<s>
A	O
fangame	B-Application
is	O
a	O
video	O
game	O
that	O
is	O
created	O
by	O
fans	O
of	O
a	O
certain	O
topic	O
or	O
IP	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
fangames	B-Application
attempt	O
to	O
clone	B-General_Concept
or	O
remake	B-General_Concept
the	O
original	O
game	O
's	O
design	O
,	O
gameplay	O
,	O
and	O
characters	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
equally	O
common	O
for	O
fans	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
unique	O
game	O
using	O
another	O
as	O
a	O
template	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
fangames	B-Application
has	O
always	O
varied	O
,	O
recent	O
advances	O
in	O
computer	O
technology	O
and	O
in	O
available	O
tools	O
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
through	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
software	I-Application
,	O
have	O
made	O
creating	O
high-quality	O
games	O
easier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fangames	B-Application
can	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
user-generated	O
content	O
,	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
retrogaming	O
phenomena	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
expression	O
of	O
the	O
remix	O
culture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fangames	B-Application
are	O
either	O
developed	O
as	O
standalone	O
games	O
with	O
their	O
own	O
engines	O
,	O
or	O
as	O
modifications	O
to	O
existing	O
games	O
that	O
"	O
piggyback	O
"	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
's	O
engines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fangames	B-Application
are	O
often	O
developed	O
using	O
pre-existing	O
tools	O
and	O
game	O
engines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Unity	B-Application
engine	I-Application
and	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
allow	O
fans	O
to	O
develop	O
standalone	O
games	O
,	O
as	O
with	O
other	O
programs	O
such	O
as	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
,	O
Construct	B-Operating_System
,	O
RPG	B-Application
Maker	I-Application
,	O
or	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
Clickteam	B-Application
products	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
The	B-Application
Games	I-Application
Factory	I-Application
and	O
Multimedia	B-Application
Fusion	I-Application
2	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fangame	B-Application
developers	O
often	O
select	O
and	O
use	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open	I-License
source	I-License
game	O
engines	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
OGRE	B-Language
,	O
Crystal	B-Language
Space	I-Language
,	O
DarkPlaces	O
,	O
and	O
Spring	B-Application
)	O
to	O
help	O
fans	O
create	O
games	O
without	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
licensing	O
a	O
commercial	O
alternative	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
also	O
possible	O
for	O
fans	O
to	O
develop	O
original	O
game	O
engines	O
from	O
scratch	O
using	O
a	O
programming	O
language	O
such	O
as	O
C++	B-Language
,	O
although	O
doing	O
so	O
takes	O
much	O
more	O
time	O
and	O
technical	O
ability	O
than	O
modifying	O
an	O
existing	O
game	O
;	O
an	O
example	O
is	O
the	O
Spring	B-Application
Engine	I-Application
which	O
started	O
as	O
fan-made	O
Total	B-Application
Annihilation	I-Application
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fangames	B-Application
are	O
sometimes	O
developed	O
as	O
a	O
modification	O
to	O
an	O
existing	O
game	O
,	O
using	O
features	O
and	O
software	O
provided	O
by	O
many	O
game	O
engines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Modding	O
an	O
existing	O
game	O
is	O
often	O
cheaper	O
than	O
developing	O
a	O
fangame	B-Application
from	O
scratch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
of	O
the	O
complexity	O
of	O
developing	O
an	O
entirely	O
new	O
game	O
,	O
fangames	B-Application
are	O
often	O
made	O
using	O
pre-existing	O
tools	O
that	O
either	O
came	O
with	O
the	O
original	O
game	O
,	O
or	O
are	O
readily	O
available	O
elsewhere	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Certain	O
games	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Unreal	B-Application
