is	O
provided	O
by	O
an	O
encoding	O
tool	O
included	O
with	O
Adobe	O
's	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Professional	I-Operating_System
and	O
Creative	O
Suite	O
products	O
,	O
On2	B-Application
's	O
Flix	O
encoding	O
tools	O
,	O
Sorenson	O
Squeeze	O
,	O
FFmpeg	B-Library
and	O
other	O
third-party	O
tools	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Supported	O
media	B-Application
types	I-Application
in	O
both	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
and	O
ISO	O
base	O
media	O
file	O
formats	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Supported	O
media	B-Application
types	I-Application
in	O
just	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
file	O
format	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Animated	O
video	O
are	O
the	O
zlib	B-Language
based	O
Screen	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
(	O
native	O
to	O
SWF	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
General	O
audio	O
are	O
PCM	O
and	O
ADPCM	B-Algorithm
(	O
native	O
to	O
SWF	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Timed	O
text	O
requires	O
ActionScript	B-Operating_System
specific	O
commands	O
for	O
loading	O
captioning	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
only	O
supported	O
by	O
external	O
text	O
files	O
in	O
either	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
or	O
W3C	O
XML	B-Protocol
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Supported	O
media	B-Application
types	I-Application
in	O
just	O
the	O
ISO	O
base	O
media	O
file	O
format	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Animated	O
video	O
are	O
QuickTime	B-Application
types	O
for	O
GIF	O
,	O
PNG	O
and	O
JPEG	O
,	O
which	O
replace	O
the	O
Screen	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
encodings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Timed	O
text	O
requires	O
ActionScript	B-Operating_System
specific	O
commands	O
for	O
loading	O
captions	O
embedded	O
as	O
either	O
EIA-608	O
or	O
QuickTime	B-Application
mac	O
based	O
styled	O
text	O
with	O
the	O
3GPP	O
derived	O
version	O
that	O
supports	O
Unicode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
converter	O
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
video	B-Algorithm
conversion	I-Algorithm
software	O
that	O
is	O
used	O
for	O
turning	O
videos	O
from	O
different	O
formats	O
into	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Below	O
is	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
popular	O
free	O
video	B-Algorithm
converters	I-Algorithm
which	O
support	O
conversion	O
to	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
programs	O
run	O
under	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
HandBrake	B-Language
,	O
FFmpeg	B-Library
and	O
VLC	B-Application
also	O
run	O
under	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
and	O
Linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
FLV	B-Operating_System
files	I-Operating_System
start	O
with	O
a	O
standard	O
header	O
which	O
is	O
shown	O
below	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
header	O
,	O
the	O
file	O
is	O
split	O
into	O
packets	O
called	O
"	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
tags	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
have	O
15-byte	O
packet	O
headers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Packet	O
Type	O
byte	O
of	O
a	O
packet/tag	O
header	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
message	O
ID	O
byte	O
with	O
the	O
AMF	O
metadata	O
value	O
of	O
18	O
(	O
0x12	O
)	O
,	O
video	O
payload	O
value	O
of	O
9	O
(	O
0x09	O
)	O
and	O
audio	O
payload	O
value	O
of	O
8	O
(	O
0x08	O
)	O
being	O
the	O
only	O
valid	O
types	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
third	O
bit	O
indicates	O
the	O
payload	O
is	O
encrypted	O
using	O
the	O
same	O
mechanism	O
as	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
uses	O
,	O
however	O
this	O
is	O
rarely	O
used	O
due	O
to	O
encrypted	O
transports	O
such	O
as	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
being	O
used	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
packet	O
encryption	O
is	O
generally	O
inherited	O
from	O
a	O
MP4	O
file	O
that	O
is	O
stored	O
on	O
an	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Packet	O
types	O
enumerated	O
as	O
1	O
is	O
a	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
set	O
packet	O
size	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Packet	O
types	O
enumerated	O
from	O
3	O
are	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
bytes	O
read	O
report	O
,	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
ping	O
,	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
server	O
bandwidth	O
,	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
client	O
bandwidth	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Packet	O
types	O
enumerated	O
from	O
15	O
are	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
flex	O
stream	O
send	O
,	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
