<s>
The	O
graphics	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
width	O
and	O
height	O
dimension	O
of	O
an	O
electronic	B-Device
visual	I-Device
display	I-Device
device	O
,	O
measured	O
in	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
information	O
is	O
used	O
for	O
electronic	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
computer	B-Device
monitor	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
by	O
VESA	B-Device
)	O
and	O
typically	O
given	O
a	O
name	O
and	O
an	O
initialism	O
that	O
is	O
descriptive	O
of	O
its	O
dimensions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
graphics	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
tandem	O
with	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	O
display	O
to	O
calculate	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
density	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
density	I-Algorithm
often	O
correlates	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
individual	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
on	O
a	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
+	O
Display	O
width	O
(	O
px	O
)	O
Height	O
(	O
px	O
)	O
Display	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
followed	O
by	O
standard	O
classification	O
if	O
availableVESA	O
CVT	O
1.2	O
from	O
2003	O
recommends	O
only	O
4:3	O
,	O
16:9	O
and	O
16:10	O
(	O
8:5	O
)	O
aspect	B-Device
ratios	I-Device
for	O
newly	O
introduced	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolutions	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
discouraged	O
legacy	O
aspect	B-Device
ratios	I-Device
5:4	O
and	O
15:9	O
(	O
5:3	O
)	O
are	O
only	O
kept	O
for	O
SXGA	O
and	O
WXGA	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
VESA	B-Device
CVT	O
1.2	O
1.25	O
(	O
)	O
1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
favored	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
mass-market	O
display	O
industry	O
products	O
has	O
changed	O
gradually	O
from	O
4:3	O
,	O
then	O
to	O
16:10	O
,	O
then	O
to	O
16:9	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
now	O
changing	O
to	O
18:9	O
for	O
smartphones	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
generally	O
reflects	O
older	O
products	O
,	O
especially	O
the	O
era	O
of	O
the	O
cathode	B-Device
ray	I-Device
tube	I-Device
(	O
CRT	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
16:10	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
had	O
its	O
largest	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
1995	O
–	O
2010	O
period	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
tends	O
to	O
reflect	O
post-2010	O
mass-market	O
computer	B-Device
monitor	I-Device
,	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
entertainment	O
products	O
displays	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
CRTs	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
often	O
a	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
the	O
computer	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
and	O
the	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
the	O
display	O
causing	O
non-square	O
pixels	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
was	O
common	O
in	O
older	O
television	O
cathode	B-Device
ray	I-Device
tube	I-Device
(	O
CRT	O
)	O
displays	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
not	O
easily	O
adaptable	O
to	O
a	O
wider	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
good	O
quality	O
alternate	O
technologies	O
(	O
i.e.	O
,	O
liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
displays	I-Device
(	O
LCDs	B-Device
)	O
and	O
plasma	O
displays	O
)	O
became	O
more	O
available	O
and	O
less	O
costly	O
,	O
around	O
the	O
year	O
2000	O
,	O
the	O
common	O
computer	B-Device
displays	I-Device
and	O
entertainment	O
products	O
moved	O
to	O
a	O
wider	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
first	O
to	O
the	O
16:10	O
ratio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
16:10	O
ratio	O
allowed	O
some	O
compromise	O
between	O
showing	O
older	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
broadcast	O
TV	O
shows	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
allowing	O
better	O
viewing	O
of	O
widescreen	O
movies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
around	O
the	O
year	O
2005	O
,	O
home	O
entertainment	O
displays	O
(	O
i.e.	O
,	O
TV	O
sets	O
)	O
gradually	O
moved	O
from	O
16:10	O
to	O
the	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
for	O
further	O
improvement	O
of	O
viewing	O
widescreen	O
movies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
in	O
2013	O
,	O
displays	O
with	O
(	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
64:27	O
or	O
2.	O
,	O
however	O
commonly	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
"	O
21:9	O
"	O
for	O
easy	O
comparison	O
with	O
16:9	O
)	O
appeared	O
,	O
which	O
closely	O
approximate	O
the	O
common	O
CinemaScope	O
movie	O
standard	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
2.35	O
–	O
2.40	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2014	O
,	O
"	O
21:9	O
"	O
screens	O
with	O
pixel	B-General_Concept
dimensions	I-General_Concept
of	O
(	O
actual	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
43:18	O
