<s>
Facebook	B-Application
is	O
an	O
online	O
social	O
media	O
and	O
social	O
networking	O
service	O
owned	O
by	O
American	O
technology	O
giant	O
Meta	O
Platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Created	O
in	O
2004	O
by	O
Mark	O
Zuckerberg	O
with	O
fellow	O
Harvard	O
College	O
students	O
and	O
roommates	O
Eduardo	O
Saverin	O
,	O
Andrew	O
McCollum	O
,	O
Dustin	O
Moskovitz	O
,	O
and	O
Chris	O
Hughes	O
,	O
its	O
name	O
derives	O
from	O
the	O
face	B-Application
book	I-Application
directories	O
often	O
given	O
to	O
American	O
university	O
students	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
claimed	O
2.96billion	O
monthly	O
active	O
users	O
,	O
and	O
ranked	O
third	O
worldwide	O
among	O
the	O
most	O
visited	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
the	O
most	O
downloaded	O
mobile	B-Application
app	I-Application
of	O
the	O
2010s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
can	O
be	O
accessed	O
from	O
devices	O
with	O
Internet	O
connectivity	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
personal	B-Device
computers	I-Device
,	O
tablets	B-Device
and	O
smartphones	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
also	O
communicate	B-Application
directly	I-Application
with	O
each	O
other	O
with	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
,	O
join	O
common-interest	O
groups	O
,	O
and	O
receive	O
notifications	O
on	O
the	O
activities	O
of	O
their	O
Facebook	B-Application
friends	O
and	O
the	O
pages	O
they	O
follow	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
subject	O
of	O
numerous	O
controversies	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
often	O
been	O
criticized	O
over	O
issues	O
such	O
as	O
user	O
privacy	O
(	O
as	O
with	O
the	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
data	O
scandal	O
)	O
,	O
political	O
manipulation	O
(	O
as	O
with	O
the	O
2016	O
U.S.	O
elections	O
)	O
and	O
mass	O
surveillance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
also	O
been	O
subject	O
to	O
criticism	O
over	O
psychological	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
addiction	O
and	O
low	O
self-esteem	O
,	O
and	O
various	O
controversies	O
over	O
content	O
such	O
as	O
fake	O
news	O
,	O
conspiracy	O
theories	O
,	O
copyright	O
infringement	O
,	O
and	O
hate	O
speech	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Commentators	O
have	O
accused	O
Facebook	B-Application
of	O
willingly	O
facilitating	O
the	O
spread	O
of	O
such	O
content	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
exaggerating	O
its	O
number	O
of	O
users	O
to	O
appeal	O
to	O
advertisers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
site	O
was	O
comparable	O
to	O
Hot	O
or	O
Not	O
and	O
used	O
"	O
photos	O
compiled	O
from	O
the	O
online	O
face	B-Application
books	I-Application
of	O
nine	O
Houses	O
,	O
placing	O
two	O
next	O
to	O
each	O
other	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
and	O
asking	O
users	O
to	O
choose	O
the	O
"	O
hotter	O
"	O
person	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
site	O
was	O
sent	O
to	O
several	O
campus	O
group	O
listservs	B-Protocol
,	O
but	O
was	O
shut	O
down	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
later	O
by	O
Harvard	O
administration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
"	O
face	B-Application
book	I-Application
"	O
is	O
a	O
student	O
directory	O
featuring	O
photos	O
and	O
personal	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Zuckerberg	O
told	O
The	O
Harvard	O
Crimson	O
,	O
"	O
Everyone	O
's	O
been	O
talking	O
a	O
lot	O
about	O
a	O
universal	O
face	B-Application
book	I-Application
within	O
Harvard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2004	O
,	O
Zuckerberg	O
coded	O
a	O
new	O
website	O
,	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
TheFacebook	B-Application
"	O
,	O
inspired	O
by	O
a	O
Crimson	O
editorial	O
about	O
Facemash	O
,	O
stating	O
,	O
"	O
It	O
is	O
clear	O
that	O
the	O
technology	O
needed	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
centralized	O
Website	O
is	O
readily	O
available	O
...	O
the	O
benefits	O
are	O
many.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
4	O
,	O
2004	O
,	O
Zuckerberg	O
launched	O
"	O
TheFacebook	B-Application
"	O
,	O
originally	O
located	O
at	O
thefacebook.com	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
later	O
sued	O
Zuckerberg	O
,	O
settling	O
in	O
2008	O
for	O
1.2million	O
shares	O
(	O
worth	O
$300million	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
at	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
IPO	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2004	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
expanded	O
to	O
Columbia	O
,	O
Stanford	O
and	O
Yale	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
mid-2004	O
,	O
Napster	B-Application
co-founder	O
and	O
entrepreneur	O
Sean	O
Parker	O
—	O
an	O
informal	O
advisor	O
to	O
Zuckerberg	O
—	O
became	O
company	O
president	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2005	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
dropped	O
"	O
the	O
"	O
from	O
its	O
name	O
after	O
purchasing	O
the	O
domain	O
name	O
Facebook.com	B-Application
for	O
US$	O
200,000	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2005	O
,	O
Accel	O
Partners	O
invested	O
$12.7	O
million	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
in	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Jim	O
Breyer	O
added	O
$1million	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
of	O
his	O
own	O
money	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2006	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
hired	O
its	O
first	O
intern	O
,	O
Julie	O
Zhuo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
26	O
,	O
2006	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
opened	O
to	O
everyone	O
at	O
least	O
13	O
years	O
old	O
with	O
a	O
valid	O
email	O
address	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
late	O
2007	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
100,000	O
pages	O
on	O
which	O
companies	O
promoted	O
themselves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
24	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
purchased	O
a	O
1.6	O
%	O
share	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
for	O
$240million	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
,	O
giving	O
Facebook	B-Application
a	O
total	O
implied	O
value	O
of	O
around	O
$15billion	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2007	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
first	O
f8	O
developers	B-Application
conference	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
launch	O
of	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
Developer	B-Application
Platform	O
,	O
providing	O
a	O
framework	B-Architecture
for	O
software	B-Application
developers	I-Application
to	O
create	O
applications	B-Application
that	O
interact	O
with	O
core	O
Facebook	B-Application
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
second	O
annual	O
f8	O
developers	B-Application
conference	O
on	O
July	O
23	O
,	O
2008	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
applications	B-Application
on	O
the	O
platform	O
had	O
grown	O
to	O
33	O
,	O
000	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
registered	O
developers	B-Application
had	O
exceeded	O
400,000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
website	O
won	O
awards	O
such	O
as	O
placement	O
into	O
the	O
"	O
Top	O
100	O
Classic	O
Websites	O
"	O
by	O
PC	O
Magazine	O
in	O
2007	O
,	O
and	O
winning	O
the	O
"	O
People	O
's	O
Voice	B-Application
Award	O
"	O
from	O
the	O
Webby	O
Awards	O
in	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
2008	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
became	O
EBITDA	O
profitable	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
not	O
cash	O
flow	O
positive	O
yet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
20	O
,	O
2008	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
introduced	O
"	O
Facebook	B-Application
Beta	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
significant	O
redesign	O
of	O
its	O
user	O
interface	O
on	O
selected	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mini-Feed	B-Application
and	O
Wall	O
were	O
consolidated	O
,	O
profiles	O
were	O
separated	O
into	O
tabbed	O
sections	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
effort	O
was	O
made	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
cleaner	O
look	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
began	O
migrating	O
users	O
to	O
the	O
new	O
version	O
in	O
September	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2008	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
sued	O
StudiVZ	O
,	O
a	O
German	O
social	O
network	O
that	O
was	O
alleged	O
to	O
be	O
visually	O
and	O
functionally	O
similar	O
to	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2008	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
its	O
international	O
headquarters	O
would	O
locate	O
in	O
Dublin	O
,	O
Ireland	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
January	O
2009	O
Compete.com	O
study	O
ranked	O
Facebook	B-Application
the	O
most	O
used	O
social	O
networking	O
service	O
by	O
worldwide	O
monthly	O
active	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
China	O
blocked	O
Facebook	B-Application
in	O
2009	O
following	O
the	O
Ürümqi	O
riots	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
,	O
Yuri	O
Milner	O
's	O
DST	O
(	O
which	O
later	O
split	O
into	O
DST	O
Global	O
and	O
Mail.ru	O
Group	O
)	O
,	O
alongside	O
Uzbek	O
Russian	O
metals	O
magnate	O
Alisher	O
Usmanov	O
,	O
invested	O
$200	O
million	O
in	O
Facebook	B-Application
when	O
it	O
was	O
valued	O
at	O
$10	O
billion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
the	O
New	O
York	O
Times	O
in	O
2013	O
,	O
"	O
Mr.	O
Usmanov	O
and	O
other	O
Russian	O
investors	O
at	O
one	O
point	O
owned	O
nearly	O
10	O
percent	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
though	O
precise	O
details	O
of	O
their	O
ownership	O
stakes	O
are	O
difficult	O
to	O
assess.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2009	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
became	O
cash	O
flow	O
positive	O
ahead	O
of	O
schedule	O
after	O
closing	O
a	O
roughly	O
$200	O
million	O
gap	O
in	O
operating	O
profitability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2010	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
won	O
the	O
Crunchie	O
"	O
Best	O
Overall	O
Startup	O
Or	O
Product	O
"	O
award	O
for	O
the	O
third	O
year	O
in	O
a	O
row	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Half	O
of	O
the	O
site	O
's	O
membership	O
used	O
Facebook	B-Application
daily	O
,	O
for	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
34	O
minutes	O
,	O
while	O
150million	O
users	O
accessed	O
the	O
site	O
from	O
mobile	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2010	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
SecondMarket	O
Inc	O
.	O
(	O
an	O
exchange	O
for	O
privately	O
held	O
companies	O
 '	O
shares	O
)	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
value	O
was	O
$41billion	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
had	O
slightly	O
surpassed	O
eBay	B-Application
to	O
become	O
the	O
third	O
largest	O
American	O
web	O
company	O
after	O
Google	B-Application
and	O
Amazon.com	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
November	O
15	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
it	O
had	O
acquired	O
the	O
domain	O
name	O
fb.com	B-Application
from	O
the	O
American	O
Farm	O
Bureau	O
Federation	O
for	O
an	O
undisclosed	O
amount	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
11	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
the	O
Farm	O
Bureau	O
disclosed	O
$8.5	O
million	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
in	O
"	O
domain	O
sales	O
income	O
"	O
,	O
making	O
the	O
acquisition	O
of	O
FB.com	B-Application
one	O
of	O
the	O
ten	O
highest	O
domain	O
sales	O
in	O
history	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2011	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
plans	O
to	O
move	O
its	O
headquarters	O
to	O
the	O
former	O
Sun	O
Microsystems	O
campus	O
in	O
Menlo	O
Park	O
,	O
California	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2011	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
removing	O
about	O
20,000	O
profiles	O
daily	O
for	O
violations	O
such	O
as	O
spam	O
,	O
graphic	O
content	O
and	O
underage	O
use	O
,	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
its	O
efforts	O
to	O
boost	O
cyber	O
security	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Statistics	O
showed	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
reached	O
one	O
trillion	O
page	O
views	O
in	O
the	O
month	O
of	O
June	O
2011	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
the	O
most	O
visited	O
website	O
tracked	O
by	O
DoubleClick	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
a	O
Nielsen	O
study	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
in	O
2011	O
become	O
the	O
second-most	O
accessed	O
website	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
behind	O
Google	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2012	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
App	O
Center	O
,	O
a	O
store	O
selling	O
applications	B-Application
that	O
operate	O
via	O
the	O
website	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
store	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
available	O
on	O
iPhones	B-Device
,	O
Android	B-Application
devices	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
mobile	O
web	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
initial	O
public	O
offering	O
came	O
on	O
May	O
17	O
,	O
2012	O
,	O
at	O
a	O
share	O
price	O
of	O
US$38	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Based	O
on	O
its	O
2012	O
income	O
of	O
$5billion	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
joined	O
the	O
Fortune	O
500	O
list	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
May	O
2013	O
,	O
ranked	O
462	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Zuckerberg	O
announced	O
at	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
October	O
2012	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
one	O
billion	O
monthly	O
active	O
users	O
,	O
including	O
600million	O
mobile	O
users	O
,	O
219billion	O
photo	O
uploads	O
and	O
140billion	O
friend	O
connections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
1	O
,	O
2012	O
,	O
Zuckerberg	O
visited	O
Russian	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Dmitry	O
Medvedev	O
in	O
Moscow	O
to	O
stimulate	O
social	O
media	O
innovation	O
in	O
Russia	O
and	O
to	O
boost	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
position	O
in	O
the	O
Russian	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
15	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
Facebook	B-Application
Graph	O
Search	O
,	O
which	O
provides	O
users	O
with	O
a	O
"	O
precise	O
answer	O
"	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
a	O
link	O
to	O
an	O
answer	O
by	O
leveraging	O
data	O
present	O
on	O
its	O
site	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
emphasized	O
that	O
the	O
feature	O
would	O
be	O
"	O
privacy-aware	O
"	O
,	O
returning	O
results	O
only	O
from	O
content	O
already	O
shared	O
with	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
3	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
unveiled	O
Facebook	B-Application
Home	I-Application
,	O
a	O
user-interface	O
layer	O
for	O
Android	B-Application
devices	O
offering	O
greater	O
integration	O
with	O
the	O
site	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTC	B-Application
announced	O
HTC	B-Application
First	I-Application
,	O
a	O
phone	O
with	O
Home	O
pre-loaded	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
15	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
an	O
alliance	O
across	O
19	O
states	O
with	O
the	O
National	O
Association	O
of	O
Attorneys	O
General	O
,	O
to	O
provide	O
teenagers	O
and	O
parents	O
with	O
information	O
on	O
tools	O
to	O
manage	O
social	O
networking	O
profiles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
19	O
Facebook	B-Application
modified	O
its	O
logo	O
to	O
remove	O
the	O
faint	O
blue	O
line	O
at	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
F	O
"	O
icon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
a	O
campaign	O
by	O
100	O
advocacy	O
groups	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
agreed	O
to	O
update	O
its	O
policy	O
on	O
hate	O
speech	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
12	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
introducing	O
clickable	O
hashtags	O
to	O
help	O
users	O
follow	O
trending	O
discussions	O
,	O
or	O
search	O
what	O
others	O
are	O
talking	O
about	O
on	O
a	O
topic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