flex	O
shared	O
object	O
,	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
flex	O
message	O
,	O
AMF	O
metadata	O
,	O
shared	O
object	O
,	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
invoke	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Packet	O
type	O
enumerated	O
as	O
24	O
is	O
an	O
encapsulated	O
flash	B-Operating_System
video	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
a	O
direct	O
relation	O
between	O
the	O
fields	O
encountered	O
in	O
an	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
Tag	O
and	O
those	O
found	O
in	O
a	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
packet	O
,	O
as	O
for	O
example	O
the	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
Packet	O
Type	O
field	O
uses	O
the	O
same	O
numeric	O
values	O
as	O
the	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
Chunk	O
Type	O
field	O
(	O
ex	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FLV	B-Operating_System
tags	O
are	O
thus	O
converted	O
into	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
packets	O
when	O
the	O
file	O
is	O
streamed	O
through	O
a	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
or	O
equivalent	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
Server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
keyframes	O
"	O
–	O
an	O
array	O
with	O
the	O
positions	O
of	O
p-frames	B-Algorithm
,	O
needed	O
when	O
random	O
access	O
is	O
sought	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
streamed	O
using	O
an	O
Actionscript	B-Operating_System
built	O
player	O
,	O
the	O
metadata	O
values	O
above	O
are	O
passed	O
as	O
arguments	O
on	O
the	O
onMetaData	O
callback	O
function	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Id	O
Video	O
encoding	O
0	O
RGB	O
1	O
run-length	B-Algorithm
2	O
Sorenson	O
's	O
H.263	B-Algorithm
3	O
Screen	O
1	O
4	O
On2	B-Application
TrueMotion	B-Algorithm
VP6	I-Algorithm
5	O
VP6	B-Algorithm
with	O
alpha	O
6	O
Screen	O
2	O
7	O
MP4	O
H.264	B-Application
8	O
ITU	O
H.263	B-Algorithm
9	O
MPEG-4	B-Application
ASP	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
MPEG-4	O
encodings	O
such	O
as	O
H.264	B-Application
,	O
MPEG-4	B-Application
ASP	I-Application
and	O
AAC	B-Application
add	O
a	O
one	O
byte	O
value	O
with	O
a	O
NULL	O
value	O
indicating	O
that	O
the	O
payload	O
contains	O
MPEG-4	O
configuration	O
details	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Audio	O
encodings	O
enumerated	O
from	O
14	O
are	O
MPEG	B-Application
layer	I-Application
3	I-Application
8kHz	O
,	O
Device	O
specific	O
such	O
as	O
MIDI	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Encrypted	O
packets	O
have	O
an	O
additional	O
31	O
or	O
24	O
byte	O
header	O
before	O
the	O
AES-CBC	O
encrypted	O
payload	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
player	O
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
media	O
player	O
that	O
is	O
used	O
for	O
playing	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
video	I-Operating_System
from	O
PC	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
from	O
Internet	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
player	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
standalone	O
,	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
of	O
the	O
Adobe	O
Flash	O
authoring	O
or	O
developmental	O
tools	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
embedded	O
in	O
the	O
website	O
using	O
Flash	O
component	O
or	O
embeddable	O
version	O
of	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
player	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
multimedia	O
and	O
application	O
player	O
originally	O
developed	O
by	O
Macromedia	O
and	O
acquired	O
by	O
Adobe	O
Systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
plays	O
SWF	O
files	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
created	O
by	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
Professional	I-Operating_System
,	O
Apache	B-Operating_System
Flex	I-Operating_System
,	O
or	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
other	O
Adobe	O
Systems	O
and	O
3rd	O
party	O
tools	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
support	O
for	O
a	O
scripting	O
language	O
called	O
ActionScript	B-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
display	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
from	O
an	O
SWF	O
file	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
runs	O
as	O
a	O
browser	B-Application
plug-in	B-Application
,	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
embed	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
in	O
web	O
pages	O
and	O
view	O
the	O
video	O
within	O
a	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
supported	O
display	O
of	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
files	O
since	O
version	O
6	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
Sorenson	O
Spark	O
and	O
On	O
VP6	B-Algorithm
video	B-Application
codecs	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
was	O
recently	O
added	O
for	O