or	O
2.3	O
)	O
became	O
available	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
computer	B-Device
display	I-Device
industry	O
maintained	O
the	O
16:10	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
longer	O
than	O
the	O
entertainment	O
industry	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
the	O
2005	O
–	O
2010	O
period	O
,	O
computers	O
were	O
increasingly	O
marketed	O
as	O
dual-use	O
products	O
,	O
with	O
uses	O
in	O
the	O
traditional	O
computer	O
applications	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
as	O
means	O
of	O
viewing	O
entertainment	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
time	O
frame	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
notable	O
exception	O
of	O
Apple	O
,	O
almost	O
all	O
desktop	O
,	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
display	O
manufacturers	O
gradually	O
moved	O
to	O
promoting	O
only	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
displays	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2011	O
,	O
the	O
16:10	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
had	O
virtually	O
disappeared	O
from	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
laptop	O
display	O
market	O
(	O
although	O
Mac	O
laptops	O
are	O
still	O
mostly	O
16:10	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
15	O
"	O
Retina	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
and	O
the	O
13	O
"	O
Retina	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
response	O
to	O
usability	O
flaws	O
of	O
now	O
common	O
16:9	O
displays	O
in	O
office/professional	O
applications	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
and	O
Huawei	O
started	O
to	O
offer	O
notebooks	O
with	O
a	O
3:2	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2021	O
,	O
Huawei	O
also	O
offers	O
a	O
monitor	O
display	O
offering	O
this	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
targeted	O
towards	O
professional	O
uses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
standard	O
HD	O
resolutions	O
share	O
a	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
although	O
some	O
derived	O
resolutions	O
with	O
smaller	O
or	O
larger	O
ratios	O
also	O
exist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
nHD	O
(	O
ninth	O
HD	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
is	O
exactly	O
one-ninth	O
of	O
a	O
Full	O
HD	O
(	O
1080p	O
)	O
frame	O
and	O
one-quarter	O
of	O
an	O
HD	O
(	O
720p	O
)	O
frame	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pixel	B-Algorithm
doubling	O
(	O
vertically	O
and	O
horizontally	O
)	O
nHD	O
frames	O
will	O
form	O
one	O
720p	O
frame	O
and	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
tripling	O
nHD	O
frames	O
will	O
form	O
one	O
1080p	O
frame	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
drawback	O
of	O
this	O
resolution	O
regarding	O
encoding	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
lines	O
is	O
not	O
an	O
even	O
multiple	O
of	O
16	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
common	O
macroblock	B-General_Concept
size	O
for	O
video	B-Application
codecs	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Video	O
frames	O
encoded	O
with	O
16×16	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
macroblocks	B-General_Concept
would	O
be	O
padded	O
to	O
and	O
the	O
added	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
would	O
be	O
cropped	O
away	O
at	O
playback	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
avoid	O
storing	O
the	O
eight	O
lines	O
of	O
padded	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
some	O
people	O
prefer	O
to	O
encode	O
video	O
at	O
,	O
which	O
only	O
has	O
one	O
stored	O
padded	O
line	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
True	O
nHD	O
frames	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
have	O
integer	O
scale	O
factors	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
the	O
Nokia	B-Language
808	I-Language
PureView	I-Language
which	O
has	O
an	O
nHD	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
qHD	O
is	O
a	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
is	O
exactly	O
one-quarter	O
of	O
a	O
Full	O
HD	O
(	O
1080p	O
)	O
frame	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similar	O
to	O
DVGA	O
,	O
this	O
resolution	O
became	O
popular	O
for	O
high-end	O
smartphone	B-Application
displays	O
in	O
early	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mobile	O
phones	O
including	O
the	O
Jolla	B-Operating_System
,	O
Sony	B-Application
Xperia	I-Application
C	I-Application
,	O
HTC	B-Application
Sensation	I-Application
,	O
Motorola	B-Application
Droid	I-Application
RAZR	I-Application
,	O
LG	B-Application
Optimus	I-Application
L9	I-Application
,	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Lumia	I-Application
535	I-Application
and	O
Samsung	B-Application
Galaxy	I-Application
S4	I-Application
Mini	I-Application
have	O
displays	O
with	O
the	O
qHD	O
resolution	O
,	O
as	O
does	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
Vita	I-Device
portable	O
game	O
system	O
(	O
though	O
it	O
is	O
actually	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HD	O
resolution	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
stems	O
from	O
high-definition	B-Device
television	I-Device
