<s>
FASCINATOR	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
Type	O
1	O
encryption	O
modules	O
designed	O
in	O
the	O
late-1980s	O
to	O
be	O
installed	O
in	O
Motorola	O
digital-capable	O
voice	O
radios	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
radios	O
were	O
originally	O
built	O
to	O
accept	O
a	O
DES-based	O
encryption	O
module	O
that	O
was	O
not	O
approved	O
by	O
NSA	O
for	O
classified	O
communications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
FASCINATOR	B-General_Concept
modules	O
replaced	O
the	O
DES	B-Algorithm
units	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
classified	O
conversations	O
at	O
all	O
levels	O
when	O
used	O
with	O
appropriately	O
classified	O
keys	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FASCINATOR	B-General_Concept
operates	O
at	O
12	O
kbit/s	O
for	O
encryption	O
and	O
decryption	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
not	O
compatible	O
with	O
DES-based	O
voice	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NSA	O
originally	O
supplied	O
keys	O
for	O
FASCINATOR	B-General_Concept
on	O
paper	O
tape	O
for	O
loading	O
using	O
KOI-18	O
or	O
KYK-13	O
fill	O
devices	O
and	O
a	O
special	O
adaptor	O
box	O
and	O
cable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
standard	O
cryptoperiod	B-General_Concept
was	O
7	O
days	O
,	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
FASCINATOR	B-General_Concept
was	O
adopted	O
by	O
the	O
U.S	O
government	O
as	O
Federal	O
Standard	O
1023	O
,	O
which	O
establishes	O
interoperability	O
requirements	O
regarding	O
the	O
analog	O
to	O
digital	O
conversion	O
,	O
encryption	O
(	O
with	O
related	O
synchronization	O
)	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
Voice	O
is	O
digitized	O
using	O
12	O
kbit/s	O
continuously	B-Algorithm
variable	I-Algorithm
slope	I-Algorithm
delta	I-Algorithm
modulation	I-Algorithm
(	O
CVSD	B-Algorithm
)	O
and	O
then	O
encrypted	O
using	O
a	O
National	O
Security	O
Agency	O
(	O
NSA	O
)	O
Commercial	O
COMSEC	O
Endorsement	O
Program	O
(	O
CCEP	O
)	O
Type	O
1	O
encryption	O
algorithm	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
KY-57/58	O
.	O
</s>