San	O
Mateo	O
County	O
,	O
California	O
,	O
became	O
the	O
top	O
wage-earning	O
county	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
after	O
the	O
fourth	O
quarter	O
of	O
2012	O
because	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
joined	O
Alliance	O
for	O
Affordable	O
Internet	O
(	O
A4AI	O
)	O
in	O
October	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
launched	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
A4AI	O
is	O
a	O
coalition	O
of	O
public	O
and	O
private	O
organizations	O
that	O
includes	O
Google	B-Application
,	O
Intel	O
and	O
Microsoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
September	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
market	O
capitalization	O
had	O
exceeded	O
$200billion	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
algorithm	O
was	O
revised	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
filter	O
out	O
false	O
or	O
misleading	O
content	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
fake	O
news	O
stories	O
and	O
hoaxes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
maintained	O
that	O
satirical	O
content	O
should	O
not	O
be	O
intercepted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
algorithm	O
was	O
accused	O
of	O
maintaining	O
a	O
"	O
filter	B-Algorithm
bubble	I-Algorithm
"	O
,	O
where	O
material	O
the	O
user	O
disagrees	O
with	O
and	O
posts	O
with	O
few	O
likes	O
would	O
be	O
deprioritized	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
extended	O
paternity	O
leave	O
from	O
4	O
weeks	O
to	O
4	O
months	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
12	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
Zuckerberg	O
outlined	O
his	O
10-year	O
vision	O
,	O
which	O
rested	O
on	O
three	O
main	O
pillars	O
:	O
artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
,	O
increased	O
global	O
connectivity	O
,	O
and	O
virtual	B-Application
and	O
augmented	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
released	O
its	O
blueprints	O
of	O
Surround	O
360	O
camera	O
on	O
GitHub	B-Application
under	O
an	O
open-source	O
license	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
a	O
fee-based	O
communications	O
tool	O
called	O
Workplace	B-Application
that	O
aims	O
to	O
"	O
connect	O
everyone	O
"	O
at	O
work	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
create	O
profiles	O
,	O
see	O
updates	O
from	O
co-workers	O
on	O
their	O
news	B-Application
feed	I-Application
,	O
stream	O
live	O
videos	O
and	O
participate	O
in	O
secure	O
group	O
chats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
the	O
2016	O
U.S.	O
presidential	O
election	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
combat	O
fake	O
news	O
by	O
using	O
fact	O
checkers	O
from	O
sites	O
like	O
FactCheck.org	O
and	O
Associated	O
Press	O
(	O
AP	O
)	O
,	O
making	O
reporting	O
hoaxes	O
easier	O
through	O
crowdsourcing	O
,	O
and	O
disrupting	O
financial	O
incentives	O
for	O
abusers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
17	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
COO	O
Sheryl	O
Sandberg	O
planned	O
to	O
open	O
Station	O
F	O
,	O
a	O
startup	O
incubator	O
campus	O
in	O
Paris	O
,	O
France	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
a	O
six-month	O
cycle	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
committed	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
ten	O
to	O
15	O
data-driven	O
startups	O
there	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
18	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
beta	O
launch	O
of	O
at	O
its	O
annual	O
F8	O
developer	B-Application
conference	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
Spaces	O
is	O
a	O
virtual	B-Application
reality	I-Application
version	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
for	O
Oculus	B-Application
VR	I-Application
goggles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
virtual	B-Application
and	O
shared	O
space	O
,	O
users	O
can	O
access	O
a	O
curated	O
selection	O
of	O
360-degree	O
photos	O
and	O
videos	O
using	O
their	O
avatar	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
support	O
of	O
the	O
controller	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
it	O
would	O
spend	O
up	O
to	O
US$1billion	O
on	O
original	O
shows	O
for	O
its	O
Facebook	B-Application
Watch	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
16	O
,	O
it	O
acquired	O
the	O
anonymous	O
compliment	O
app	O
tbh	B-Application
,	O
announcing	O
its	O
intention	O
to	O
leave	O
the	O
app	O
independent	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2017	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
expanded	O
its	O
work	O
with	O
Definers	O
Public	O
Affairs	O
,	O
a	O
PR	O
firm	O
that	O
had	O
originally	O
been	O
hired	O
to	O
monitor	O
press	O
coverage	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
to	O
address	O
concerns	O
primarily	O
regarding	O
Russian	O
meddling	O
,	O
then	O
mishandling	O
of	O
user	O
data	O
by	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
,	O
hate	O
speech	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
and	O
calls	O
for	O
regulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Definers	O
claimed	O
that	O
George	O
Soros	O
was	O
the	O
force	O
behind	O
what	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
broad	O
anti-Facebook	O
movement	O
,	O
and	O
created	O
other	O
negative	O
media	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
America	O
Rising	O
,	O
that	O
was	O
picked	O
up	O
by	O
larger	O
media	O
organisations	O
like	O
Breitbart	O
News	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
cut	O
ties	O
with	O
the	O
agency	O
in	O
late	O
2018	O
,	O
following	O
public	O
outcry	O
over	O
their	O
association	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Posts	O
originating	O
from	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
page	O
of	O
Breitbart	O
News	O
,	O
a	O
media	O
organization	O
previously	O
affiliated	O
with	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
,	O
are	O
currently	O
among	O
the	O
most	O
widely	O
shared	O
political	O
content	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
Dating	I-Application
includes	O
privacy	O
features	O
and	O
friends	O
are	O
unable	O
to	O
view	O
their	O
friends	O
 '	O
dating	O
profile	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
charged	O
£	O
500,000	O
by	O
UK	O
watchdogs	O
for	O
failing	O
to	O
respond	O
to	O
data	O
erasure	O
requests	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
18	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
established	O
a	O
subsidiary	O
named	O
Lianshu	O
Science	O
&	O
Technology	O
in	O
Hangzhou	O
City	O
,	O
China	O
,	O
with	O
$30million	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
of	O
capital	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
its	O
shares	O
are	O
held	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
Hong	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
26	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
became	O
the	O
first	O
company	O
to	O
lose	O
over	O
$100billion	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
worth	O
of	O
market	O
capitalization	O
in	O
one	O
day	O
,	O
dropping	O
from	O
nearly	O
$630billion	O
to	O
$510billion	O
after	O
disappointing	O
sales	O
reports	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
31	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
said	O
that	O
the	O
company	O
had	O
deleted	O
17	O
accounts	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
2018	O
U.S.	O
midterm	O
elections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
19	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
,	O
for	O
news	O
distribution	O
outside	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
work	O
with	O
U.S.	O
funded	O
democracy	O
promotion	O
organizations	O
,	O
International	O
Republican	O
Institute	O
and	O
the	O
National	O
Democratic	O
Institute	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
loosely	O
affiliated	O
with	O
the	O
Republican	O
and	O
Democratic	O
parties	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Through	O
the	O
Digital	O
Forensic	O
Research	O
Lab	O
Facebook	B-Application
partners	O
with	O
the	O
Atlantic	O
Council	O
,	O
a	O
NATO-affiliated	O
think	O
tank	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
launched	O
smart	O
displays	O
branded	O
Portal	O
and	O
Portal	O
Plus	O
(	O
Portal+	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
support	O
Amazon	B-Application
's	O
Alexa	B-Application
(	O
intelligent	O
personal	O
assistant	O
service	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
devices	O
include	O
video	B-Application
chat	I-Application
function	O
with	O
Facebook	B-Protocol
Messenger	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2018	O
,	O
a	O
lawsuit	O
was	O
filed	O
in	O
Oakland	O
,	O
California	O
claiming	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
created	O
fake	O
accounts	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
inflate	O
its	O
user	O
data	O
and	O
appeal	O
to	O
advertisers	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Criticized	O
for	O
its	O
role	O
in	O
vaccine	O
hesitancy	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
in	O
March	O
2019	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
provide	O
users	O
with	O
"	O
authoritative	O
information	O
"	O
on	O
the	O
topic	O
of	O
vaccines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
study	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
journal	O
Vaccine	O
of	O
advertisements	O
posted	O
in	O
the	O
three	O
months	O
prior	O
to	O
that	O
found	O
that	O
54%	O
of	O
the	O
anti-vaccine	O
advertisements	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
were	O
placed	O
by	O
just	O
two	O
organisations	O
funded	O
by	O
well-known	O
anti-vaccination	O
activists	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
March	O
14	O
,	O
the	O
Huffington	O
Post	O
reported	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
PR	O
agency	O
had	O
paid	O
someone	O
to	O
tweak	O
Facebook	B-Application
COO	O
Sheryl	O
Sandberg	O
's	O
Wikipedia	O
page	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
adding	O
a	O
page	O
for	O
the	O
global	O
head	O
of	O
PR	O
,	O
Caryn	B-Application
Marooney	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
perpetrator	O
of	O
the	O
Christchurch	O
mosque	O
shootings	O
in	O
New	O
Zealand	O
used	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
stream	O
live	O
footage	O
of	O
the	O
attack	O
as	O
it	O
unfolded	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
took	O
29	O
minutes	O
to	O
detect	O
the	O
livestreamed	O
video	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
eight	O
minutes	O
longer	O
than	O
it	O
took	O
police	O
to	O
arrest	O
the	O
gunman	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
About	O
1.3m	O
copies	O
of	O
the	O
video	O
were	O
blocked	O
from	O
Facebook	B-Application
but	O
300,000	O
copies	O
were	O
published	O
and	O
shared	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
promised	O
changes	O
to	O
its	O
platform	O
;	O
spokesman	O
Simon	O
Dilner	O
told	O
Radio	O
New	O
Zealand	O
that	O
it	O
could	O
have	O
done	O
a	O
better	O
job	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
companies	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
ANZ	O
and	O
ASB	O
banks	O
,	O
have	O
stopped	O
advertising	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
after	O
the	O
company	O
was	O
widely	O
condemned	O
by	O
the	O
public	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
the	O
attack	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
began	O
blocking	O
white	O
nationalist	O
,	O
white	O
supremacist	O
,	O
and	O
white	O
separatist	O
content	O
,	O
saying	O
that	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
meaningfully	O
separated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Previously	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
only	O
blocked	O
overtly	O
supremacist	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
bans	O
were	O
made	O
in	O
mid-April	O
2019	O
,	O
banning	O
several	O
British	O
far-right	O
organizations	O
and	O
associated	O
individuals	O
from	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
and	O
also	O
banning	O
praise	O
or	O
support	O
for	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NTJ	O
's	O
member	O
Moulavi	O
Zahran	O
Hashim	O
,	O
a	O
radical	O
Islamist	O
imam	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
mastermind	O
behind	O
the	O
2019	O
Sri	O
Lanka	O
Easter	O
bombings	O
,	O
preached	O
on	O
a	O
pro-ISIL	O
Facebook	B-Application
account	O
,	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
Al-Ghuraba	O
"	O
media	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
redesign	O
of	O
the	O
website	O
and	O
mobile	B-Application
app	I-Application
was	O
introduced	O
,	O
dubbed	O
as	O
"	O
FB5	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
event	O
also	O
featured	O
plans	O
for	O
improving	O
groups	O
,	O
a	O
dating	O
platform	O
,	O
end-to-end	O
encryption	O
on	O
its	O
platforms	O
,	O
and	O
allowing	O
users	O
on	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
to	O
communicate	B-Application
directly	I-Application
with	O
WhatsApp	B-Application
and	O
Instagram	B-Application
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
31	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
a	O
partnership	O
with	O
University	O
of	O
California	O
,	O
San	O
Francisco	O
to	O
build	O
a	O
non-invasive	O
,	O
wearable	O
device	O
that	O
lets	O
people	O
type	O
by	O
simply	O
imagining	O
themselves	O
talking	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
13	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
revealed	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
enlisted	O
hundreds	O
of	O
contractors	O
to	O
create	O
and	O
obtain	O
transcripts	O
of	O
the	O
audio	O
messages	O
of	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
especially	O
common	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Protocol
Messenger	I-Protocol
,	O
where	O
the	O
contractors	O
frequently	O
listened	O
to	O
and	O
transcribed	O
voice	B-Application
messages	O
of	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
this	O
was	O
first	O
reported	O
on	O
by	O
Bloomberg	O
News	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
released	O
a	O
statement	O
confirming	O
the	O
report	O
to	O
be	O
true	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
stated	O
that	O
the	O
monitoring	O
program	O
was	O
now	O
suspended	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
5	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
launched	O
Facebook	B-Application
Dating	I-Application
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
new	O
application	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
integrate	O
their	O
Instagram	B-Application
posts	O
in	O
their	O
dating	O
profile	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
News	I-Application
,	O
which	O
features	O
selected	O
stories	O
from	O
news	O
organizations	O
,	O
was	O
launched	O
on	O
October	O
25	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
decision	O
to	O
include	O
far-right	O
website	O
Breitbart	O
News	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
trusted	O
source	O
"	O
was	O
negatively	O
received	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
November	O
17	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
banking	O
data	O
for	O
29,000	O
Facebook	B-Application
employees	O
was	O
stolen	O
from	O
a	O
payroll	O
worker	O
's	O
car	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
confirmed	O
that	O
the	O
drives	O
contained	O
employee	O
information	O
on	O
November	O
29	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
March	O
10	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
appointed	O
two	O
new	O
directors	O
Tracey	O
Travis	O
and	O
Nancy	O
Killefer	O
to	O
their	O
board	O
of	O
members	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2020	O
,	O
several	O
major	O
companies	O
including	O
Adidas	O
,	O
Aviva	O
,	O
Coca-Cola	O
,	O
Ford	O
,	O
HP	O
,	O
InterContinental	O
Hotels	O
Group	O
,	O
Mars	O
,	O
Starbucks	B-Application
,	O
Target	O
,	O
and	O
Unilever	O
,	O
announced	O
they	O
would	O
pause	O
adverts	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
for	O
July	O
in	O
support	O
of	O
the	O
Stop	O
Hate	O
For	O
Profit	O
campaign	O
which	O
claimed	O
the	O
company	O
was	O
not	O
doing	O
enough	O
to	O
remove	O
hateful	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BBC	O
noted	O
that	O
this	O
was	O
unlikely	O
to	O
affect	O
the	O
company	O
as	O
most	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
advertising	O
revenue	O
comes	O
from	O
small	O
-	O
to	O
medium-sized	O
businesses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
14	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
started	O
integrating	O
the	O
direct	O
messaging	O
service	O
of	O
Instagram	B-Application
with	O
its	O