(	O
HDTV	B-Device
)	O
,	O
where	O
it	O
originally	O
used	O
50	O
or	O
60	O
frames	O
per	O
second	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
its	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
it	O
is	O
exactly	O
2	O
times	O
the	O
width	O
and	O
1	O
times	O
the	O
height	O
of	O
4:3	O
VGA	B-Protocol
,	O
which	O
shares	O
its	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
and	O
480	O
line	O
count	O
with	O
NTSC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HD	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
has	O
exactly	O
3	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
as	O
VGA	B-Protocol
,	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
is	O
often	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
720p	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
p	O
(	O
which	O
stands	O
for	O
progressive	B-Device
scan	I-Device
and	O
is	O
important	O
for	O
transmission	O
formats	O
)	O
is	O
irrelevant	O
for	O
labeling	O
digital	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolutions	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
mid-2000s	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
digital	O
HD	O
technology	O
and	O
standard	O
debuted	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
,	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
resolution	O
was	O
often	O
referred	O
to	O
by	O
the	O
branded	O
name	O
HD	O
ready	O
or	O
HDr	B-Application
for	O
short	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
specified	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
minimum	O
resolution	O
for	O
devices	O
to	O
qualify	O
for	O
the	O
certification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
employ	O
16:9	O
panels	O
with	O
768	O
lines	O
instead	O
(	O
WXGA	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
resulted	O
in	O
odd	O
numbers	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
per	O
line	O
,	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
is	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
Panasonic	O
's	O
DVCPRO	O
HD	O
Format	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
DV	O
Camcorders	O
using	O
this	O
format	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
TFT	B-Device
LCD	I-Device
screens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
32:27	O
(	O
1.:1	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
approximate	O
of	O
Movietone	O
cameras	O
of	O
the	O
1930s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HD+	O
(	O
HD	O
Plus	O
)	O
resolution	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
in	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
is	O
often	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
900p	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FHD	O
(	O
Full	O
HD	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
resolution	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
1080p	O
and	O
1080i	O
HDTV	B-Device
video	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
and	O
2,073,600	O
total	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
very	O
close	O
to	O
2	O
megapixels	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
exactly	O
50%	O
larger	O
than	O
720p	O
HD	O
(	O
)	O
in	O
each	O
dimension	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
2.25	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
using	O
interlacing	O
,	O
the	O
uncompressed	O
bandwidth	O
requirements	O
are	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
720p	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
field	O
rate	O
(	O
a	O
12.5	O
%	O
increase	O
,	O
as	O
one	O
field	O
of	O
1080i	O
video	O
is	O
1,036,800	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
one	O
frame	O
of	O
720p	O
video	O
is	O
921,600	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
same	O
for	O
1080p	O
and	O
1080i	O
,	O
the	O
effective	O
resolution	O
is	O
somewhat	O
lower	O
for	O
the	O
interlaced	O
format	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
necessary	O
to	O
use	O
some	O
vertical	O
low-pass	B-Algorithm
filtering	I-Algorithm
to	O
reduce	O
temporal	O
artifacts	O
such	O
as	O
interline	O
twitter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
format	O
has	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
(	O
2.2	O
megapixels	O
)	O
with	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
256:135	O
(	O
1.8:1	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
is	O
a	O
resolution	O
used	O
by	O
many	O
smartphones	B-Application
since	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
18:9	O
,	O
matching	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
Univisium	O
film	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
is	O
equivalent	O
to	O
a	O
Full	O
HD	O
(	O
)	O
extended	O
in	O
width	O
by	O
33%	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
64:27	O
(	O
2.	O
,	O
or	O
21.:9	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QHD	O
(	O
Quad	O
HD	O
)	O
,	O
WQHD	O
(	O
Wide	B-General_Concept
Quad	O
HD	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
1440p	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
in	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
QHD	O
reflects	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
