<s>
The	O
factored	B-General_Concept
language	I-General_Concept
model	I-General_Concept
(	O
FLM	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
a	O
conventional	O
language	B-Language
model	I-Language
introduced	O
by	O
Jeff	O
Bilmes	O
and	O
Katrin	O
Kirchoff	O
in	O
2003	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
if	O
represents	O
a	O
word	O
token	O
and	O
represents	O
a	O
Part	O
of	O
speech	O
tag	O
for	O
English	O
,	O
the	O
expression	O
gives	O
a	O
model	O
for	O
predicting	O
current	O
word	O
token	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
traditional	O
Ngram	B-Language
model	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
Part	O
of	O
speech	O
tag	O
of	O
the	O
previous	O
word	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
major	O
advantage	O
of	O
factored	B-General_Concept
language	I-General_Concept
models	I-General_Concept
is	O
that	O
they	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
specify	O
linguistic	O
knowledge	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
word	O
tokens	O
and	O
Part	O
of	O
speech	O
in	O
English	O
,	O
or	O
morphological	O
information	O
(	O
stems	O
,	O
root	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
N-gram	B-Language
models	O
,	O
smoothing	O
techniques	O
are	O
necessary	O
in	O
parameter	O
estimation	O
.	O
</s>