own	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
for	O
both	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
Android	B-Application
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
update	O
,	O
an	O
update	O
screen	O
is	O
said	O
to	O
pop	O
up	O
on	O
Instagram	B-Application
's	O
mobile	B-Application
app	I-Application
with	O
the	O
following	O
message	O
,	O
"	O
There	O
's	O
a	O
New	O
Way	O
to	O
Message	O
on	O
Instagram	B-Application
"	O
with	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
additional	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
update	O
,	O
the	O
regular	O
DM	O
icon	O
on	O
the	O
top	O
right	O
corner	O
of	O
Instagram	B-Application
will	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
Messenger	B-Protocol
logo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
15	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
launched	O
a	O
climate	O
science	O
information	O
centre	O
to	O
promote	O
authoritative	O
voices	O
on	O
climate	O
change	O
and	O
provide	O
access	O
of	O
"	O
factual	O
and	O
up-to-date	O
"	O
information	O
on	O
climate	O
science	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
2020	O
U.S.	O
presidential	O
election	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
temporarily	O
increased	O
the	O
weight	O
of	O
ecosystem	O
quality	O
in	O
its	O
news	B-Application
feed	I-Application
algorithm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
sued	O
by	O
the	O
Federal	O
Trade	O
Commission	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
coalition	O
of	O
several	O
states	O
for	O
illegal	O
monopolization	O
and	O
antitrust	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
FTC	O
and	O
states	O
sought	O
the	O
courts	O
to	O
force	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
sell	O
its	O
subsidiaries	O
WhatsApp	B-Application
and	O
Instagram	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
suits	O
were	O
dismissed	O
by	O
a	O
federal	O
judge	O
on	O
June	O
28	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
who	O
stated	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
not	O
enough	O
evidence	O
brought	O
in	O
the	O
suit	O
to	O
determine	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
be	O
a	O
monopoly	O
at	O
this	O
point	O
,	O
though	O
allowed	O
the	O
FTC	O
to	O
amend	O
its	O
case	O
to	O
include	O
additional	O
evidence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
its	O
amended	O
filings	O
in	O
August	O
2021	O
,	O
the	O
FTC	O
asserted	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
been	O
a	O
monopoly	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
personal	O
social	O
networks	O
since	O
2011	O
,	O
distinguishing	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
activities	O
from	O
social	O
media	O
services	O
like	O
TikTok	B-Application
that	O
broadcast	O
content	O
without	O
necessarily	O
limiting	O
that	O
message	O
to	O
intended	O
recipients	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
proposed	O
bill	O
in	O
the	O
Australian	O
Parliament	O
for	O
a	O
News	O
Media	O
Bargaining	O
Code	O
,	O
on	O
February	O
17	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
blocked	O
Australian	O
users	O
from	O
sharing	O
or	O
viewing	O
news	O
content	O
on	O
its	O
platform	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
pages	O
of	O
some	O
government	O
,	O
community	O
,	O
union	O
,	O
charity	O
,	O
political	O
,	O
and	O
emergency	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
22	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
said	O
it	O
reached	O
an	O
agreement	O
with	O
the	O
Australian	O
government	O
that	O
would	O
see	O
news	O
returning	O
to	O
Australian	O
users	O
in	O
the	O
coming	O
days	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
part	O
of	O
this	O
agreement	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Google	B-Application
can	O
avoid	O
the	O
News	O
Media	O
Bargaining	O
Code	O
adopted	O
on	O
February	O
25	O
if	O
they	O
"	O
reach	O
a	O
commercial	O
bargain	O
with	O
a	O
news	O
business	O
outside	O
the	O
Code	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
been	O
accused	O
of	O
removing	O
and	O
shadow	O
banning	O
content	O
that	O
spoke	O
either	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
protesting	O
Indian	O
farmers	O
or	O
against	O
Narendra	O
Modi	O
's	O
government	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
India-based	O
employees	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
are	O
at	O
risk	O
of	O
arrest	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
27	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
Facebook	B-Application
BARS	O
app	O
for	O
rappers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
29	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
Bulletin	B-Protocol
,	O
a	O
platform	O
for	O
independent	O
writers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
competitors	O
such	O
as	O
Substack	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
would	O
not	O
take	O
a	O
cut	O
of	O
subscription	O
fees	O
of	O
writers	O
using	O
that	O
platform	O
upon	O
its	O
launch	O
,	O
like	O
Malcolm	O
Gladwell	O
and	O
Mitch	O
Albom	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
The	O
Washington	O
Post	O
technology	O
writer	O
Will	O
Oremus	O
,	O
the	O
move	O
was	O
criticized	O
by	O
those	O
who	O
viewed	O
it	O
as	O
an	O
tactic	O
intended	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
force	O
those	O
competitors	O
out	O
of	O
business	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2021	O
,	O
owner	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
Inc	O
.	O
changed	O
its	O
company	O
name	O
to	O
Meta	O
Platforms	O
,	O
Inc.	O
,	O
or	O
simply	O
"	O
Meta	O
"	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
shifts	O
its	O
focus	O
to	O
building	O
the	O
"	O
metaverse	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
change	O
does	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
social	O
networking	O
service	O
itself	O
,	O
instead	O
being	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
Alphabet	O
as	O
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
parent	O
company	O
in	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2021	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
stated	O
it	O
would	O
stop	O
targeting	O
ads	O
based	O
on	O
data	O
related	O
to	O
health	O
,	O
race	O
,	O
ethnicity	O
,	O
political	O
beliefs	O
,	O
religion	O
and	O
sexual	O
orientation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2022	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
daily	O
active	O
users	O
dropped	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
its	O
18-year	O
history	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
parent	O
Meta	O
,	O
DAUs	O
dropped	O
to	O
1.929	O
billion	O
in	O
the	O
three	O
months	O
ending	O
in	O
December	O
,	O
down	O
from	O
1.930	O
billion	O
the	O
previous	O
quarter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
warned	O
that	O
revenue	O
growth	O
would	O
slow	O
due	O
to	O
competition	O
from	O
TikTok	B-Application
and	O
YouTube	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
advertisers	O
cutting	O
back	O
on	O
spending	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
March	O
10	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
temporarily	O
ease	O
rules	O
to	O
allow	O
violent	O
speech	O
against	O
'	O
Russian	O
invaders	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Russia	O
then	O
banned	O
all	O
Meta	O
services	O
,	O
including	O
Instagram	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
also	O
detailed	O
accounts	O
from	O
analysts	O
predicting	O
a	O
"	O
death	O
spiral	O
"	O
for	O
Facebook	B-Application
stock	O
as	O
users	O
leave	O
,	O
ad	O
impressions	O
increase	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
company	O
chases	O
revenue	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
4	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
its	O
worst	O
outage	O
since	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
outage	O
was	O
global	O
in	O
scope	O
,	O
and	O
took	O
down	O
all	O
Facebook	B-Application
properties	O
,	O
including	O
Instagram	B-Application
and	O
WhatsApp	B-Application
,	O
from	O
approximately	O
15:39	O
UTC	O
to	O
22:05	O
UTC	O
,	O
and	O
affected	O
roughly	O
three	O
billion	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Security	O
experts	O
identified	O
the	O
problem	O
as	O
a	O
BGP	B-Protocol
withdrawal	O
of	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
IP	B-Protocol
routes	O
to	O
their	O
Domain	O
Name	O
(	O
DNS	B-Protocol
)	O
servers	O
which	O
were	O
all	O
self-hosted	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
outage	O
also	O
affected	O
all	O
internal	O
communications	O
systems	O
used	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
employees	O
,	O
which	O
disrupted	O
restoration	O
efforts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
November	O
2	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
it	O
would	O
shut	O
down	O
its	O
facial	O
recognition	O
technology	O
and	O
delete	O
the	O
data	O
on	O
over	O
a	O
billion	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
shutdown	O
of	O
the	O
technology	O
will	O
reportedly	O
also	O
stop	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
automated	O
alt	O
text	O
system	O
,	O
used	O
to	O
transcribe	O
media	O
on	O
the	O
platform	O
for	O
visually	O
impaired	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2023	O
,	O
Meta	O
CEO	O
Mark	O
Zuckerberg	O
announced	O
that	O
Meta	O
would	O
start	O
selling	O
blue	O
"	O
verified	O
"	O
badges	O
on	O
Instagram	B-Application
and	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
is	O
built	O
in	O
PHP	B-Application
,	O
compiled	O
with	O
HipHop	B-Language
for	I-Language
PHP	I-Language
,	O
a	O
"	O
source	O
code	O
transformer	O
"	O
built	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
engineers	O
that	O
turns	O
PHP	B-Application
into	O
C++	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
deployment	O
of	O
HipHop	B-Language
reportedly	O
reduced	O
average	O
CPU	O
consumption	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
servers	O
by	O
50%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
is	O
developed	O
as	O
one	O
monolithic	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
an	O
interview	O
in	O
2012	O
with	O
Facebook	B-Application
build	O
engineer	O
Chuck	O
Rossi	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
compiles	O
into	O
a	O
1.5GB	O
binary	O
blob	O
which	O
is	O
then	O
distributed	O
to	O
the	O
servers	O
using	O
a	O
custom	O
BitTorrent-based	O
release	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Changes	O
to	O
Facebook	B-Application
are	O
rolled	O
out	O
daily	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
used	O
a	O
combination	O
platform	O
based	O
on	O
HBase	B-Language
to	O
store	O
data	O
across	O
distributed	O
machines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
handles	O
requests	O
as	O
AJAX	B-General_Concept
behavior	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
requests	O
are	O
written	O
to	O
a	O
log	O
file	O
using	O
Scribe	B-Application
(	O
developed	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	O
is	O
read	O
from	O
these	O
log	O
files	O
using	O
Ptail	O
,	O
an	O
internally	O
built	O
tool	O
to	O
aggregate	O
data	O
from	O
multiple	O
Scribe	B-Application
stores	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ptail	O
data	O
are	O
separated	O
into	O
three	O
streams	O
and	O
sent	O
to	O
clusters	O
in	O
different	O
data	B-Operating_System
centers	I-Operating_System
(	O
Plugin	O
impression	O
,	O
News	B-Application
feed	I-Application
impressions	O
,	O
Actions	O
(	O
plugin	O
+	O
news	B-Application
feed	I-Application
)	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Puma	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
manage	O
periods	O
of	O
high	O
data	O
flow	O
(	O
Input/Output	O
or	O
IO	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
A	O
hot	O
article	O
generates	O
many	O
impressions	O
and	O
news	B-Application
feed	I-Application
impressions	O
that	O
cause	O
huge	O
data	O
skews	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Batches	O
are	O
taken	O
every	O
1.5	O
seconds	O
,	O
limited	O
by	O
memory	O
used	O
when	O
creating	O
a	O
hash	B-Algorithm
table	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	O
is	O
then	O
output	O
in	O
PHP	B-Application
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
backend	O
is	O
written	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thrift	O
is	O
used	O
as	O
the	O
messaging	O
format	O
so	O
PHP	B-Application
programs	O
can	O
query	O
Java	B-Language
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
data	O
is	O
then	O
sent	O
to	O
MapReduce	B-Operating_System
servers	O
where	O
it	O
is	O
queried	O
via	O
Hive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
uses	O
its	O
own	O
content	B-Operating_System
delivery	I-Operating_System
network	I-Operating_System
or	O
"	O
edge	O
network	O
"	O
under	O
the	O
domain	O
fbcdn.net	O
for	O
serving	O
static	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
the	O
mid	O
2010s	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
also	O
relied	O
on	O
Akamai	B-Application
for	O
CDN	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
March	O
20	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
a	O
new	O
open-source	O
programming	O
language	O
called	O
Hack	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
public	O
release	O
,	O
a	O
large	O
portion	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
already	O
running	O
and	O
"	O
battle	O
tested	O
"	O
using	O
the	O
new	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
registered	O
user	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
a	O
personal	O
profile	O
that	O
shows	O
their	O
posts	O
and	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2007	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
launched	O
Facebook	B-Application
Pages	O
for	O
brands	O
and	O
celebrities	O
to	O
interact	O
with	O
their	O
fanbases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2009	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
introduced	O
a	O
"	O
Usernames	O
"	O
feature	O
,	O
allowing	O
users	O
to	O
choose	O
a	O
unique	O
nickname	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
URL	O
for	O
their	O
personal	O
profile	O
,	O
for	O
easier	O
sharing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2014	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
expanded	O
the	O
gender	O
setting	O
,	O
adding	O
a	O
custom	O
input	O
field	O
that	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
choose	O
from	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
gender	O
identities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2014	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
introduced	O
a	O
feature	O
to	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
ask	O
for	O
information	O
not	O
disclosed	O
by	O
other	O
users	O
on	O
their	O
profiles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
News	B-Application
Feed	I-Application
appears	O
on	O
every	O
user	O
's	O
homepage	O
and	O
highlights	O
information	O
including	O
profile	O
changes	O
,	O
upcoming	O
events	O
and	O
friends	O
 '	O
birthdays	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
,	O
the	O
News	B-Application
Feed	I-Application
caused	O
dissatisfaction	O
among	O
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
;	O
some	O
complained	O
it	O
was	O
too	O
cluttered	O
and	O
full	O
of	O
undesired	O
information	O
,	O
others	O
were	O
concerned	O
that	O
it	O
made	O
it	O
too	O
easy	O
for	O
others	O
to	O
track	O
individual	O
activities	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
relationship	O
status	O
changes	O
,	O
events	O
,	O
and	O
conversations	O
with	O
other	O
users	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
23	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
granted	O
a	O
patent	O
on	O
certain	O
aspects	O
of	O
its	O
News	B-Application
Feed	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
patent	O
covers	O
News	B-Application
Feeds	I-Application
in	O
which	O
links	O
are	O
provided	O
so	O
that	O
one	O
user	O
can	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
another	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
sorting	O
and	O
display	O
of	O
stories	O
in	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
News	B-Application
Feed	I-Application
is	O
governed	O
by	O
the	O
EdgeRank	O
algorithm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
"	O
tag	B-General_Concept
"	O
,	O
or	O
label	O
,	O
friends	O
in	O
a	O
photo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
friend	O
receives	O
a	O
notification	O
about	O
the	O
tag	B-General_Concept
with	O
a	O
link	O
to	O
the	O
photo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
photo	O
tagging	O
feature	O
was	O
developed	O
by	O
Aaron	O
Sittig	O
,	O