as	O
HD	O
(	O
720p	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
also	O
commonly	O
called	O
WQHD	O
,	O
to	O
emphasize	O
it	O
being	O
a	O
wide	B-General_Concept
resolution	O
,	O
although	O
that	O
is	O
technically	O
unnecessary	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
HD	O
resolutions	O
are	O
all	O
wide	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
was	O
under	O
consideration	O
by	O
the	O
ATSC	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
1980s	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
standard	O
HDTV	B-Device
format	O
,	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
exactly	O
4	O
times	O
the	O
width	O
and	O
3	O
times	O
the	O
height	O
of	O
VGA	B-Protocol
,	O
which	O
has	O
the	O
same	O
number	O
of	O
lines	O
as	O
NTSC	O
signals	O
at	O
the	O
SDTV	B-Device
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pragmatic	O
technical	O
constraints	O
made	O
them	O
choose	O
the	O
now	O
well-known	O
16:9	O
formats	O
with	O
twice	O
(	O
HD	O
)	O
and	O
thrice	O
(	O
FHD	O
)	O
the	O
VGA	B-Protocol
width	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2006	O
,	O
Chi	O
Mei	O
Optoelectronics	O
(	O
CMO	O
)	O
announced	O
a	O
47-inch	O
1440p	O
LCD	B-Device
panel	I-Device
to	O
be	O
released	O
in	O
Q2	O
2007	O
;	O
the	O
panel	O
was	O
planned	O
to	O
finally	O
debut	O
at	O
FPD	O
International	O
2008	O
in	O
a	O
form	O
of	O
autostereoscopic	B-Algorithm
3D	B-Algorithm
display	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
27-inch	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
Cinema	I-Device
Display	I-Device
monitor	O
introduced	O
in	O
July	O
2010	O
has	O
a	O
native	O
resolution	O
of	O
2560	O
×	O
1440	O
,	O
as	O
does	O
its	O
successor	O
,	O
the	O
27-inch	O
Apple	B-Device
Thunderbolt	I-Device
Display	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2013	O
,	O
LG	O
announced	O
a	O
5.5-inch	O
QHD	O
smartphone	B-Application
display	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
LG	B-Application
G3	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2013	O
Vivo	O
announced	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
with	O
a	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
phone	O
manufacturers	O
followed	O
in	O
2014	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Samsung	O
with	O
the	O
Galaxy	B-Operating_System
Note	I-Operating_System
4	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
Google	B-Application
and	O
Motorola	O
with	O
the	O
Nexus	B-Device
6	I-Device
smartphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
mid-2010s	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
common	O
resolution	O
among	O
flagship	O
phones	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
HTC	B-Application
10	I-Application
,	O
the	O
Lumia	B-Application
950	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
Galaxy	B-Application
S6	I-Application
and	O
S7	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
has	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
and	O
is	O
exactly	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
as	O
the	O
HD+	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
products	O
announced	O
to	O
use	O
this	O
resolution	O
were	O
the	O
2013	O
HP	B-Device
Envy	I-Device
14	O
TouchSmart	O
Ultrabook	O
and	O
the	O
13.3-inch	O
Samsung	B-Device
Ativ	I-Device
Q	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
is	O
equivalent	O
to	O
QHD	O
(	O
)	O
extended	O
in	O
width	O
by	O
34%	O
,	O
giving	O
it	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
43:18	O
(	O
2.3:1	O
,	O
or	O
21.5:9	O
;	O
commonly	O
marketed	O
as	O
simply	O
"	O
21:9	O
"	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
32:9	O
(	O
3.:1	O
)	O
,	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
3.6:1	O
ratio	O
of	O
IMAX	O
UltraWideScreen	O
3.6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
has	O
a	O
12:5	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
(	O
2.4:1	O
,	O
or	O
21.6:9	O
;	O
commonly	O
marketed	O
as	O
simply	O
"	O
21:9	O
"	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
is	O
commonly	O
encountered	O
in	O
cinematic	O
4K	O
content	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
cropped	O
vertically	O
to	O
a	O
widescreen	O
2.4:1	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
,	O
sometimes	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
4K	O
UHD	O
or	O
4K2K	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
and	O
8,294,400	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
double	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
Full	O
HD	O
(	O
)	O
in	O
both	O
dimensions	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
triple	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
HD	O
(	O
)	O
in	O
both	O
dimensions	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
nine	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
lowest	O
common	O
multiple	O
of	O
the	O
HDTV	B-Device
resolutions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
was	O
chosen	O
as	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
UHDTV1	O
format	O
defined	O
in	O
SMPTE	O
ST	O
2036-1	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
4K	O
UHDTV	O
system	O
defined	O
in	O
ITU-R	O
BT.2020	O
and	O
the	O