Tournament	I-Application
2004	I-Application
and	O
Neverwinter	B-Application
Nights	I-Application
,	O
come	O
with	O
map-editing	O
and	O
scripting	O
tools	O
to	O
allow	O
fans	O
to	O
develop	O
mods	O
using	O
the	O
engine	O
provided	O
with	O
the	O
original	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Games	O
such	O
as	O
Doom	B-Application
are	O
old	O
enough	O
(	O
end-of-life	O
)	O
that	O
their	O
source	O
code	O
has	O
been	O
released	O
,	O
allowing	O
radical	O
changes	O
to	O
take	O
place	O
;	O
more	O
examples	O
in	O
the	O
List	B-Application
of	I-Application
commercial	I-Application
video	I-Application
games	I-Application
with	I-Application
available	I-Application
source	I-Application
code	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
form	O
of	O
modding	O
comes	O
from	O
editing	O
the	O
ROM	B-General_Concept
images	I-General_Concept
of	O
older	O
games	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
SNES	B-Application
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Programs	O
such	O
as	O
Lunar	B-Application
Magic	I-Application
enable	O
a	O
user	O
to	O
modify	O
the	O
existing	O
data	O
in	O
the	O
ROM	B-General_Concept
image	I-General_Concept
and	O
change	O
levels	O
,	O
character	O
graphics	O
,	O
or	O
any	O
other	O
aspect	O
the	O
program	O
allows	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
normally	O
played	O
on	O
emulators	B-Application
,	O
these	O
newly	O
edited	O
ROM	B-General_Concept
images	I-General_Concept
could	O
theoretically	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
a	O
flash	O
drive	O
to	O
actually	O
create	O
cartridges	O
for	O
the	O
older	O
system	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
modified	O
ROM	B-General_Concept
images	I-General_Concept
to	O
run	O
on	O
the	O
original	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
notable	O
recent	O
example	O
of	O
such	O
a	O
fangame	B-Application
is	O
The	B-Application
Legend	I-Application
of	I-Application
Zelda	I-Application
:	O
Parallel	O
Worlds	O
which	O
was	O
hailed	O
by	O
reviewers	O
as	O
a	O
remarkable	O
unofficial	O
sequel	O
to	O
A	B-Application
Link	I-Application
to	I-Application
the	I-Application
Past	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Famous	O
fan	O
mods	O
(	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
Counter-Strike	B-Application
,	O
Day	B-Application
of	I-Application
Defeat	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Pirates	B-Application
,	I-Application
Vikings	I-Application
and	I-Application
Knights	I-Application
II	I-Application
)	O
may	O
even	O
be	O
adopted	O
by	O
the	O
game	O
developer	O
(	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
mentioned	O
cases	O
,	O
Valve	O
)	O
and	O
made	O
into	O
an	O
official	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
existing	O
game	O
(	O
Half-Life	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
the	O
good	O
intentions	O
and	O
dedication	O
of	O
fan-game-makers	O
,	O
development	O
of	O
many	O
fangames	B-Application
ended	O
in	O
abandonment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
unclear	O
what	O
proportion	O
of	O
fangames	B-Application
attempted	O
are	O
never	O
successfully	O
created	O
and	O
released	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Excluding	O
mods	O
(	O
which	O
are	O
technically	O
not	O
true	O
fangames	B-Application
)	O
,	O
the	O
vast	O
majority	O
of	O
fangames	B-Application
that	O
have	O
been	O
successfully	O
completed	O
and	O
published	O
are	O
adventure	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
sacrifice	O
is	O
best	O
described	O
by	O
Britney	O
Brimhall	O
of	O
AGD	O
Interactive	O
,	O
regarding	O
their	O
2001	O
released	O
remake	B-General_Concept
of	O
King	B-Application
's	I-Application
Quest	I-Application
I	O
,	O
"	O
I	O
think	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
people	O
do	O
n’t	O
realize	O
when	O
they	O
initiate	O
a	O
game	O
project	O
just	O
how	O
much	O
sacrifice	O
it	O
will	O
require	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
fangames	B-Application
are	O
developed	O
with	O
a	O
relatively	O
low	O
budget	O
,	O
a	O
fangame	B-Application
is	O
rarely	O
available	O
on	O
a	O
console	O
system	O
;	O
licensing	O
fees	O
are	O
too	O