now	O
a	O
Design	O
Strategy	O
Lead	O
at	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
and	O
former	O
Facebook	B-Application
engineer	O
Scott	O
Marlette	O
back	O
in	O
2006	O
and	O
was	O
only	O
granted	O
a	O
patent	O
in	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
7	O
,	O
2012	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
launched	O
its	O
App	O
Center	O
to	O
help	O
users	O
find	O
games	O
and	O
other	O
applications	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
May	O
13	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
in	O
association	O
with	O
major	O
news	O
portals	O
launched	O
"	O
Instant	O
Articles	O
"	O
to	O
provide	O
news	O
on	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
news	B-Application
feed	I-Application
without	O
leaving	O
the	O
site	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2017	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
launched	O
Facebook	B-Application
Stories	O
for	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
Android	B-Application
in	O
Ireland	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
feature	O
,	O
following	O
the	O
format	O
of	O
Snapchat	B-Application
and	O
Instagram	B-Application
stories	O
,	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
upload	O
photos	O
and	O
videos	O
that	O
appear	O
above	O
friends	O
 '	O
and	O
followers	O
 '	O
News	B-Application
Feeds	I-Application
and	O
disappear	O
after	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
11	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
introduced	O
the	O
3D	B-Protocol
Posts	I-Protocol
feature	O
to	O
allow	O
for	O
uploading	O
interactive	O
3D	O
assets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
11	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
change	O
News	B-Application
Feed	I-Application
to	O
prioritize	O
friends/family	O
content	O
and	O
de-emphasize	O
content	O
from	O
media	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
it	O
would	O
spend	O
$1billion	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
to	O
license	O
news	O
material	O
from	O
publishers	O
for	O
the	O
next	O
three	O
years	O
;	O
a	O
pledge	O
coming	O
as	O
the	O
company	O
falls	O
under	O
scrutiny	O
from	O
governments	O
across	O
the	O
globe	O
over	O
not	O
paying	O
for	O
news	O
content	O
appearing	O
on	O
the	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
and	O
April	O
2021	O
,	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
Apple	O
announcing	O
changes	O
to	O
its	O
iOS	B-Application
device	O
's	O
Identifier	B-Operating_System
for	I-Operating_System
Advertisers	I-Operating_System
policy	O
,	O
which	O
included	O
requiring	O
app	O
developers	B-Application
to	O
directly	O
request	O
to	O
users	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
track	O
on	O
an	O
opt-in	O
basis	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
purchased	O
full-page	O
newspaper	O
advertisements	O
attempting	O
to	O
convince	O
users	O
to	O
allow	O
tracking	O
,	O
highlighting	O
the	O
effects	O
targeted	O
ads	O
have	O
on	O
small	O
businesses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
efforts	O
were	O
ultimately	O
unsuccessful	O
,	O
as	O
Apple	O
released	O
iOS	B-Application
14.5	O
in	O
late	O
April	O
2021	O
,	O
containing	O
the	O
feature	O
for	O
users	O
in	O
what	O
has	O
been	O
deemed	O
"	O
App	B-Operating_System
Tracking	I-Operating_System
Transparency	I-Operating_System
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Moreover	O
,	O
statistics	O
from	O
Verizon	O
Communications	O
subsidiary	O
Flurry	O
Analytics	O
show	O
96%	O
of	O
all	O
iOS	B-Application
users	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
are	O
not	O
permitting	O
tracking	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
and	O
only	O
12%	O
of	O
worldwide	O
iOS	B-Application
users	O
are	O
allowing	O
tracking	O
,	O
which	O
some	O
news	O
outlets	O
deem	O
"	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
nightmare	O
"	O
,	O
among	O
similar	O
terms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
the	O
news	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
stated	O
that	O
the	O
new	O
policy	O
and	O
software	O
update	O
would	O
be	O
"	O
manageable	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
clicked	O
by	O
a	O
user	O
,	O
the	O
designated	O
content	O
is	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
appear	O
in	O
friends	O
 '	O
News	B-Application
Feeds	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2016	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
expanded	O
Like	O
into	O
"	O
Reactions	O
"	O
,	O
choosing	O
among	O
five	O
pre-defined	O
emotions	O
,	O
including	O
"	O
Love	O
"	O
,	O
"	O
Haha	O
"	O
,	O
"	O
Wow	O
"	O
,	O
"	O
Sad	O
"	O
,	O
or	O
"	O
Angry	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Protocol
Messenger	I-Protocol
is	O
an	O
instant	B-Application
messaging	I-Application
service	O
and	O
software	B-Application
application	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
began	O
as	O
Facebook	B-Protocol
Chat	I-Protocol
in	O
2008	O
,	O
was	O
revamped	O
in	O
2010	O
and	O
eventually	O
became	O
a	O
standalone	O
mobile	B-Application
app	I-Application
in	O
August	O
2011	O
,	O
while	O
remaining	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
user	O
page	O
on	O
browsers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Complementing	O
regular	O
conversations	O
,	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
lets	O
users	O
make	O
one-to-one	O
and	O
group	O
voice	B-Application
and	O
video	B-Application
calls	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
Android	B-Application
app	O
has	O
integrated	O
support	O
for	O
SMS	B-Device
and	O
"	O
Chat	O
Heads	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
round	O
profile	O
photo	O
icons	O
appearing	O
on-screen	O
regardless	O
of	O
what	O
app	O
is	O
open	O
,	O
while	O
both	O
apps	O
support	O
multiple	O
accounts	O
,	O
conversations	O
with	O
optional	O
end-to-end	O
encryption	O
and	O
"	O
Instant	O
Games	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2017	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
added	O
"	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
Day	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
feature	O
that	O
lets	O
users	O
share	O
photos	O
and	O
videos	O
in	O
a	O
story-format	O
with	O
all	O
their	O
friends	O
with	O
the	O
content	O
disappearing	O
after	O
24	O
hours	O
;	O
Reactions	O
,	O
which	O
lets	O
users	O
tap	O
and	O
hold	O
a	O
message	O
to	O
add	O
a	O
reaction	O
through	O
an	O
emoji	B-Application
;	O
and	O
Mentions	O
,	O
which	O
lets	O
users	O
in	O
group	O
conversations	O
type	O
@	O
to	O
give	O
a	O
particular	O
user	O
a	O
notification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Businesses	O
and	O
users	O
can	O
interact	O
through	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
with	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
tracking	O
purchases	O
and	O
receiving	O
notifications	O
,	O
and	O
interacting	O
with	O
customer	O
service	O
representatives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Third-party	O
developers	B-Application
can	O
integrate	O
apps	O
into	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
,	O
letting	O
users	O
enter	O
an	O
app	O
while	O
inside	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
and	O
optionally	O
share	O
details	O
from	O
the	O
app	O
into	O
a	O
chat	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Developers	B-Application
can	O
build	O
chatbots	B-General_Concept
into	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
,	O
for	O
uses	O
such	O
as	O
news	O
publishers	O
building	O
bots	O
to	O
distribute	O
news	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
M	B-Protocol
virtual	I-Protocol
assistant	I-Protocol
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
scans	O
chats	O
for	O
keywords	O
and	O
suggests	O
relevant	O
actions	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
its	O
payments	O
system	O
for	O
users	O
mentioning	O
money	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Group	O
chatbots	B-General_Concept
appear	O
in	O
Messenger	B-Protocol
as	O
"	O
Chat	O
Extensions	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
data	O
policy	O
outlines	O
its	O
policies	O
for	O
collecting	O
,	O
storing	O
,	O
and	O
sharing	O
user	O
's	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
enables	O
users	O
to	O
control	O
access	O
to	O
individual	O
posts	O
and	O
their	O
profile	O
through	O
privacy	O
settings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
revenue	O
depends	O
on	O
targeted	O
advertising	O
,	O
which	O
involves	O
analyzing	O
user	O
data	O
to	O
decide	O
which	O
ads	O
to	O
show	O
each	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
buys	O
data	O
from	O
third	O
parties	O
,	O
gathered	O
from	O
both	O
online	O
and	O
offline	O
sources	O
,	O
to	O
supplement	O
its	O
own	O
data	O
on	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
maintains	O
that	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
share	O
data	O
used	O
for	O
targeted	O
advertising	O
with	O
the	O
advertisers	O
themselves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
We	O
also	O
confirm	O
which	O
Facebook	B-Application
ads	O
led	O
you	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
purchase	O
or	O
take	O
an	O
action	O
with	O
an	O
advertiser.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
claims	O
it	O
uses	O
the	O
following	O
policy	O
for	O
sharing	O
user	O
data	O
with	O
third	O
parties	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
when	O
you	O
play	O
a	O
game	O
with	O
your	O
Facebook	B-Application
friends	O
or	O
use	O
a	O
Facebook	B-Application
Comment	O
or	O
Share	O
button	O
on	O
a	O
website	O
,	O
the	O
game	O
developer	B-Application
or	O
website	O
can	O
receive	O
information	O
about	O
your	O
activities	O
in	O
the	O
game	O
or	O
receive	O
a	O
comment	O
or	O
link	O
that	O
you	O
share	O
from	O
the	O
website	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Also	O
,	O
when	O
you	O
download	O
or	O
use	O
such	O
third-party	O
services	O
,	O
they	O
can	O
access	O
your	O
public	O
profile	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
and	O
any	O
information	O
that	O
you	O
share	O
with	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apps	O
and	O
websites	O
you	O
use	O
may	O
receive	O
your	O
list	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
friends	O
if	O
you	O
choose	O
to	O
share	O
it	O
with	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
But	O
apps	O
and	O
websites	O
you	O
use	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
receive	O
any	O
other	O
information	O
about	O
your	O
Facebook	B-Application
friends	O
from	O
you	O
,	O
or	O
information	O
about	O
any	O
of	O
your	O
Instagram	B-Application
followers	O
(	O
although	O
your	O
friends	O
and	O
followers	O
may	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
choose	O
to	O
share	O
this	O
information	O
themselves	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Devices	O
and	O
operating	O
systems	O
providing	O
native	O
versions	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Instagram	B-Application
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
:	O
We	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
restricting	O
developers	B-Application
 '	O
data	O
access	O
even	O
further	O
to	O
help	O
prevent	O
abuse	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
we	O
will	O
remove	O
developers	B-Application
 '	O
access	O
to	O
your	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Instagram	B-Application
data	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
n't	O
used	O
their	O
app	O
in	O
3	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
are	O
changing	O
Login	B-General_Concept
,	O
so	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
next	O
version	O
,	O
we	O
will	O
reduce	O
the	O
data	O
that	O
an	O
app	O
can	O
request	O
without	O
app	O
review	O
to	O
include	O
only	O
name	O
,	O
Instagram	B-Application
username	O
and	O
bio	O
,	O
profile	O
photo	O
and	O
email	O
address	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
will	O
also	O
share	O
data	O
with	O
law	O
enforcement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
policies	O
have	O
changed	O
repeatedly	O
since	O
the	O
service	O
's	O
debut	O
,	O
amid	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
controversies	O
covering	O
everything	O
from	O
how	O
well	O
it	O
secures	O
user	O
data	O
,	O
to	O
what	O
extent	O
it	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
control	O
access	O
,	O
to	O
the	O
kinds	O
of	O
access	O
given	O
to	O
third	O
parties	O
,	O
including	O
businesses	O
,	O
political	O
campaigns	O
and	O
governments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
29	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
its	O
Bug	O
Bounty	O
Program	O
that	O
paid	O
security	O
researchers	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
$500	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
for	O
reporting	O
security	O
holes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
rapid	O
growth	O
began	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
it	O
became	O
available	O
and	O
continued	O
through	O
2018	O
,	O
before	O
beginning	O
to	O
decline	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
passed	O
100million	O
registered	O
users	O
in	O
2008	O
,	O
and	O
500million	O
in	O
July	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
data	O
at	O
the	O
July	O
2010	O
announcement	O
,	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
site	O
's	O
membership	O
used	O
Facebook	B-Application
daily	O
,	O
for	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
34	O
minutes	O
,	O
while	O
150million	O
users	O
accessed	O
the	O
site	O
by	O
mobile	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2012	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
monthly	O
active	O
users	O
passed	O
one	O
billion	O
,	O
with	O
600million	O
mobile	O
users	O
,	O
219billion	O
photo	O
uploads	O
,	O
and	O
140billion	O
friend	O
connections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2015	O
,	O
after	O
skepticism	O
about	O
the	O
accuracy	O
of	O
its	O
"	O
monthly	O
active	O
users	O
"	O
measurement	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
changed	O
its	O
definition	O
to	O
a	O
logged-in	O
member	O
who	O
visits	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
site	O
through	O
the	O
web	O
browser	O
or	O
mobile	B-Application
app	I-Application
,	O
or	O
uses	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
Messenger	B-Protocol
app	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
30-day	O
period	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
measurement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
excluded	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
third-party	O
services	O
with	O
Facebook	B-Application
integration	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
previously	O
counted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
2017	O
to	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
the	O
U.S.	O
population	O
over	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
12	O
who	O
use	O
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
declined	O
,	O
from	O
67%	O
to	O
61%	O
(	O
a	O
decline	O
of	O
some	O
15million	O
U.S.	O
users	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
higher	O
drop-off	O
among	O
younger	O
Americans	O
(	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
U.S.	O
12	O
-	O
to	O
34-year-olds	O
who	O
are	O
users	O
from	O
58%	O
in	O
2015	O
to	O
29%	O
in	O
2019	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
decline	O
coincided	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
popularity	O
of	O
Instagram	B-Application
,	O
which	O
is	O
also	O
owned	O
by	O
Meta	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Historically	O
,	O
commentators	O
have	O
offered	O
predictions	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
decline	O
or	O
end	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
causes	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
declining	O
user	O
base	O
;	O
the	O
legal	O
difficulties	O
of	O
being	O
a	O
closed	B-Application
platform	I-Application
,	O
inability	O
to	O
generate	O
revenue	O
,	O
inability	O
to	O
offer	O
user	O
privacy	O
,	O
inability	O
to	O
adapt	O
to	O
mobile	O
platforms	O
,	O
or	O
Facebook	B-Application
ending	O
itself	O
to	O
present	O
a	O
next	O
generation	O
replacement	O
;	O
or	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
role	O
in	O
Russian	O
interference	O
in	O
the	O
2016	O
United	O
States	O
elections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
highest	O
number	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
as	O
of	O
October	O
2018	O
are	O
from	O
India	O
and	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
Indonesia	O
,	O
Brazil	O
and	O