H.264	B-Application
video	O
content	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
9	I-Operating_System
Update	O
3	O
,	O
released	O
on	O
3	O
December	O
2007	O
,	O
also	O
includes	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
file	O
format	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
and	O
H.264	B-Application
video	O
standard	O
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
MPEG-4	B-Application
part	I-Application
10	I-Application
,	O
or	O
AVC	O
)	O
which	O
is	O
even	O
more	O
computationally	O
demanding	O
,	O
but	O
offers	O
significantly	O
better	O
quality/bitrate	O
ratio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specifically	O
,	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
now	O
supports	O
video	O
compressed	O
in	O
H.264	B-Application
(	O
MPEG-4	B-Application
Part	I-Application
10	I-Application
)	O
,	O
audio	O
compressed	O
using	O
AAC	B-Application
(	O
MPEG-4	O
Part	O
3	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
,	O
MP4	O
(	O
MPEG-4	O
Part	O
14	O
)	O
,	O
M4V	O
,	O
M4A	O
,	O
3GP	O
and	O
MOV	B-Application
multimedia	O
container	O
formats	O
,	O
3GPP	O
Timed	O
Text	O
specification	O
(	O
MPEG-4	O
Part	O
17	O
)	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
standardized	O
subtitle	O
format	O
and	O
partial	O
parsing	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
'	O
ilst	O
 '	O
atom	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
ID3	O
equivalent	O
iTunes	B-Operating_System
uses	O
to	O
store	O
metadata	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MPEG-4	B-Application
Part	I-Application
2	I-Application
video	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
an	O
interview	O
with	O
BBC	O
News	O
,	O
the	O
main	O
programmer	O
of	O
Flash	O
Jonathan	O
Gay	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
company	O
had	O
wanted	O
to	O
use	O
H.264	B-Application
when	O
video	O
support	O
was	O
originally	O
added	O
to	O
Flash	O
,	O
but	O
had	O
been	O
deterred	O
by	O
the	O
patent	O
licensing	O
fees	O
of	O
around	O
$5	O
million	O
(	O
£3.5	O
million	O
)	O
per	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
supports	O
two	O
distinct	O
modes	O
of	O
video	O
playback	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Software	O
Rendered	O
Video	O
:	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
supports	O
software	O
rendered	O
video	O
since	O
version	O
6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hardware	O
Accelerated	O
Video	O
:	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
supports	O
hardware	O
accelerated	O
video	O
playback	O
since	O
version	O
10.2	O
,	O
for	O
H.264	B-Application
,	O
F4V	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
video	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
video	O
is	O
displayed	O
above	O
all	O
Flash	O
content	O
,	O
and	O
takes	O
advantage	O
of	O
video	B-Application
codec	I-Application
chipsets	O
installed	O
on	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Developers	O
must	O
specifically	O
use	O
the	O
"	O
StageVideo	O
"	O
technology	O
within	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
in	O
order	O
for	O
hardware	O
decoding	O
to	O
be	O
enabled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
internally	O
uses	O
technologies	O
such	O
as	O
DirectX	B-General_Concept
Video	I-General_Concept
Acceleration	I-General_Concept
and	O
OpenGL	B-Application
to	O
do	O
so	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mac	O
OS	O
devices	O
can	O
play	O
flash	B-Operating_System
videos	I-Operating_System
in	O
QuickTime	B-Application
with	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
additional	O
software	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
open	O
source	O
Perian	B-Operating_System
component	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
iPhone	B-Device
and	O
Android	B-Application
devices	O
can	O
play	O
flash	B-Operating_System
videos	I-Operating_System
with	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
additional	O
software	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Skyfire	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
application	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	B-Operating_System
iOS	I-Operating_System
has	O
never	O
supported	O
Flash	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Android	B-Application
versions	I-Application
above	O
2.1	O
through	O
4.0	O
supported	O
Flash	O
;	O
Adobe	O
has	O
discontinued	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
for	O
Android	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
29	O
June	O
2012	O
,	O
Adobe	O
announced	O
that	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
were	O
discontinuing	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
mobile	O
version	O
of	O
Flash	O
,	O
they	O
would	O
prevent	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
player	I-Operating_System
from	O
installing	O
from	O
the	O
Google	O
Play	O
Store	O
on	O
any	O
Android	B-Application
devices	O
that	O
do	O
not	O
already	O
