<s>
fdisk	B-Application
is	O
a	O
command-line	B-Application
utility	B-Application
for	O
disk	B-Application
partitioning	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
been	O
part	O
of	O
DOS	B-Device
,	O
DR	B-Operating_System
FlexOS	I-Operating_System
,	O
IBM	B-Application
OS/2	I-Application
,	O
and	O
early	O
versions	O
of	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
certain	O
ports	O
of	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
NetBSD	B-Device
,	O
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
DragonFly	B-Application
BSD	I-Application
and	O
macOS	B-Application
for	O
compatibility	O
reasons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
2000	I-Application
and	O
its	O
successors	O
have	O
replaced	O
fdisk	B-Application
with	O
a	O
more	O
advanced	O
tool	O
called	O
diskpart	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
IBM	O
introduced	O
the	O
first	O
version	O
of	O
(	O
officially	O
dubbed	O
"	O
Fixed	B-Device
Disk	I-Device
Setup	O
Program	O
"	O
)	O
in	O
March	O
1983	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC/XT	I-Device
computer	O
(	O
the	O
first	O
PC	O
to	O
store	O
data	O
on	O
a	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
)	O
and	O
the	O
IBM	B-Operating_System
PC	I-Operating_System
DOS	I-Operating_System
2.0	O
operating	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
fdisk	B-Application
version	O
1.0	O
can	O
create	O
one	O
FAT12	B-Application
partition	B-Application
,	O
delete	O
it	O
,	O
change	O
the	O
active	B-Operating_System
partition	I-Operating_System
,	O
or	O
display	O
partition	B-Application
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
writes	O
the	O
master	B-Device
boot	I-Device
record	I-Device
,	O
which	O
supports	O
up	O
to	O
four	O
partitions	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
other	O
three	O
were	O
intended	O
for	O
other	O
operating	O
systems	O
such	O
as	O
CP/M	B-Operating_System
-86	I-Operating_System
and	O
Xenix	B-Application
,	O
which	O
were	O
expected	O
to	O
have	O
their	O
own	O
partitioning	B-Application
utilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
first	O
added	O
fdisk	B-Application
to	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
in	O
version	O
3.2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MS-DOS	B-Application
versions	O
2.0	O
through	O
3.10	O
included	O
OEM-specific	O
partitioning	B-Application
tools	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
named	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PC	B-Operating_System
DOS	I-Operating_System
3.0	O
,	O
released	O
in	O
August	O
1984	O
,	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
FAT16	B-Application
partitions	B-Application
to	O
handle	O
larger	O
hard	B-Device
disks	I-Device
more	O
efficiently	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PC	B-Operating_System
DOS	I-Operating_System
3.30	O
,	O
released	O
in	O
April	O
1987	O
,	O
30	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
extended	O
partitions	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
These	O
partitions	B-Application
do	O
not	O
store	O
data	O
directly	O
but	O
can	O
contain	O
up	O
to	O
23	O
logical	B-Application
drives	I-Application
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
both	O
cases	O
,	O
fdisk	B-Application
was	O
modified	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
FAT16	B-Application
and	O
extended	O
partitions	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
for	O
FAT16B	B-Application
was	O
first	O
added	O
to	O
Compaq	O
's	O
fdisk	B-Application
in	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
3.31	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FAT16B	B-Application
later	O
became	O
available	O
with	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
and	O
PC	B-Operating_System
DOS	I-Operating_System
4.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
undocumented	O
/mbr	O
switch	O
in	O
fdisk	B-Application
,	O
which	O
could	O
repair	O
the	O
master	B-Device
boot	I-Device
record	I-Device
,	O
soon	O
became	O
popular	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IBM	B-Operating_System
PC	I-Operating_System
DOS	I-Operating_System
7.10	O
shipped	O
with	O
the	O
new	O
utility	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
ROM-DOS	B-Operating_System
,	O
DR	B-Application
DOS	I-Application
6.0	O
FlexOS	B-Operating_System
,	O
PTS-DOS	B-Operating_System
2000	I-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
FreeDOS	B-Application
,	O
include	O
an	O
implementation	O
of	O
the	O
command	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
95	I-Application