Mexico	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
many	O
countries	O
the	O
social	O
networking	O
sites	O
and	O
mobile	B-Application
apps	I-Application
have	O
been	O
blocked	O
temporarily	O
or	O
permanently	O
,	O
including	O
China	O
,	O
Iran	O
,	O
Vietnam	O
,	O
Pakistan	O
,	O
Syria	O
,	O
and	O
North	O
Korea	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2018	O
,	O
the	O
government	O
of	O
Papua	O
New	O
Guinea	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
ban	O
Facebook	B-Application
for	O
a	O
month	O
while	O
it	O
considered	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
the	O
website	O
on	O
the	O
country	O
,	O
though	O
no	O
ban	O
has	O
since	O
occurred	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
it	O
would	O
start	O
enforcing	O
its	O
ban	O
on	O
users	O
,	O
including	O
influencers	O
,	O
promoting	O
any	O
vape	O
,	O
tobacco	O
products	O
,	O
or	O
weapons	O
on	O
its	O
platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
importance	O
and	O
scale	O
has	O
led	O
to	O
criticisms	O
in	O
many	O
domains	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Issues	O
include	O
Internet	O
privacy	O
,	O
excessive	O
retention	O
of	O
user	O
information	O
,	O
its	O
facial	O
recognition	O
software	O
,	O
DeepFace	O
its	O
addictive	O
quality	O
and	O
its	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
workplace	B-Application
,	O
including	O
employer	O
access	O
to	O
employee	O
accounts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
been	O
criticized	O
for	O
electricity	O
usage	O
,	O
tax	O
avoidance	O
,	O
real-name	O
user	O
requirement	O
policies	O
,	O
censorship	O
and	O
its	O
involvement	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
PRISM	O
surveillance	O
program	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
The	O
Express	O
Tribune	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
"	O
avoided	O
billions	O
of	O
dollars	O
in	O
tax	O
using	O
offshore	O
companies	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
is	O
alleged	O
to	O
have	O
harmful	O
psychological	O
effects	O
on	O
its	O
users	O
,	O
including	O
feelings	O
of	O
jealousy	O
and	O
stress	O
,	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
attention	O
and	O
social	O
media	O
addiction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
European	O
antitrust	O
regulator	O
Margrethe	O
Vestager	O
stated	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
terms	O
of	O
service	O
relating	O
to	O
private	O
data	O
were	O
"	O
unbalanced	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
been	O
criticized	O
for	O
allowing	O
users	O
to	O
publish	O
illegal	O
or	O
offensive	O
material	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Commentators	O
have	O
accused	O
Facebook	B-Application
of	O
willingly	O
facilitating	O
the	O
spread	O
of	O
such	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sri	O
Lanka	O
blocked	O
both	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
WhatsApp	B-Application
in	O
May	O
2019	O
after	O
anti-Muslim	O
riots	O
,	O
the	O
worst	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
since	O
the	O
Easter	O
Sunday	O
bombing	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
year	O
as	O
a	O
temporary	O
measure	O
to	O
maintain	O
peace	O
in	O
Sri	O
Lanka	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
removed	O
3billion	O
fake	O
accounts	O
only	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
quarter	O
of	O
2018	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
quarter	O
of	O
2019	O
;	O
in	O
comparison	O
,	O
the	O
social	O
network	O
reports	O
2.39billion	O
monthly	O
active	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
faced	O
a	O
steady	O
stream	O
of	O
controversies	O
over	O
how	O
it	O
handles	O
user	O
privacy	O
,	O
repeatedly	O
adjusting	O
its	O
privacy	O
settings	O
and	O
policies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2010	O
,	O
the	O
US	O
National	O
Security	O
Agency	O
began	O
taking	O
publicly	O
posted	O
profile	O
information	O
from	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
among	O
other	O
social	O
media	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
November	O
29	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
settled	O
Federal	O
Trade	O
Commission	O
charges	O
that	O
it	O
deceived	O
consumers	O
by	O
failing	O
to	O
keep	O
privacy	O
promises	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2013	O
High-Tech	O
Bridge	O
published	O
a	O
study	O
showing	O
that	O
links	O
included	O
in	O
Facebook	B-Application
messaging	O
service	O
messages	O
were	O
being	O
accessed	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2014	O
two	O
users	O
filed	O
a	O
lawsuit	O
against	O
Facebook	B-Application
alleging	O
that	O
their	O
privacy	O
had	O
been	O
violated	O
by	O
this	O
practice	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
7	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
a	O
bug	O
had	O
resulted	O
in	O
about	O
14million	O
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
having	O
their	O
default	O
sharing	O
setting	O
for	O
all	O
new	O
posts	O
set	O
to	O
"	O
public	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
4	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
half	O
a	O
billion	O
records	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
were	O
found	O
exposed	O
on	O
Amazon	B-Application
cloud	O
servers	O
,	O
containing	O
information	O
about	O
users	O
 '	O
friends	O
,	O
likes	O
,	O
groups	O
,	O
and	O
checked-in	O
locations	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
names	O
,	O
passwords	O
and	O
email	O
addresses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
phone	O
numbers	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
200	O
million	O
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
exposed	O
on	O
an	O
open	O
online	O
database	O
in	O
September	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
thought	O
the	O
records	O
were	O
amassed	O
using	O
a	O
tool	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
disabled	O
in	O
April	O
2018	O
after	O
the	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
controversy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Facebook	B-Application
spokeswoman	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
dataset	O
is	O
old	O
and	O
appears	O
to	O
have	O
information	O
obtained	O
before	O
we	O
made	O
changes	O
last	O
year	O
...	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
evidence	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
accounts	O
were	O
compromised.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
privacy	O
problems	O
resulted	O
in	O
companies	O
like	O
Viber	B-Application
Media	I-Application
and	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
discontinuing	O
advertising	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
accused	O
of	O
committing	O
"	O
systemic	O
"	O
racial	O
bias	O
by	O
EEOC	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
complaints	O
of	O
three	O
rejected	O
candidates	O
and	O
a	O
current	O
employee	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
three	O
rejected	O
employees	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
Operational	O
Manager	O
at	O
Facebook	B-Application
as	O
of	O
March	O
2021	O
accused	O
the	O
firm	O
of	O
discriminating	O
against	O
Black	O
people	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
"	O
shadow	B-Application
profile	I-Application
"	O
refers	O
to	O
the	O
data	O
Facebook	B-Application
collects	O
about	O
individuals	O
without	O
their	O
explicit	O
permission	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
like	O
"	O
button	O
that	O
appears	O
on	O
third-party	O
websites	O
allows	O
the	O
company	O
to	O
collect	O
information	O
about	O
an	O
individual	O
's	O
internet	O
browsing	O
habits	O
,	O
even	O
if	O
the	O
individual	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
Facebook	B-Application
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
a	O
Facebook	B-Application
user	O
can	O
link	O
their	O
email	O
account	O
to	O
their	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
find	O
friends	O
on	O
the	O
site	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
company	O
to	O
collect	O
the	O
email	O
addresses	O
of	O
users	O
and	O
non-users	O
alike	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
while	O
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
have	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
download	O
and	O
inspect	O
the	O
data	O
they	O
provide	O
to	O
the	O
site	O
,	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
"	O
shadow	B-Application
profile	I-Application
"	O
is	O
not	O
included	O
,	O
and	O
non-users	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
do	O
not	O
have	O
access	O
to	O
this	O
tool	O
regardless	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
unclear	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
for	O
a	O
person	O
to	O
revoke	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
access	O
to	O
their	O
"	O
shadow	O
profile.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
customer	O
Global	O
Science	O
Research	O
sold	O
information	O
on	O
over	O
87million	O
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
to	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
,	O
a	O
political	O
data	O
analysis	O
firm	O
led	O
by	O
Alexander	O
Nix	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
approximately	O
270,000	O
people	O
used	O
the	O
app	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
API	B-Application
permitted	O
data	O
collection	O
from	O
their	O
friends	O
without	O
their	O
knowledge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
first	O
Facebook	B-Application
downplayed	O
the	O
significance	O
of	O
the	O
breach	O
,	O
and	O
suggested	O
that	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
no	O
longer	O
had	O
access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
then	O
issued	O
a	O
statement	O
expressing	O
alarm	O
and	O
suspended	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Review	O
of	O
documents	O
and	O
interviews	O
with	O
former	O
Facebook	B-Application
employees	O
suggested	O
that	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
still	O
possessed	O
the	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
a	O
violation	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
consent	O
decree	O
with	O
the	O
Federal	O
Trade	O
Commission	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
The	O
Guardian	O
,	O
both	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
threatened	O
to	O
sue	O
the	O
newspaper	O
if	O
it	O
published	O
the	O
story	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
publication	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
claimed	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
been	O
"	O
lied	O
to	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
March	O
23	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
The	O
English	O
High	O
Court	O
granted	O
an	O
application	O
by	O
the	O
Information	O
Commissioner	O
's	O
Office	O
for	O
a	O
warrant	O
to	O
search	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
's	O
London	O
offices	O
,	O
ending	O
a	O
standoff	O
between	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
the	O
Information	O
Commissioner	O
over	O
responsibility	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
March	O
25	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
published	O
a	O
statement	O
by	O
Zuckerberg	O
in	O
major	O
UK	O
and	O
US	O
newspapers	O
apologizing	O
over	O
a	O
"	O
breach	O
of	O
trust	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
controversy	O
led	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
end	O
its	O
partnerships	O
with	O
data	O
brokers	O
who	O
aid	O
advertisers	O
in	O
targeting	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
24	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
said	O
it	O
could	O
face	O
a	O
fine	O
between	O
$3billion	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
to	O
$5billion	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
as	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
an	O
investigation	O
by	O
the	O
Federal	O
Trade	O
Commission	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
agency	O
has	O
been	O
investigating	O
Facebook	B-Application
for	O
possible	O
privacy	O
violations	O
,	O
but	O
has	O
not	O
announced	O
any	O
findings	O
yet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
also	O
implemented	O
additional	O
privacy	O
controls	O
and	O
settings	O
in	O
part	O
to	O
comply	O
with	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
's	O
General	O
Data	O
Protection	O
Regulation	O
(	O
GDPR	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
took	O
effect	O
in	O
May	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
also	O
ended	O
its	O
active	O
opposition	O
to	O
the	O
California	O
Consumer	O
Privacy	O
Act	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Meghan	O
McCain	O
have	O
drawn	O
an	O
equivalence	O
between	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
data	O
by	O
Cambridge	O
Analytica	O
and	O
the	O
Barack	O
Obama	O
's	O
2012	O
campaign	O
,	O
which	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
Investor	O
's	O
Business	O
Daily	O
,	O
"	O
encouraged	O
supporters	O
to	O
download	O
an	O
Obama	O
2012	O
Facebook	B-Application
app	O
that	O
,	O
when	O
activated	O
,	O
let	O
the	O
campaign	O
collect	O
Facebook	B-Application
data	O
both	O
on	O
users	O
and	O
their	O
friends.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Carol	O
Davidsen	O
,	O
the	O
Obama	O
for	O
America	O
(	O
OFA	O
)	O
former	O
director	O
of	O
integration	O
and	O
media	O
analytics	O
,	O
wrote	O
that	O
"	O
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
surprised	O
we	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
suck	O
out	O
the	O
whole	O
social	O
graph	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
stop	O
us	O
once	O
they	O
realised	O
that	O
was	O
what	O
we	O
were	O
doing.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
28	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
experienced	O
a	O
major	O
breach	O
in	O
its	O
security	O
,	O
exposing	O
the	O
data	O
of	O
50million	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
notified	O
users	O
affected	O
by	O
the	O
exploit	O
and	O
logged	O
them	O
out	O
of	O
their	O
accounts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
confirmed	O
a	O
password	O
compromise	O
of	O
millions	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
lite	O
application	O
users	O
also	O
affected	O
millions	O
of	O
Instagram	B-Application
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
December	O
19	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
security	O
researcher	O
Bob	O
Diachenko	O
discovered	O
a	O
database	O
containing	O
more	O
than	O
267million	O
Facebook	B-Application
user	O
IDs	O
,	O
phone	O
numbers	O
,	O
and	O
names	O
that	O
were	O
left	O
exposed	O
on	O
the	O
web	O
for	O
anyone	O
to	O
access	O
without	O
a	O
password	O
or	O
any	O
other	O
authentication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
encountered	O
a	O
major	O
security	O
breach	O
in	O
which	O
its	O
official	O
Twitter	B-Application
account	I-Application
was	O
hacked	O
by	O
a	O
Saudi	O
Arabia-based	O
group	O
called	O
"	O
OurMine	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
alleged	O
it	O
was	O
"	O
old	O
data	O
"	O
from	O
a	O
problem	O
fixed	O
in	O
August	O
2019	O
despite	O
the	O
data	O
's	O
having	O
been	O
released	O
a	O
year	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
later	O
only	O
in	O
2021	O
;	O
it	O
declined	O
to	O
speak	O
with	O
journalists	O
,	O
had	O
apparently	O
not	O
notified	O
regulators	O
,	O
called	O
the	O
problem	O
"	O
unfixable	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
said	O
it	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
advising	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
acquiring	O
Onavo	B-Application
in	O
2013	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
used	O
its	O
Onavo	B-Application
Protect	I-Application
virtual	B-Application
private	I-Application
network	I-Application
(	O
VPN	B-Application
)	O
app	O
to	O
collect	O
information	O
on	O
users	O
 '	O
web	O
traffic	O
and	O
app	O
usage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
allowed	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
monitor	O
its	O
competitors	O
 '	O
performance	O
,	O
and	O
motivated	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
acquire	O
WhatsApp	B-Application
in	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Media	O
outlets	O
classified	O
Onavo	B-Application
Protect	I-Application
as	O
spyware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2018	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
removed	O
the	O
app	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
pressure	O
from	O
Apple	O
,	O
who	O
asserted	O
that	O
it	O
violated	O
their	O