prohibitive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
unlicensed	O
fangames	B-Application
have	O
occasionally	O
made	O
it	O
onto	O
consoles	O
with	O
a	O
significant	O
homebrew	B-Application
scene	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Atari	B-General_Concept
2600	I-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
NES	O
,	O
SNES	B-Application
,	O
the	O
Game	B-Device
Boy	I-Device
line	I-Device
,	O
Sony	O
's	O
PlayStation	B-Device
,	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
and	O
PlayStation	B-Operating_System
Portable	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
many	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
companies	O
shut	O
down	O
fangames	B-Application
as	O
copyright	O
infringements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Original	O
copyright	O
holders	O
can	O
order	O
a	O
cease	O
and	O
desist	O
upon	O
fangame	B-Application
projects	O
,	O
as	O
by	O
definition	O
fangames	B-Application
are	O
unauthorized	O
uses	O
of	O
copyrighted	O
property	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
fangames	B-Application
go	O
as	O
far	O
as	O
taking	O
music	O
and	O
graphics	O
directly	O
from	O
the	O
original	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
notable	O
case	O
in	O
late	O
2005	O
involved	O
Vivendi	O
Universal	O
shutting	O
down	O
a	O
King	B-Application
's	I-Application
Quest	I-Application
fan	O
project	O
,	O
King	B-Application
's	I-Application
Quest	I-Application
IX	I-Application
:	I-Application
Every	I-Application
Cloak	I-Application
Has	I-Application
a	I-Application
Silver	I-Application
Lining	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
negotiations	O
,	O
the	O
developers	O
were	O
required	O
to	O
remove	O
"	O
King	B-Application
's	I-Application
Quest	I-Application
"	O
from	O
the	O
title	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Conversely	O
,	O
fan	O
protests	O
for	O
the	O
shutting	O
down	O
of	O
Chrono	B-Application
Resurrection	I-Application
(	O
a	O
remake	B-General_Concept
demo	O
of	O
Chrono	B-Application
Trigger	I-Application
)	O
in	O
2004	O
have	O
yielded	O
no	O
result	O
on	O
Square	O
Enix	O
's	O
action	O
to	O
block	O
the	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
is	O
notorious	O
for	O
its	O
strict	O
protection	O
of	O
its	O
intellectual	O
property	O
(	O
IP	O
)	O
and	O
has	O
shut	O
down	O
many	O
notable	O
fangames	B-Application
,	O
including	O
an	O
HD	O
remake	B-General_Concept
of	O
Super	O
Mario	O
64	O
,	O
AM2R	B-Application
,	O
and	O
No	B-Application
Mario	I-Application
's	I-Application
Sky	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nintendo	O
has	O
also	O
taken	O
down	O
various	O
Pokémon	B-Application
fangames	B-Application
such	O
as	O
"	O
Pokenet	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
Pokémon	B-Application
Uranium	I-Application
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
a	O
similar	O
note	O
,	O
a	O
Spyro	O
the	O
Dragon	O
fangame	B-Application
,	O
Spyro	O
:	O
Myths	O
Awaken	O
,	O
was	O
shut	O
down	O
by	O
Activision	O
(	O
the	O
current	O
owners	O
of	O
the	O
Spyro	O
IP	O
)	O
in	O
September	O
2018	O
and	O
later	O
became	O
Zera	O
:	O
Myths	O
Awaken	O
with	O
all	O
Activision-owned	O
content	O
being	O
replaced	O
by	O
original	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
this	O
legal	O
action	O
,	O
other	O
fan-made	B-Application
games	I-Application
like	O
Spyro	O
2	O
:	O
Spring	B-Application
Savanna	O
stopped	O
the	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Previously	O
in	O
2007	O
,	O
legal	O
action	O
was	O
also	O
taken	O
by	O
Activision	O
against	O
an	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
software	I-Application
named	O
Piano	B-Application
Hero	I-Application
by	O
sending	O
a	O
cease	O
and	O
desist	O
letter	O
,	O
which	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
name	O
change	O
to	O
Synthesia	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2021	O
,	O
a	O
lawsuit	O
was	O
filed	O
by	O
Rockstar	O
Games	O
 '	O
parent	O
company	O
Take-Two	O
Interactive	O
against	O
the	O
authors	O
of	O
re3	O
and	O
reVC	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
reverse	O
engineering	O
projects	O
for	O
the	O
games	O
Grand	B-Application
Theft	I-Application
