<s>
Fibre	B-Protocol
Channel	I-Protocol
over	I-Protocol
Ethernet	I-Protocol
(	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
)	O
is	O
a	O
computer	B-Architecture
network	I-Architecture
technology	O
that	O
encapsulates	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
frames	O
over	O
Ethernet	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allows	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
to	O
use	O
10	O
Gigabit	O
Ethernet	O
networks	O
(	O
or	O
higher	O
speeds	O
)	O
while	O
preserving	O
the	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FCoE	B-Protocol
transports	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
directly	O
over	O
Ethernet	O
while	O
being	O
independent	O
of	O
the	O
Ethernet	O
forwarding	O
scheme	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FCoE	B-Protocol
protocol	O
specification	O
replaces	O
the	O
FC0	O
and	O
FC1	O
layers	O
of	O
the	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
stack	O
with	O
Ethernet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
retaining	O
the	O
native	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
constructs	O
,	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
was	O
meant	O
to	O
integrate	O
with	O
existing	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
networks	O
and	O
management	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	O
centers	O
used	O
Ethernet	O
for	O
TCP/IP	O
networks	O
and	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
for	O
storage	O
area	O
networks	O
(	O
SANs	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
,	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
becomes	O
another	O
network	O
protocol	O
running	O
on	O
Ethernet	O
,	O
alongside	O
traditional	O
Internet	B-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
IP	O
)	O
traffic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FCoE	B-Protocol
operates	O
directly	O
above	O
Ethernet	O
in	O
the	O
network	O
protocol	O
stack	O
,	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
iSCSI	B-Protocol
which	O
runs	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
TCP	O
and	O
IP	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
consequence	O
,	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
is	O
not	O
routable	O
at	O
the	O
IP	O
layer	O
,	O
and	O
will	O
not	O
work	O
across	O
routed	O
IP	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
classical	O
Ethernet	O
had	O
no	O
priority-based	O
flow	O
control	O
,	O
unlike	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
,	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
required	O
enhancements	O
to	O
the	O
Ethernet	O
standard	O
to	O
support	O
a	O
priority-based	O
flow	O
control	O
mechanism	O
(	O
to	O
reduce	O
frame	O
loss	O
from	O
congestion	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
IEEE	O
standards	O
body	O
added	O
priorities	O
in	O
the	O
data	B-Protocol
center	I-Protocol
bridging	I-Protocol
(	O
dcb	O
)	O
Task	O
Group	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
required	O
three	O
primary	O
extensions	O
to	O
deliver	O
the	O
capabilities	O
of	O
Fibre	B-Protocol
Channel	I-Protocol
over	I-Protocol
Ethernet	I-Protocol
networks	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Encapsulation	O
of	O
native	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
frames	O
into	O
Ethernet	O
Frames	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mapping	O
between	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
N_port	O
IDs	O
(	O
aka	O
FCIDs	O
)	O
and	O
Ethernet	O
MAC	O
addresses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Computers	O
can	O
connect	O
to	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
with	O
converged	B-Protocol
network	I-Protocol
adapters	I-Protocol
(	O
CNAs	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
contain	O
both	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
host	B-Architecture
bus	I-Architecture
adapter	I-Architecture
(	O
HBA	O
)	O
and	O
Ethernet	O
network	B-Protocol
interface	I-Protocol
controller	I-Protocol
(	O
NIC	O
)	O
functionality	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
physical	O
card	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FCoE	B-Protocol
encapsulation	O
can	O
be	O
done	O
in	O
software	O
with	O
a	O
conventional	O
Ethernet	O
network	B-Protocol
interface	I-Protocol
card	I-Protocol
,	O
however	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
CNAs	O
offload	O
(	O
from	O
the	O
CPU	O
)	O
the	O
low	O
level	O
frame	O
processing	O
and	O
SCSI	O
protocol	O
functions	O
traditionally	O
performed	O
by	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
host	B-Architecture
bus	I-Architecture
adapters	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
application	O
of	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
is	O
in	O
data	O
center	O
storage	O
area	O
networks	O
(	O
SANs	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FCoE	B-Protocol
has	O
particular	O
application	O
in	O
data	O
centers	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
cabling	O
reduction	O
it	O
makes	O
possible	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
server	O
virtualization	O
applications	O
,	O
which	O
often	O
require	O
many	O
physical	O
I/O	O
connections	O
per	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
,	O
network	O
(	O
IP	O
)	O
and	O
storage	O
(	O
SAN	O
)	O
data	O
traffic	O
can	O
be	O
consolidated	O
using	O
a	O
single	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FCoE	B-Protocol
is	O
encapsulated	O
over	O
Ethernet	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
dedicated	O
Ethertype	B-Protocol
,	O
0x8906	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reserved	O
bits	O
are	O
present	O
to	O
guarantee	O
that	O
the	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
frame	O
meets	O
the	O
minimum	O
length	O
requirement	O
of	O
Ethernet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Inside	O
the	O
encapsulated	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
frame	O
,	O
the	O
frame	O
header	O
is	O
retained	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
allow	O
connecting	O
to	O
a	O
storage	O
network	O
by	O
passing	O
on	O
the	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
frame	O
directly	O
after	O
de-encapsulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
FIP	O
(	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
Initialization	O
Protocol	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
integral	O
part	O
of	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
main	O
goal	O
is	O
to	O
discover	O
and	O
initialize	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
capable	O
entities	O
connected	O
to	O
an	O
Ethernet	O
cloud	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FIP	O
uses	O
a	O
dedicated	O
Ethertype	B-Protocol
of	O
0x8914	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2007	O
,	O
the	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
standardization	O
activity	O
started	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2007	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
public	O
end-to-end	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
demo	O
occurred	O
at	O
Storage	O
Network	O
World	O
including	O
adapters	O
from	O
QLogic	O
,	O
switches	O
from	O
Nuova	O
Systems	O
,	O
and	O
storage	O
from	O
NetApp	O
(	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
companies	O
involved	O
made	O
any	O
product	O
announcements	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2009	O
,	O
the	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
technology	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
defined	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
International	O
Committee	O
for	O
Information	O
Technology	O
Standards	O
(	O
INCITS	O
)	O
T11	O
FC-BB-5	O
standard	O
was	O
forwarded	O
to	O
ANSI	O
for	O
publication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	O
center	O
switches	O
from	O
Force10	O
and	O
Dell	B-Operating_System
PowerConnect	I-Operating_System
supported	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
and	O
in	O
June	O
2013	O
,	O
Dell	B-Application
Networking	I-Application
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
new	O
brand-name	O
for	O
all	O
networking	O
portfolio	O
of	O
Dell	O
,	O
introduced	O
the	O
S5000	O
series	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
a	O
fully	O
native	O
FCoE	B-Protocol
switch	O
with	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
include	O
a	O
native	O
fibre	B-Architecture
channel	I-Architecture
module	O
,	O
allowing	O
you	O
to	O
connect	O
the	O
S5000	O
directly	O
to	O
an	O
FC	O
SAN	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