guidelines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Australian	O
Competition	O
and	O
Consumer	O
Commission	O
sued	O
Facebook	B-Application
on	O
December	O
16	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
for	O
"	O
false	O
,	O
misleading	O
or	O
deceptive	O
conduct	O
"	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
use	O
of	O
personal	O
data	O
obtained	O
from	O
Onavo	B-Application
for	O
business	O
purposes	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
Onavo	B-Application
's	O
privacy-oriented	O
marketing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2016	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
Research	O
launched	O
Project	O
Atlas	O
,	O
offering	O
some	O
users	O
between	O
the	O
ages	O
of	O
13	O
and	O
35	O
up	O
to	O
$20	O
per	O
month	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
in	O
exchange	O
for	O
their	O
personal	O
data	O
,	O
including	O
their	O
app	O
usage	O
,	O
web	B-Protocol
browsing	I-Protocol
history	I-Protocol
,	O
web	B-Application
search	I-Application
history	O
,	O
location	O
history	O
,	O
personal	O
messages	O
,	O
photos	O
,	O
videos	O
,	O
emails	O
and	O
Amazon	B-Application
order	O
history	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
led	O
Apple	O
to	O
temporarily	O
revoke	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
Enterprise	O
Developer	B-Application
Program	I-Application
certificates	O
for	O
one	O
day	O
,	O
preventing	O
Facebook	B-Application
Research	O
from	O
operating	O
on	O
iOS	B-Application
devices	O
and	O
disabling	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
internal	O
iOS	B-Application
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ars	O
Technica	O
reported	O
in	O
April	O
2018	O
that	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
Android	B-Application
app	O
had	O
been	O
harvesting	O
user	O
data	O
,	O
including	O
phone	O
calls	O
and	O
text	O
messages	O
,	O
since	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2018	O
,	O
several	O
Android	B-Application
users	O
filed	O
a	O
class	O
action	O
lawsuit	O
against	O
Facebook	B-Application
for	O
invading	O
their	O
privacy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
launched	O
the	O
Off-Facebook	O
Activity	O
page	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
see	O
information	O
collected	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
about	O
their	O
non-Facebook	O
activities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Washington	O
Post	O
columnist	O
Geoffrey	O
A	O
.	O
Fowler	O
found	O
that	O
this	O
included	O
what	O
other	O
apps	O
he	O
used	O
on	O
his	O
phone	O
,	O
even	O
while	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
app	O
was	O
closed	O
,	O
what	O
other	O
web	O
sites	O
he	O
visited	O
on	O
his	O
phone	O
,	O
and	O
what	O
in-store	O
purchases	O
he	O
made	O
from	O
affiliated	O
businesses	O
,	O
even	O
while	O
his	O
phone	O
was	O
completely	O
off	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2021	O
,	O
a	O
report	O
was	O
published	O
by	O
Fairplay	O
,	O
Global	O
Action	O
Plan	O
and	O
Reset	O
Australia	O
detailing	O
accusations	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
continuing	O
to	O
manage	O
their	O
ad	O
targeting	O
system	O
with	O
data	O
collected	O
from	O
teen	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
accusations	O
follow	O
announcements	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
in	O
July	O
2021	O
that	O
they	O
would	O
cease	O
ad	O
targeting	O
children	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
apologies	O
have	O
appeared	O
in	O
newspapers	O
,	O
television	O
,	O
blog	O
posts	O
and	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Zuckerberg	O
issued	O
a	O
verbal	O
apology	O
on	O
CNN	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Previously	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
its	O
privacy	O
settings	O
spread	O
out	O
over	O
20	O
pages	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
now	O
put	O
all	O
of	O
its	O
privacy	O
settings	O
on	O
one	O
page	O
,	O
which	O
makes	O
it	O
more	O
difficult	O
for	O
third-party	O
apps	O
to	O
access	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
personal	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
publicly	O
apologizing	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
said	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
reviewing	O
and	O
auditing	O
thousands	O
of	O
apps	O
that	O
display	O
"	O
suspicious	O
activities	O
"	O
in	O
an	O
effort	O
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
this	O
breach	O
of	O
privacy	O
does	O
not	O
happen	O
again	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2017	O
,	O
a	O
former	O
Facebook	B-Application
executive	O
went	O
on	O
the	O
record	O
to	O
discuss	O
how	O
social	O
media	O
platforms	O
have	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
unraveling	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
fabric	O
of	O
society	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
relies	O
on	O
its	O
users	O
to	O
generate	O
the	O
content	O
that	O
bonds	O
its	O
users	O
to	O
the	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
been	O
criticized	O
as	O
a	O
vector	O
for	O
fake	O
news	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
accused	O
of	O
bearing	O
responsibility	O
for	O
the	O
conspiracy	O
theory	O
that	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
created	O
ISIS	B-Operating_System
,	O
false	O
anti-Rohingya	O
posts	O
being	O
used	O
by	O
Myanmar	O
's	O
military	O
to	O
fuel	O
genocide	B-Protocol
and	O
ethnic	O
cleansing	O
,	O
enabling	O
climate	O
change	O
denial	O
and	O
Sandy	O
Hook	O
Elementary	O
School	O
shooting	O
conspiracy	O
theorists	O
,	O
and	O
anti-refugee	O
attacks	O
in	O
Germany	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
government	O
of	O
the	O
Philippines	O
has	O
also	O
used	O
Facebook	B-Application
as	O
a	O
tool	O
to	O
attack	O
its	O
critics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2017	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
partnered	O
with	O
fact	O
checkers	O
from	O
the	O
Poynter	O
Institute	O
's	O
International	O
Fact-Checking	O
Network	O
to	O
identify	O
and	O
mark	O
false	O
content	O
,	O
though	O
most	O
ads	O
from	O
political	O
candidates	O
are	O
exempt	O
from	O
this	O
program	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2018	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
over	O
40	O
fact-checking	O
partners	O
across	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
including	O
The	O
Weekly	O
Standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Critics	O
of	O
the	O
program	O
have	O
accused	O
Facebook	B-Application
of	O
not	O
doing	O
enough	O
to	O
remove	O
false	O
information	O
from	O
its	O
website	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
repeatedly	O
amended	O
its	O
content	O
policies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
stated	O
that	O
content	O
that	O
receives	O
"	O
false	O
"	O
ratings	O
from	O
its	O
fact-checkers	O
can	O
be	O
demonetized	O
and	O
suffer	O
dramatically	O
reduced	O
distribution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Specific	O
posts	O
and	O
videos	O
that	O
violate	O
community	O
standards	O
can	O
be	O
removed	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
banned	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
"	O
dangerous	O
"	O
commentators	O
from	O
its	O
platform	O
,	O
including	O
Alex	O
Jones	O
,	O
Louis	O
Farrakhan	O
,	O
Milo	O
Yiannopoulos	O
,	O
Paul	O
Joseph	O
Watson	O
,	O
Paul	O
Nehlen	O
,	O
David	O
Duke	O
,	O
and	O
Laura	O
Loomer	O
,	O
for	O
allegedly	O
engaging	O
in	O
"	O
violence	O
and	O
hate	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
agreed	O
to	O
a	O
preliminary	O
settlement	O
of	O
$52million	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
to	O
compensate	O
U.S.-based	O
Facebook	B-Application
content	O
moderators	O
for	O
their	O
psychological	O
trauma	O
suffered	O
on	O
the	O
job	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2020	O
,	O
the	O
Government	O
of	O
Thailand	O
utilized	O
the	O
Computer	O
Crime	O
Act	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
to	O
take	O
action	O
against	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Twitter	B-Application
for	O
ignoring	O
requests	O
to	O
take	O
down	O
content	O
and	O
not	O
complying	O
with	O
court	O
orders	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Professor	O
Ilya	O
Somin	O
reported	O
that	O
he	O
had	O
been	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
death	O
threats	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
in	O
April	O
2018	O
from	O
Cesar	O
Sayoc	O
,	O
who	O
threatened	O
to	O
kill	O
Somin	O
and	O
his	O
family	O
and	O
"	O
feed	O
the	O
bodies	O
to	O
Florida	O
alligators	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Somin	O
's	O
Facebook	B-Application
friends	O
reported	O
the	O
comments	O
to	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
which	O
did	O
nothing	O
except	O
dispatch	O
automated	O
messages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Force	O
v	O
.	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
Inc.	O
,	O
934	O
F.3d	O
53	O
(	O
2nd	O
Cir	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2019	O
)	O
was	O
a	O
case	O
that	O
alleged	O
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
profiting	O
off	O
recommendations	O
for	O
Hamas	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2020	O
,	O
Pakistani	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Imran	O
Khan	O
urged	O
Mark	O
Zuckerberg	O
,	O
through	O
a	O
letter	O
posted	O
on	O
government	O
's	O
Twitter	B-Application
account	I-Application
,	O
to	O
ban	O
Islamophobic	O
content	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
warning	O
that	O
it	O
encouraged	O
extremism	O
and	O
violence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2022	O
,	O
Media	O
Matters	O
for	O
America	O
published	O
a	O
report	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Instagram	B-Application
were	O
still	O
profiting	O
off	O
advertisements	O
using	O
the	O
slur	O
"	O
groomer	O
"	O
for	O
LGBT	O
people	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
ads	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Instagram	B-Application
containing	O
sexually	O
explicit	O
content	O
,	O
descriptions	O
of	O
graphic	O
violence	O
and	O
content	O
promoting	O
acts	O
of	O
self	O
harm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
criticized	O
for	O
allowing	O
InfoWars	O
to	O
publish	O
falsehoods	O
and	O
conspiracy	O
theories	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
defended	O
its	O
actions	O
in	O
regards	O
to	O
InfoWars	O
,	O
saying	O
"	O
we	O
just	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
banning	O
Pages	O
for	O
sharing	O
conspiracy	O
theories	O
or	O
false	O
news	O
is	O
the	O
right	O
way	O
to	O
go.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
provided	O
only	O
six	O
cases	O
in	O
which	O
it	O
fact-checked	O
content	O
on	O
the	O
InfoWars	O
page	O
over	O
the	O
period	O
September	O
2017	O
to	O
July	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
pledged	O
to	O
remove	O
InfoWars	O
content	O
making	O
the	O
claim	O
,	O
although	O
InfoWars	O
videos	O
pushing	O
the	O
false	O
claims	O
were	O
left	O
up	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
been	O
contacted	O
about	O
the	O
videos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
stated	O
that	O
the	O
videos	O
never	O
explicitly	O
called	O
them	O
actors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
also	O
allowed	O
InfoWars	O
videos	O
that	O
shared	O
the	O
Pizzagate	O
conspiracy	O
theory	O
to	O
survive	O
,	O
despite	O
specific	O
assertions	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
purge	O
Pizzagate	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
late	O
July	O
2018	O
Facebook	B-Application
suspended	O
the	O
personal	O
profile	O
of	O
InfoWars	O
head	O
Alex	O
Jones	O
for	O
30	O
days	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
August	O
2018	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
banned	O
the	O
four	O
most	O
active	O
InfoWars-related	O
pages	O
for	O
hate	O
speech	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
dominant	O
social-web	O
service	O
with	O
massive	O
outreach	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
have	O
been	O
used	O
by	O
identified	O
or	O
unidentified	O
political	O
operatives	O
to	O
affect	O
public	O
opinion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2021	O
,	O
former	O
Facebook	B-Application
analyst	O
within	O
the	O
Spam	O
and	O
Fake	O
Engagement	O
teams	O
,	O
Sophie	O
Zhang	O
,	O
reported	O
more	O
than	O
25	O
political	O
subversion	O
operations	O
and	O
criticized	O
the	O
general	O
slow	O
reaction	O
time	O
,	O
oversightless	O
,	O
laissez-faire	O
attitude	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
stated	O
that	O
during	O
2018	O
they	O
had	O
identified	O
"	O
coordinated	O
inauthentic	O
behavior	O
"	O
in	O
"	O
many	O
Pages	O
,	O
Groups	O
and	O
accounts	O
created	O
to	O
stir	O
up	O
political	O
debate	O
,	O
including	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
,	O
the	O
Middle	O
East	O
,	O
Russia	O
and	O
the	O
UK.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
propaganda	O
efforts	O
utilize	O
"	O
mass	O
messaging	O
"	O
and	O
the	O
"	O
pushing	O
 [ of ] 	O
stories	O
"	O
via	O
social	O
media	O
sites	O
like	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Israel	O
's	O
Jewish	O
Internet	O
Defense	O
Force	O
,	O
China	O
's	O
50	O
Cent	O
Party	O
and	O
Turkey	O
's	O
AK	O
Trolls	O
also	O
focus	O
their	O
attention	O
on	O
social	O
media	O
platforms	O
like	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2018	O
,	O
The	O
Daily	O
Telegraph	O
reported	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
"	O
banned	O
hundreds	O
of	O
pages	O
and	O
accounts	O
that	O
it	O
says	O
were	O
fraudulently	O
flooding	O
its	O
site	O
with	O
partisan	O
political	O
content	O
–	O
although	O
they	O
came	O
from	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
instead	O
of	O
being	O
associated	O
with	O
Russia.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2018	O
,	O
The	O
Washington	O
Post	O
reported	O
that	O
"	O
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
suspended	O
the	O
account	O
of	O
Jonathon	O
Morgan	O
,	O
the	O
chief	O
executive	O
of	O
a	O
top	O
social	O
media	O
research	O
firm	O
"	O
New	O
Knowledge	O
,	O
"	O
after	O
reports	O
that	O
he	O
and	O
others	O
engaged	O
in	O
an	O
operation	O
to	O
spread	O
disinformation	O
"	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Twitter	B-Application
during	O
the	O
2017	O
United	O
States	O
Senate	O
special	O
election	O
in	O
Alabama	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
said	O
it	O
has	O
removed	O
783	O
Iran-linked	O
accounts	O
,	O
pages	O
and	O
groups	O
for	O
engaging	O
in	O
what	O
it	O
called	O
"	O
coordinated	O
inauthentic	O
behaviour	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2019	O
,	O
Tel	O
Aviv-based	O
private	O
intelligence	O
agency	O
Archimedes	O
Group	O
was	O
banned	O
from	O
Facebook	B-Application
for	O
"	O
coordinated	O
inauthentic	O
behavior	O
"	O
after	O
Facebook	B-Application
found	O
fake	O
users	O
in	O
countries	O
in	O
sub-Saharan	O
Africa	O
,	O
Latin	O
America	O
and	O
Southeast	O
Asia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
investigations	O
revealed	O
that	O
Archimedes	O
had	O
spent	O
some	O
$1.1	O
million	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
on	O
fake	O
ads	O
,	O
paid	O
for	O
in	O
Brazilian	O
reais	O
,	O
Israeli	O
shekels	O
and	O
US	O
dollars	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
gave	O
examples	O
of	O
Archimedes	O
Group	O
political	O
interference	O
in	O
Nigeria	O
,	O
Senegal	O
,	O
Togo	O
,	O
Angola	O
,	O
Niger	O
and	O
Tunisia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
May	O
23	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
released	O
its	O
Community	O
Standards	O
Enforcement	O
Report	O
highlighting	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
identified	O
several	O
fake	O
accounts	O
through	O
artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
and	O
human	O
monitoring	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
advanced	O
its	O
measures	O
to	O
counter	O
deceptive	O
political	O
propaganda	O
and	O
other	O
abuse	O
of	O
its	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
Russia	O
's	O
invasion	O
of	O
Ukraine	O
in	O
February	O
2022	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
announced	O
that	O
the	O
internet	O
regulatory	O
committee	O
would	O
block	O
access	O
to	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
30	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
deleted	O
several	O
accounts	O
of	O
the	O
employees	O
working	O
at	O
the	O
Israeli	O
NSO	O
Group	O
,	O
stating	O
that	O
the	O
accounts	O
were	O
"	O
deleted	O
for	O
not	O
following	O
our	O