Auto	I-Application
III	I-Application
and	O
Grand	B-Application
Theft	I-Application
Auto	I-Application
:	I-Application
Vice	I-Application
City	I-Application
that	O
allowed	O
the	O
games	O
to	O
be	O
played	O
on	O
contemporary	O
platforms	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Capcom	O
suspension	O
an	O
fans	O
remake	B-General_Concept
of	O
Code	O
Veronica	O
and	O
the	O
original	O
1996	O
Resident	O
Evil	O
on	O
copyright	O
ground	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
times	O
,	O
companies	O
have	O
endorsed	O
fangames	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
Capcom	O
has	O
featured	O
Peter	O
Sjöstrand	O
's	O
Mega	B-Application
Man	I-Application
2.5D	O
fangame	B-Application
in	O
their	O
community	O
site	O
more	O
than	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Capcom	O
Senior	O
Vice	O
President	O
Christian	O
Svennson	O
has	O
stated	O
that	O
,	O
while	O
they	O
legally	O
ca	O
n't	O
sanction	O
fangames	B-Application
,	O
they	O
wo	O
n't	O
proactively	O
go	O
after	O
them	O
either	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2012	O
,	O
Capcom	O
took	O
Seo	O
Zong	O
Hui	O
's	O
Street	B-Application
Fighter	I-Application
X	I-Application
Mega	I-Application
Man	I-Application
and	O
funded	O
it	O
,	O
promoting	O
it	O
from	O
a	O
simple	O
fangame	B-Application
to	O
an	O
officially	O
licensed	O
freeware	O
Mega	B-Application
Man	I-Application
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
Christian	O
Whitehead	O
created	O
his	O
own	O
game	O
engine	O
,	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
Retro	B-Application
Engine	I-Application
,	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
Sonic	B-Application
the	I-Application
Hedgehog	I-Application
fangame	B-Application
Retro	O
Sonic	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whitehead	O
developed	O
a	O
proof-of-concept	O
prototype	O
of	O
Sonic	B-Application
the	I-Application
Hedgehog	I-Application
CD	I-Application
running	O
on	O
the	O
Retro	B-Application
Engine	I-Application
and	O
pitched	O
it	O
to	O
Sega	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sega	O
gave	O
their	O
approval	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
full	O
remake	B-General_Concept
running	O
on	O
Whitehead	O
's	O
engine	O
was	O
released	O
two	O
years	O
later	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whitehead	O
later	O
worked	O
with	O
fellow	O
fan-programmer	O
Simon	B-Application
Thomley	I-Application
to	O
develop	O
mobile	O
remakes	B-General_Concept
of	O
Sonic	B-Application
the	I-Application
Hedgehog	I-Application
and	O
Sonic	B-Application
the	I-Application
Hedgehog	I-Application
2	I-Application
,	O
and	O
ultimately	O
directed	O
an	O
all-new	O
Sonic	B-Application
the	I-Application
Hedgehog	I-Application
title	O
,	O
Sonic	B-Application
Mania	I-Application
,	O
with	O
a	O
development	O
team	O
made	O
up	O
of	O
individuals	O
noted	O
for	O
their	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
Sonic	B-Application
the	I-Application
Hedgehog	I-Application
fan	O
community	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Skywind	O
is	O
a	O
fan	O
remastering	O
of	O
The	B-Application
Elder	I-Application
Scrolls	I-Application
III	I-Application
:	I-Application
Morrowind	I-Application
(	O
2002	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
game	O
engine	O
of	O
The	B-Application
Elder	I-Application
Scrolls	I-Application
V	I-Application
:	I-Application
Skyrim	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2017	O
,	O
Mig	O
Perez	O
and	O
Jeffrey	O
Montoya	O
released	O
Castlevania	B-Application
:	O
The	O
Lecarde	O
Chronicles	O
2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
game	O
features	O
all	O
new	O
assets	O
and	O
a	O
new	O
soundtrack	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
new	O
voice	O
acting	O
from	O
actors	O
who	O
appeared	O
in	O
the	O
official	O
Castlevania	B-Application
series	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Douglas	O
Rye	O
who	O
played	O
Dracula	O
in	O
Curse	B-Application
of	I-Application
Darkness	I-Application
and	O
Robert	O
Belgrade	O
who	O
played	O
Alucard	O
in	O
Symphony	B-Application
of	I-Application
the	I-Application
Night	I-Application
.	O
</s>