have	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
player	I-Operating_System
installed	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
they	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
releasing	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
Flash	O
certified	O
for	O
use	O
with	O
Android	B-Application
version	I-Application
4.1	O
,	O
codenamed	O
Jelly	B-Application
Bean	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
files	O
can	O
be	O
delivered	O
in	O
several	O
different	O
ways	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
standalone	O
.FLV	B-Operating_System
file	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
files	O
are	O
normally	O
delivered	O
using	O
a	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
player	I-Operating_System
for	O
control	O
,	O
the	O
.FLV	B-Operating_System
file	O
itself	O
is	O
only	O
playable	O
with	O
an	O
FLV	B-Operating_System
player	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Embedded	O
in	O
an	O
SWF	O
file	O
using	O
the	O
Flash	O
authoring	O
tool	O
(	O
supported	O
in	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
6	O
and	O
later	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Progressive	O
download	O
via	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
(	O
supported	O
in	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
7	O
and	O
later	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
method	O
uses	O
ActionScript	B-Operating_System
to	O
include	O
an	O
externally	O
hosted	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
file	O
client-side	O
for	O
playback	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Progressive	O
download	O
has	O
several	O
advantages	O
,	O
including	O
buffering	O
,	O
use	O
of	O
generic	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
servers	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
reuse	O
a	O
single	O
SWF	O
player	O
for	O
multiple	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
sources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
8	O
includes	O
support	O
for	O
random	O
access	O
within	O
video	O
files	O
using	O
the	O
partial	O
download	O
functionality	O
of	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
,	O
sometimes	O
this	O
is	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
streaming	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
unlike	O
streaming	O
using	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
,	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
"	O
streaming	O
"	O
does	O
not	O
support	O
real-time	O
broadcasting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Streaming	O
via	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
requires	O
a	O
custom	O
player	O
and	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
specific	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
metadata	O
containing	O
the	O
exact	O
starting	O
position	O
in	O
bytes	O
and	O
timecode	O
of	O
each	O
keyframe	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
this	O
specific	O
information	O
,	O
a	O
custom	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
player	O
can	O
request	O
any	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
file	O
starting	O
at	O
a	O
specified	O
keyframe	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Streamed	O
via	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
to	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Player	I-Operating_System
using	O
the	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
(	O
formerly	O
called	O
Flash	O
Communication	O
Server	O
)	O
,	O
free	O
C++	O
RTMP	B-Operating_System
Server	O
,	O
VCS	O
,	O
ElectroServer	O
,	O
Helix	O
Universal	O
Server	O
,	O
Wowza	B-Application
Media	I-Application
Server	I-Application
,	O
Unified	O
Streaming	O
Platform	O
WebORB	O
for	O
.NET	O
,	O
WebORB	O
for	O
Java	O
,	O
erlyvideo	O
(	O
in	O
erlang	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
open	O
source	O
Red5	B-Language
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
April	O
2008	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
stream	O
recorders	O
available	O
for	O
this	O
protocol	O
,	O
re-encoding	O
screencast	B-Protocol
software	I-Protocol
excluded	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flash	B-Operating_System
Media	I-Operating_System
Server	I-Operating_System
4.5	O
allows	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
video	I-Operating_System
streaming	O
to	O
iPhones	B-Device
and	O
iPads	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
achieves	O
this	O
by	O
delivering	O
the	O
content	O
in	O
an	O
MPEG-2	B-Algorithm
stream	O
using	O
the	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
Live	I-Protocol
Streaming	I-Protocol
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
record	O
online	O
flash	B-Operating_System
videos	I-Operating_System
using	O
stream	O
recorders	O
and	O
screen	B-Protocol
video	I-Protocol
capture	I-Protocol
software	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