terms	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
deletions	O
came	O
after	O
WhatsApp	B-Application
sued	O
the	O
Israeli	O
surveillance	O
firm	O
for	O
targeting	O
1,400	O
devices	O
with	O
spyware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
helped	O
found	O
American	O
Edge	O
,	O
an	O
anti-regulation	O
lobbying	O
firm	O
to	O
fight	O
anti-trust	O
probes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Thailand	O
government	O
is	O
forcing	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
take	O
down	O
a	O
Facebook	B-Application
group	O
called	O
Royalist	O
Marketplace	O
with	O
1	O
million	O
members	O
following	O
potentially	O
illegal	O
posts	O
shared	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
authorities	O
have	O
also	O
threatened	O
Facebook	B-Application
with	O
legal	O
action	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
response	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
is	O
planning	O
to	O
take	O
legal	O
action	O
against	O
the	O
Thai	O
government	O
for	O
suppression	O
of	O
freedom	O
of	O
expression	O
and	O
violation	O
of	O
human	O
rights	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2021	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
removed	O
the	O
main	O
page	O
of	O
the	O
Myanmar	O
military	O
,	O
after	O
two	O
protesters	O
were	O
shot	O
and	O
killed	O
during	O
the	O
anti-coup	O
protests	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
said	O
that	O
the	O
page	O
breached	O
its	O
guidelines	O
that	O
prohibit	O
the	O
incitement	O
of	O
violence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
25	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
to	O
ban	O
all	O
accounts	O
of	O
the	O
Myanmar	O
military	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
"	O
Tatmadaw-linked	O
commercial	O
entities	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Citing	O
the	O
"	O
exceptionally	O
severe	O
human	O
rights	O
abuses	O
and	O
the	O
clear	O
risk	O
of	O
future	O
military-initiated	O
violence	O
in	O
Myanmar	O
"	O
,	O
the	O
tech	O
giant	O
also	O
implemented	O
the	O
move	O
on	O
its	O
subsidiary	O
,	O
Instagram	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2021	O
,	O
The	O
Wall	O
Street	O
Journal	O
editorial	O
board	O
criticized	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
decision	O
to	O
fact-check	O
its	O
op-ed	O
titled	O
"	O
We	O
'll	O
Have	O
Herd	O
immunity	O
by	O
April	O
"	O
written	O
by	O
surgeon	O
Marty	O
Makary	O
,	O
calling	O
it	O
"	O
counter-opinion	O
masquerading	O
as	O
fact	O
checking.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
guidelines	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
call	O
for	O
the	O
death	O
of	O
public	O
figures	O
,	O
they	O
also	O
allow	O
praise	O
of	O
mass	O
killers	O
and	O
'	O
violent	O
non-state	O
actors	O
 '	O
in	O
some	O
situations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2021	O
,	O
former	O
Facebook	B-Application
analyst	O
within	O
the	O
Spam	O
and	O
Fake	O
Engagement	O
teams	O
,	O
Sophie	O
Zhang	O
,	O
reported	O
on	O
more	O
than	O
25	O
political	O
subversion	O
operations	O
she	O
uncovered	O
while	O
in	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
general	O
laissez-faire	O
by	O
the	O
private	O
enterprise	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2021	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
cited	O
as	O
playing	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
fomenting	O
of	O
the	O
2021	O
United	O
States	O
Capitol	O
attack	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mueller	O
contacted	O
Facebook	B-Application
subsequently	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
disclosure	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
sold	O
more	O
than	O
$	O
100,000	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
worth	O
of	O
ads	O
to	O
a	O
company	O
(	O
Internet	O
Research	O
Agency	O
,	O
owned	O
by	O
Russian	O
billionaire	O
and	O
businessman	O
Yevgeniy	O
Prigozhin	O
)	O
with	O
links	O
to	O
the	O
Russian	O
intelligence	O
community	O
before	O
the	O
2016	O
United	O
States	O
presidential	O
election	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2017	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
chief	O
security	O
officer	O
Alex	O
Stamos	O
wrote	O
the	O
company	O
"	O
found	O
approximately	O
$	O
100,000	O
in	O
ad	O
spending	O
from	O
June	O
2015	O
to	O
May	O
2017	O
–	O
associated	O
with	O
roughly	O
3,000	O
ads	O
–	O
that	O
was	O
connected	O
to	O
about	O
470	O
inauthentic	O
accounts	O
and	O
Pages	O
in	O
violation	O
of	O
our	O
policies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Clinton	O
and	O
Trump	O
campaigns	O
spent	O
$81million	O
( $	O
in	O
dollars	O
)	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
ads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Members	O
of	O
the	O
House	O
and	O
Senate	O
Intelligence	O
Committees	O
have	O
claimed	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
had	O
withheld	O
information	O
that	O
could	O
illuminate	O
the	O
Russian	O
propaganda	O
campaign	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Russian	O
operatives	O
have	O
used	O
Facebook	B-Application
polarize	O
the	O
American	O
public	O
discourses	O
,	O
organizing	O
both	O
Black	O
Lives	O
Matter	O
rallies	O
and	O
anti-immigrant	O
rallies	O
on	O
U.S.	O
soil	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
anti-Clinton	O
rallies	O
and	O
rallies	O
both	O
for	O
and	O
against	O
Donald	O
Trump	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
ads	O
have	O
also	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
exploit	O
divisions	O
over	O
black	O
political	O
activism	O
and	O
Muslims	O
by	O
simultaneously	O
sending	O
contrary	O
messages	O
to	O
different	O
users	O
based	O
on	O
their	O
political	O
and	O
demographic	O
characteristics	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
sow	O
discord	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Russian-American	O
billionaire	O
Yuri	O
Milner	O
,	O
who	O
befriended	O
Zuckerberg	O
between	O
2009	O
and	O
2011	O
had	O
Kremlin	O
backing	O
for	O
his	O
investments	O
in	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Twitter	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2019	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
removed	O
289	O
pages	O
and	O
75	O
coordinated	O
accounts	O
linked	O
to	O
the	O
Russian	O
state-owned	O
news	O
agency	O
Sputnik	O
which	O
had	O
misrepresented	O
themselves	O
as	O
independent	O
news	O
or	O
general	O
interest	O
pages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
later	O
identified	O
and	O
removed	O
an	O
additional	O
1,907	O
accounts	O
linked	O
to	O
Russia	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
engaging	O
in	O
"	O
coordinated	O
inauthentic	O
behaviour	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
a	O
UK	O
Department	O
for	O
Digital	O
,	O
Culture	O
,	O
Media	O
and	O
Sport	O
(	O
DCMS	O
)	O
select	O
committee	O
report	O
had	O
criticised	O
Facebook	B-Application
for	O
its	O
reluctance	O
to	O
investigate	O
abuse	O
of	O
its	O
platform	O
by	O
the	O
Russian	O
government	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
downplaying	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
,	O
referring	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
as	O
'	O
digital	O
gangsters	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Democracy	O
is	O
at	O
risk	O
from	O
the	O
malicious	O
and	O
relentless	O
targeting	O
of	O
citizens	O
with	O
disinformation	O
and	O
personalised	O
'	O
dark	O
adverts	O
 '	O
from	O
unidentifiable	O
sources	O
,	O
delivered	O
through	O
the	O
major	O
social	O
media	O
platforms	O
we	O
use	O
every	O
day	O
,	O
"	O
Damian	O
Collins	O
,	O
DCMS	O
Committee	O
ChairIn	O
February	O
2019	O
,	O
Glenn	O
Greenwald	O
wrote	O
that	O
a	O
cybersecurity	O
company	O
New	O
Knowledge	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
behind	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
Senate	O
reports	O
on	O
Russian	O
social	O
media	O
election	O
interference	O
,	O
"	O
was	O
caught	O
just	O
six	O
weeks	O
ago	O
engaging	O
in	O
a	O
massive	O
scam	O
to	O
create	O
fictitious	O
Russian	O
troll	O
accounts	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Twitter	B-Application
in	O
order	O
to	O
claim	O
that	O
the	O
Kremlin	O
was	O
working	O
to	O
defeat	O
Democratic	O
Senate	O
nominee	O
Doug	O
Jones	O
in	O
Alabama	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
took	O
down	O
536	O
Facebook	B-Application
pages	O
,	O
17	O
Facebook	B-Application
groups	O
,	O
175	O
Facebook	B-Application
accounts	O
,	O
and	O
16	O
Instagram	B-Application
accounts	O
linked	O
to	O
the	O
Myanmar	O
military	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
2019	O
book	O
titled	O
The	O
Real	O
Face	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
in	O
India	O
,	O
co-authored	O
by	O
the	O
journalists	O
Paranjoy	O
Guha	O
Thakurta	O
and	O
Cyril	O
Sam	O
,	O
alleged	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
helped	O
enable	O
and	O
benefited	O
from	O
the	O
rise	O
of	O
Narendra	O
Modi	O
's	O
Hindu	O
nationalist	O
Bharatiya	O
Janata	O
Party	O
(	O
BJP	O
)	O
in	O
India	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ankhi	O
Das	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
policy	O
director	O
for	O
India	O
and	O
South	O
and	O
Central	O
Asia	O
,	O
apologized	O
publicly	O
in	O
August	O
2020	O
for	O
sharing	O
a	O
Facebook	B-Application
post	I-Application
that	O
called	O
Muslims	O
in	O
India	O
a	O
"	O
degenerate	O
community	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
She	O
is	O
reported	O
to	O
have	O
prevented	O
action	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
against	O
anti-Muslim	O
content	O
and	O
supported	O
the	O
BJP	O
in	O
internal	O
Facebook	B-Application
messages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
executives	O
overrode	O
their	O
employees	O
 '	O
recommendations	O
that	O
the	O
BJP	O
politician	O
T	O
.	O
Raja	O
Singh	O
should	O
be	O
banned	O
from	O
the	O
site	O
for	O
hate	O
speech	O
and	O
rhetoric	O
that	O
could	O
lead	O
to	O
violence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Singh	O
had	O
said	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
that	O
Rohingya	O
Muslim	O
immigrants	O
should	O
be	O
shot	O
and	O
had	O
threatened	O
to	O
destroy	O
mosques	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Current	O
and	O
former	O
Facebook	B-Application
employees	O
told	O
The	O
Wall	O
Street	O
Journal	O
that	O
the	O
decision	O
was	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
pattern	O
of	O
favoritism	O
by	O
Facebook	B-Application
toward	O
the	O
BJP	O
as	O
it	O
seeks	O
more	O
business	O
in	O
India	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
also	O
took	O
no	O
action	O
after	O
BJP	O
politicians	O
made	O
posts	O
accusing	O
Muslims	O
of	O
intentionally	O
spreading	O
COVID-19	O
,	O
an	O
employee	O
said	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
31	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
the	O
Delhi	O
Assembly	O
began	O
investigating	O
whether	O
Facebook	B-Application
bore	O
blame	O
for	O
the	O
2020	O
religious	O
riots	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
,	O
claiming	O
it	O
had	O
found	O
Facebook	B-Application
"	O
prima	O
facie	O
guilty	O
of	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
violence	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
12	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
a	O
Delhi	O
Assembly	O
committee	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
asked	O
Facebook	B-Application
India	O
head	O
Ajit	O
Mohan	O
to	O
appear	O
before	O
it	O
on	O
September	O
15	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
Facebook	B-Application
objecting	O
and	O
moving	O
the	O
Supreme	O
Court	O
of	O
India	O
against	O
the	O
decision	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
15	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
skipped	O
the	O
Delhi	O
Assembly	O
panel	O
hearing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
20	O
,	O
the	O
Delhi	O
Assembly	O
panel	O
issued	O
a	O
new	O
notice	O
asking	O
Facebook	B-Application
to	O
appear	O
before	O
it	O
on	O
September	O
23	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
22	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
India	O
vice-president	O
and	O
managing	O
director	O
Ajit	O
Mohan	O
moved	O
the	O
Supreme	O
Court	O
against	O
the	O
summons	O
of	O
the	O
Delhi	O
Assembly	O
Committee	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
former	O
Facebook	B-Application
employee	O
told	O
a	O
Delhi	O
Assembly	O
panel	O
on	O
November	O
13	O
that	O
the	O
violence	O
could	O
have	O
been	O
'	O
easily	O
averted	O
 '	O
if	O
the	O
social	O
media	O
giant	O
had	O
acted	O
in	O
a	O
'	O
proactive	O
and	O
prompt	O
manner	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
4	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
the	O
Delhi	O
Assembly	O
panel	O
issued	O
a	O
fresh	O
notice	O
to	O
Facebook	B-Application
India	O
to	O
testify	O
on	O
the	O
riots	O
,	O
avoiding	O
specific	O
notice	O
to	O
Mohan	O
,	O
by	O
asking	O
a	O
senior	O
,	O
responsible	O
officer	O
from	O
the	O
company	O
to	O
appear	O
before	O
the	O
panel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Union	O
government	O
submitted	O
in	O
the	O
Supreme	O
Court	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
could	O
not	O
be	O
made	O
accountable	O
before	O
any	O
state	O
assembly	O
and	O
the	O
committee	O
formed	O
was	O
unconstitutional	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
8	O
,	O
the	O
Supreme	O
Court	O
refused	O
to	O
quash	O
the	O
summons	O
and	O
asked	O
Facebook	B-Application
asked	O
to	O
appear	O
before	O
the	O
Delhi	O
assembly	O
panel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Early	O
Facebook	B-Application
investor	O
and	O
former	O
Zuckerberg	O
mentor	O
Roger	O
McNamee	O
described	O
Facebook	B-Application
as	O
having	O
"	O
the	O
most	O
centralized	O
decision-making	O
structure	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
encountered	O
in	O
a	O
large	O
company.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Nathan	O
Schneider	O
,	O
a	O
professor	O
of	O
media	O
studies	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Colorado	O
Boulder	O
argued	O
for	O
transforming	O
Facebook	B-Application
into	O
a	O
platform	O
cooperative	O
owned	O
and	O
governed	O
by	O
the	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
co-founder	O
Chris	O
Hughes	O
states	O
that	O
CEO	O
Mark	O
Zuckerberg	O
has	O
too	O
much	O
power	O
,	O
that	O
the	O
company	O
is	O
now	O
a	O
monopoly	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
split	O
into	O
multiple	O
smaller	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hughes	O
called	O
for	O
the	O
breakup	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
in	O
an	O
op-ed	O
on	O
The	O
New	O
York	O
Times	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
EU	O
Commissioner	O
for	O
Competition	O
Margrethe	O
Vestager	O
has	O
stated	O
that	O
splitting	O
Facebook	B-Application
should	O
only	O
be	O
done	O
as	O
"	O
a	O
remedy	O
of	O
the	O
very	O
last	O
resort	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
splitting	O
Facebook	B-Application
would	O
not	O
solve	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
underlying	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
March	O
6	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
BlackBerry	O
sued	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
its	O
Instagram	B-Application
and	O
WhatsApp	B-Application
subdivision	O
for	O
ripping	O
off	O
key	O
features	O
of	O
its	O
messaging	B-Application
app	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2018	O
,	O
a	O
Texan	O
woman	O
sued	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
claiming	O
she	O
had	O
been	O
recruited	O
into	O
the	O
sex	O
trade	O
at	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
15	O
by	O
a	O
man	O
who	O
"	O
friended	O
"	O
her	O
on	O
the	O
social	O
media	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
responded	O
that	O
it	O
works	O
both	O
internally	O
and	O
externally	O
to	O
ban	O
sex	O
traffickers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2019	O
,	O
British	O
solicitors	O
representing	O
a	O
bullied	O
Syrian	O
schoolboy	O
,	O
sued	O
Facebook	B-Application
over	O
false	O
claims	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
claimed	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
protected	O
prominent	O
figures	O
from	O
scrutiny	O
instead	O
of	O
removing	O
content	O
that	O
violates	O
its	O
rules	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
special	O
treatment	O
was	O
financially	O
driven	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Federal	O
Trade	O
Commission	O
and	O
a	O
coalition	O
of	O
New	O
York	O
state	O
and	O
47	O
other	O
state	O
and	O
regional	O
governments	O
filed	O
separate	O
suits	O
against	O
Facebook	B-Application