,	O
Windows	B-Device
98	I-Device
,	O
and	O
Windows	B-Device
ME	I-Device
shipped	O
with	O
a	O
derivative	O
of	O
the	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Application
2000	I-Application
and	O
its	O
successors	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
came	O
with	O
the	O
more	O
advanced	O
diskpart	B-Application
and	O
the	O
graphical	B-Application
Disk	O
Management	O
utilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
95	I-Application
OSR2	O
,	O
fdisk	B-Application
supports	O
the	O
FAT32	B-Application
file	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
version	O
of	O
fdisk	B-Application
that	O
ships	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
95	I-Application
does	O
not	O
report	O
the	O
correct	O
size	O
of	O
a	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
that	O
is	O
larger	O
than	O
64	O
GB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
cannot	O
create	O
partitions	B-Application
larger	O
than	O
512	O
GB	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
FAT32	B-Application
supports	O
partitions	B-Application
as	O
big	O
as	O
2	O
TB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
limitation	O
applies	O
to	O
all	O
versions	O
of	O
supplied	O
with	O
Windows	B-Application
95	I-Application
OSR	O
2.1	O
,	O
Windows	B-Device
98	I-Device
and	O
Windows	B-Device
ME	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
version	O
4.0	O
,	O
OS/2	B-Application
shipped	O
with	O
two	O
partition	B-Application
table	O
managers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
were	O
the	O
text	B-Application
mode	I-Application
fdisk	B-Application
and	O
the	O
graphical	B-Application
fdiskpm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
two	O
have	O
identical	O
functionality	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
manipulate	O
both	O
FAT	O
partitions	B-Application
and	O
the	O
more	O
advanced	O
HPFS	B-Application
partitions	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
OS/2	B-Application
4.5	O
and	O
higher	O
(	O
including	O
eComStation	B-Device
and	O
ArcaOS	B-Device
)	O
can	O
use	O
the	O
JFS	B-Application
file	I-Application
system	I-Application
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
FAT	O
and	O
HPFS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
replaced	O
with	O
the	O
Logical	B-Application
Volume	I-Application
Manager	I-Application
(	O
LVM	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
for	O
Mach	B-Operating_System
Operating	I-Operating_System
System	I-Operating_System
was	O
written	O
by	O
Robert	O
Baron	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
ported	O
to	O
386BSD	B-Operating_System
by	O
Julian	O
Elischer	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
implementation	O
is	O
being	O
used	O
by	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
NetBSD	B-Device
and	O
DragonFly	B-Application
BSD	I-Application
,	O
all	O
as	O
of	O
2019	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
early	O
versions	O
of	O
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
between	O
1995	O
and	O
1997	O
before	O
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
2.2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tobias	O
Weingartner	O
re-wrote	O
in	O
1997	O
before	O
OpenBSD	B-Operating_System
2.2	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
subsequently	O
been	O
forked	O
by	O
Apple	O
Computer	O
,	O
Inc	O
in	O
2002	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
still	O
used	O
as	O
the	O
basis	O
for	O
on	O
macOS	B-Application
as	O
of	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
native	O
partitions	B-Application
,	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
systems	O
traditionally	O
use	O
BSD	B-Application
disklabel	I-Application
,	O
and	O
partitioning	B-Application
is	O
supported	O
only	O
on	O
certain	O
architectures	O
(	O
for	O
compatibility	O
reasons	O
)	O
and	O
only	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
BSD	B-Application
disklabel	I-Application
(	O
which	O
is	O
mandatory	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Linux	O
,	O
fdisk	B-Application
is	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
standard	O
package	O
distributed	O
by	O
the	O
Linux	O
Kernel	O
organization	O
,	O
util-linux	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
program	O
was	O
written	O
by	O
Andries	O
E	O
.	O
Brouwer	O
and	O
A	O
.	O
V	O
.	O
Le	O
Blanc	O
and	O
was	O
later	O
rewritten	O
by	O
Karel	O
Zak	O
and	O
Davidlohr	O
Bueso	O
when	O
they	O
forked	O
the	O
util-linux	B-Application
package	O
in	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