on	O
December	O
9	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
seeking	O
antitrust	O
action	O
based	O
on	O
its	O
acquisitions	O
of	O
Instagram	B-Application
and	O
WhatsUp	O
among	O
other	O
companies	O
,	O
calling	O
these	O
practices	O
as	O
anticompetitive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
suits	O
,	O
besides	O
other	O
fines	O
,	O
seek	O
to	O
unwind	O
the	O
acquisitions	O
from	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
6	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
France	O
's	O
data	O
privacy	O
regulatory	O
body	O
CNIL	O
fined	O
Facebook	B-Application
a	O
60	O
million	O
euros	O
for	O
not	O
allowing	O
its	O
internet	O
users	O
an	O
easy	O
refusal	O
of	O
cookies	B-Application
along	O
with	O
Google	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
On	O
December	O
22	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
the	O
Quebec	O
Court	O
of	O
Appeal	O
approved	O
a	O
class-action	O
lawsuit	O
on	O
behalf	O
of	O
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
who	O
claim	O
they	O
were	O
discriminated	O
against	O
because	O
the	O
platform	O
allows	O
advertisers	O
to	O
target	O
both	O
job	O
and	O
housing	O
advertisements	O
based	O
on	O
various	O
factors	O
,	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
gender	O
,	O
and	O
even	O
race	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
60	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
court	O
’s	O
December	O
22nd	O
ruling	O
to	O
decide	O
to	O
appeal	O
the	O
case	O
to	O
the	O
Supreme	O
Court	O
of	O
Canada	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2022	O
,	O
a	O
BBC	O
News	O
researcher	O
posing	O
as	O
a	O
13-year-old	O
girl	O
witnessed	O
grooming	O
,	O
sexual	O
material	O
,	O
racist	O
insults	O
and	O
a	O
rape	O
threat	O
on	O
the	O
VRChat	B-Protocol
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
BBC	O
researcher	O
downloaded	O
VRChat	B-Protocol
from	O
an	O
app	O
store	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
Meta	O
Quest	O
headset	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
age	O
verification	O
checks	O
–	O
the	O
only	O
requirement	O
being	O
a	O
Facebook	B-Application
account	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
Oculus	B-Application
has	O
a	O
form	O
where	O
users	O
can	O
report	O
abuse	O
,	O
the	O
Center	O
for	O
Countering	O
Digital	O
Hate	O
claims	O
Meta	O
rarely	O
takes	O
them	O
seriously	O
,	O
reporting	O
100	O
policy	O
violations	O
on	O
Oculus	B-Application
,	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
receive	O
a	O
response	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
commentator	O
in	O
The	O
Washington	O
Post	O
noted	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
constitutes	O
a	O
"	O
massive	O
depository	O
of	O
information	O
that	O
documents	O
both	O
our	O
reactions	O
to	O
events	O
and	O
our	O
evolving	O
customs	O
with	O
a	O
scope	O
and	O
immediacy	O
of	O
which	O
earlier	O
historians	O
could	O
only	O
dream	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Economists	O
have	O
noted	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
offers	O
many	O
non-rivalrous	O
services	O
that	O
benefit	O
as	O
many	O
users	O
as	O
are	O
interested	O
without	O
forcing	O
users	O
to	O
compete	O
with	O
each	O
other	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
began	O
to	O
reduce	O
its	O
carbon	O
impact	O
after	O
Greenpeace	O
attacked	O
it	O
for	O
its	O
long-term	O
reliance	O
on	O
coal	O
and	O
resulting	O
carbon	O
footprint	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2021	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
their	O
global	O
operations	O
are	O
supported	O
by	O
100	O
percent	O
renewable	O
energy	O
and	O
they	O
have	O
reached	O
net	O
zero	O
emissions	O
,	O
a	O
goal	O
set	O
in	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
provides	O
a	O
development	O
platform	O
for	O
many	O
social	O
gaming	O
,	O
communication	O
,	O
feedback	O
,	O
review	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
applications	B-Application
related	O
to	O
online	O
activities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
econometric	O
analysis	O
found	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
app	O
development	O
platform	O
added	O
more	O
than	O
182,000	O
jobs	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
economy	O
in	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
large-scale	O
social	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
The	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
Effect	O
,	O
David	O
Kirkpatrick	O
stated	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
structure	O
makes	O
it	O
difficult	O
to	O
replace	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
"	O
network	O
effects	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2016	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
estimated	O
that	O
44	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
population	O
gets	O
news	O
through	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Studies	O
have	O
associated	O
Facebook	B-Application
with	O
feelings	O
of	O
envy	O
,	O
often	O
triggered	O
by	O
vacation	O
and	O
holiday	O
photos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
joint	O
study	O
by	O
two	O
German	O
universities	O
discovered	O
that	O
one	O
out	O
of	O
three	O
people	O
were	O
more	O
dissatisfied	O
with	O
their	O
lives	O
after	O
visiting	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
and	O
another	O
study	O
by	O
Utah	O
Valley	O
University	O
found	O
that	O
college	O
students	O
felt	O
worse	O
about	O
themselves	O
following	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
time	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Professor	O
Larry	O
D	O
.	O
Rosen	O
stated	O
that	O
teenagers	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
exhibit	O
more	O
narcissistic	O
tendencies	O
,	O
while	O
young	O
adults	O
show	O
signs	O
of	O
antisocial	O
behavior	O
,	O
mania	O
and	O
aggressiveness	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Positive	O
effects	O
include	O
signs	O
of	O
"	O
virtual	B-Application
empathy	O
"	O
with	O
online	O
friends	O
and	O
helping	O
introverted	O
persons	O
learn	O
social	O
skills	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
2020	O
experimental	O
study	O
in	O
the	O
American	O
Economic	O
Review	O
found	O
that	O
deactivating	O
Facebook	B-Application
led	O
to	O
increased	O
subjective	O
well-being	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
blog	O
post	O
in	O
December	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
highlighted	O
research	O
that	O
has	O
shown	O
"	O
passively	O
consuming	O
"	O
the	O
News	B-Application
Feed	I-Application
,	O
as	O
in	O
reading	O
but	O
not	O
interacting	O
,	O
left	O
users	O
with	O
negative	O
feelings	O
,	O
whereas	O
interacting	O
with	O
messages	O
pointed	O
to	O
improvements	O
in	O
well-being	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2008	O
,	O
a	O
Facebook	B-Application
group	O
called	O
"	O
One	O
Million	O
Voices	O
Against	O
FARC	O
"	O
organized	O
an	O
event	O
in	O
which	O
hundreds	O
of	O
thousands	O
of	O
Colombians	O
marched	O
in	O
protest	O
against	O
the	O
Revolutionary	O
Armed	O
Forces	O
of	O
Colombia	O
(	O
FARC	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2010	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
North	O
Korea	O
's	O
official	O
government	O
websites	O
and	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
official	O
news	O
agency	O
,	O
Uriminzokkiri	O
,	O
joined	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
Arab	O
Spring	O
many	O
journalists	O
claimed	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
played	O
a	O
major	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
2011	O
Egyptian	O
revolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
January	O
14	O
,	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
page	O
of	O
"	O
We	O
are	O
all	O
Khaled	O
Said	O
"	O
was	O
started	O
by	O
Wael	O
Ghoniem	O
to	O
invite	O
the	O
Egyptian	O
people	O
to	O
"	O
peaceful	O
demonstrations	O
"	O
on	O
January	O
25	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Mashable	O
,	O
in	O
Tunisia	O
and	O
Egypt	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
became	O
the	O
primary	O
tool	O
for	O
connecting	O
protesters	O
and	O
led	O
the	O
Egyptian	O
government	O
to	O
ban	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
Twitter	B-Application
and	O
other	O
websites	O
on	O
January	O
26	O
then	O
ban	O
all	O
mobile	O
and	O
Internet	O
connections	O
for	O
all	O
of	O
Egypt	O
on	O
January	O
28	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
Bahraini	O
uprising	O
that	O
started	O
on	O
February	O
14	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
was	O
utilized	O
by	O
the	O
Bahraini	O
regime	O
and	O
regime	O
loyalists	O
to	O
identify	O
,	O
capture	O
and	O
prosecute	O
citizens	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
protests	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
20-year-old	O
woman	O
named	O
Ayat	O
Al	O
Qurmezi	O
was	O
identified	O
as	O
a	O
protester	O
using	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
imprisoned	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2011	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
filed	O
paperwork	O
with	O
the	O
Federal	O
Election	O
Commission	O
to	O
form	O
a	O
political	O
action	O
committee	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
FB	O
PAC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
an	O
email	O
to	O
The	O
Hill	O
,	O
a	O
spokesman	O
for	O
Facebook	B-Application
said	O
"	O
Facebook	B-Application
Political	O
Action	O
Committee	O
will	O
give	O
our	O
employees	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
make	O
their	O
voice	B-Application
heard	O
in	O
the	O
political	O
process	O
by	O
supporting	O
candidates	O
who	O
share	O
our	O
goals	O
of	O
promoting	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
innovation	O
to	O
our	O
economy	O
while	O
giving	O
people	O
the	O
power	O
to	O
share	O
and	O
make	O
the	O
world	O
more	O
open	O
and	O
connected.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
Syrian	O
civil	O
war	O
,	O
the	O
YPG	O
,	O
a	O
libertarian	O
army	O
for	O
Rojava	O
recruited	O
westerners	O
through	O
Facebook	B-Application
in	O
its	O
fight	O
against	O
ISIL	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
page	O
's	O
name	O
"	O
The	O
Lions	O
of	O
Rojava	O
"	O
comes	O
from	O
a	O
Kurdish	O
saying	O
which	O
translates	O
as	O
"	O
A	O
lion	O
is	O
a	O
lion	O
,	O
whether	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
female	O
or	O
a	O
male	O
"	O
,	O
reflecting	O
the	O
organization	O
's	O
feminist	O
ideology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
recent	O
years	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
's	O
News	B-Application
Feed	I-Application
algorithms	O
have	O
been	O
identified	O
as	O
a	O
cause	O
of	O
political	O
polarization	O
,	O
for	O
which	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
criticized	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
first	O
played	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
American	O
political	O
process	O
in	O
January	O
2008	O
,	O
shortly	O
before	O
the	O
New	O
Hampshire	O
primary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
teamed	O
up	O
with	O
ABC	O
and	O
Saint	O
Anselm	O
College	O
to	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
give	O
live	O
feedback	O
about	O
the	O
"	O
back	O
to	O
back	O
"	O
January	O
5	O
Republican	O
and	O
Democratic	O
debates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
took	O
part	O
in	O
debate	O
groups	O
on	O
specific	O
topics	O
,	O
voter	O
registration	O
and	O
message	O
questions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Over	O
a	O
million	O
people	O
installed	O
the	B-Application
Facebook	I-Application
application	O
"	O
US	O
Politics	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
"	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
take	O
part	O
which	O
measured	O
responses	O
to	O
specific	O
comments	O
made	O
by	O
the	O
debating	O
candidates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
poll	O
by	O
CBS	O
News	O
,	O
UWIRE	O
and	O
The	O
Chronicle	O
of	O
Higher	O
Education	O
claimed	O
to	O
illustrate	O
how	O
the	O
"	O
Facebook	B-Application
effect	O
"	O
had	O
affected	O
youthful	O
voters	O
,	O
increasing	O
voting	O
rates	O
,	O
support	O
of	O
political	O
candidates	O
,	O
and	O
general	O
involvement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
new	O
social	O
media	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Twitter	B-Application
,	O
connected	O
hundreds	O
of	O
millions	O
of	O
people	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
offered	O
the	O
most	O
sophisticated	O
targeting	O
and	O
analytics	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
used	O
several	O
initiatives	O
to	O
encourage	O
its	O
users	O
to	O
register	O
to	O
vote	O
and	O
vote	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
experiment	O
in	O
2012	O
involved	O
showing	O
Facebook	B-Application
users	I-Application
pictures	O
of	O
their	O
friends	O
who	O
reported	O
that	O
they	O
had	O
voted	O
;	O
users	O
who	O
were	O
shown	O
the	O
pictures	O
were	O
about	O
2%	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
report	O
that	O
they	O
had	O
also	O
voted	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
not	O
encouraged	O
to	O
vote	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2020	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
helping	O
four	O
million	O
voters	O
register	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
,	O
saying	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
registered	O
2.5million	O
by	O
September	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Guardian	O
claimed	O
that	O
Facebook	B-Application
knew	O
about	O
the	O
security	O
breach	O
for	O
two	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
nothing	O
to	O
stop	O
it	O
until	O
it	O
became	O
public	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
banned	O
political	O
ads	O
to	O
prevent	O
the	O
manipulation	O
of	O
voters	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
's	O
November	O
's	O
election	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ahead	O
of	O
the	O
2019	O
general	O
elections	O
in	O
India	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
has	O
removed	O
103	O
pages	O
,	O
groups	O
and	O
accounts	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Instagram	B-Application
platforms	O
originating	O
from	O
Pakistan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
said	O
its	O
investigation	O
found	O
a	O
Pakistani	O
military	O
link	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
a	O
mix	O
of	O
real	O
accounts	O
of	O
ISPR	O
employees	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
network	O
of	O
fake	O
accounts	O
created	O
by	O
them	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
operating	O
military	O
fan	O
pages	O
,	O
general	O
interest	O
pages	O
but	O
were	O
posting	O
content	O
about	O
Indian	O
politics	O
while	O
trying	O
to	O
conceal	O
their	O
identity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Owing	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
reasons	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
also	O
removed	O
687	O
pages	O
and	O
accounts	O
of	O
Congress	O
because	O
of	O
coordinated	O
inauthentic	O
behavior	O
on	O
the	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
and	O
Zuckerberg	O
have	O
been	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
music	O
,	O
books	O
,	O
film	O
and	O
television	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
Collins	O
English	O
Dictionary	O
declared	O
"	O
Facebook	B-Application
"	O
as	O
its	O
new	O
Word	O
of	O
the	O
Year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2009	O
,	O
the	O
New	O
Oxford	O
American	O
Dictionary	O
declared	O
its	O
word	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
verb	O
"	O
unfriend	O
"	O
,	O
defined	O
as	O
"	O
To	O
remove	O
someone	O
as	O
a	O
'	O
friend	O
 '	O
on	O
a	O
social	O
networking	O
site	O
such	O
as	O
Facebook	B-Application
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2013	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
founded	O
Internet.org	O
in	O
collaboration	O
with	O
six	O
other	O
technology	O
companies	O
to	O
plan	O
and	O
help	O
build	O
affordable	O
Internet	O
access	O
for	O
underdeveloped	O
and	O
developing	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
service	O
,	O
called	O
Free	O
Basics	O
,	O
includes	O
various	O
low-bandwidth	O
applications	B-Application
such	O
as	O
AccuWeather	O
,	O
BabyCenter	O
,	O
BBC	O
News	O
,	O
ESPN	O
,	O
and	O
Bing	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
announced	O
in	O
2021	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
make	O
an	O
effort	O
to	O
stop	O
disinformation	O
about	O
climate	O
change	O
.	O
</s>