UHD-1	O
broadcast	O
standard	O
from	O
DVB	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
commercial	O
displays	O
capable	O
of	O
this	O
resolution	O
include	O
an	O
82-inch	O
LCD	B-Device
TV	O
revealed	O
by	O
Samsung	O
in	O
early	O
2008	O
,	O
the	O
Sony	O
SRM-L560	O
,	O
a	O
56-inch	O
LCD	B-Device
reference	O
monitor	O
announced	O
in	O
October	O
2009	O
,	O
an	O
84-inch	O
display	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
LG	O
in	O
mid-2010	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
27.84-inch	O
158PPI	O
4K	O
IPS	O
monitor	O
for	O
medical	O
purposes	O
launched	O
by	O
Innolux	O
in	O
November	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2011	O
Toshiba	O
announced	O
the	O
REGZA	O
55x3	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
claimed	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
first	O
4K	O
glasses-free	B-Algorithm
3D	I-Algorithm
TV	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
supports	O
at	O
30Hz	O
in	O
version	O
1.1	O
and	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
75Hz	O
in	O
version	O
1.2	O
(	O
2009	O
)	O
and	O
120Hz	O
in	O
version	O
1.3	O
(	O
2014	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
HDMI	B-Protocol
added	O
support	O
for	O
at	O
30Hz	O
in	O
version	O
1.4	O
(	O
2009	O
)	O
and	O
60Hz	O
in	O
version	O
2.0	O
(	O
2013	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
support	O
for	O
4K	O
at	O
60Hz	O
was	O
added	O
in	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
1.2	O
,	O
no	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
timing	O
controllers	O
(	O
TCONs	O
)	O
existed	O
which	O
were	O
capable	O
of	O
processing	O
the	O
necessary	O
amount	O
of	O
data	O
from	O
a	O
single	O
video	O
stream	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
4K	O
monitors	O
from	O
2013	O
and	O
early	O
2014	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Sharp	O
PN-K321	O
,	O
Asus	O
PQ321Q	O
,	O
and	O
Dell	O
UP2414Q	O
and	O
UP3214Q	O
,	O
were	O
addressed	O
internally	O
as	O
two	O
monitors	O
side	O
by	O
side	O
instead	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
display	O
and	O
made	O
use	O
of	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
's	O
Multi-Stream	O
Transport	O
(	O
MST	O
)	O
feature	O
to	O
multiplex	O
a	O
separate	O
signal	O
for	O
each	O
half	O
over	O
the	O
connection	O
,	O
splitting	O
the	O
data	O
between	O
two	O
timing	O
controllers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Newer	O
timing	O
controllers	O
became	O
available	O
in	O
2014	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
mid-2014	O
new	O
4K	O
monitors	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Asus	O
PB287Q	O
no	O
longer	O
rely	O
on	O
MST	O
tiling	O
technique	O
to	O
achieve	O
4K	O
at	O
60Hz	O
,	O
instead	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
standard	O
SST	O
(	O
Single-Stream	O
Transport	O
)	O
approach	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2015	O
,	O
Sony	O
announced	O
the	O
Xperia	B-Application
Z5	I-Application
Premium	I-Application
,	O
the	O
first	O
smartphone	B-Application
with	O
a	O
4K	O
display	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
2017	O
Sony	O
announced	O
the	O
Xperia	O
XZ	O
Premium	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
smartphone	B-Application
with	O
a	O
4K	O
HDR	B-Application
display	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
has	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
256:135	O
(	O
1.8:1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
8,847,360	O
total	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
HDMI	B-Protocol
added	O
support	O
for	O
at	O
24Hz	O
in	O
version	O
1.4	O
and	O
60Hz	O
in	O
version	O
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
is	O
equivalent	O
to	O
4K	O
UHD	O
(	O
)	O
extended	O
in	O
width	O
by	O
33%	O
,	O
giving	O
it	O
a	O
64:27	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
(	O
2	O
.	O
or	O
21.:9	O
,	O
commonly	O
marketed	O
as	O
simply	O
"	O
21:9	O
"	O
)	O
and	O
11,059,200	O
total	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
exactly	O
double	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
in	O
both	O
dimensions	O
,	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
,	O
commonly	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
5K	O
or	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
and	O
14,745,600	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
exactly	O
double	O
the	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
count	O
of	O
QHD	O
(	O
)	O
in	O
both	O
dimensions	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
is	O
33%	O
larger	O
than	O
4K	O
UHD	O
(	O
)	O
in	O
both	O
dimensions	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Horizontal	O
scaling	O
of	O
SD	O
is	O
always	O
fractional	O
(	O
non-anamorphic	O
:	O
33	O
...	O
5	O
,	O
anamorphic	O
:	O
11	O
...	O
7	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
16	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
the	O
iMac	B-Device
with	O
Retina	B-Operating_System
5K	I-Operating_System
display	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
version	O
1.3	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
5K	O
at	O
60Hz	O
over	O
a	O
single	O
cable	O
,	O
whereas	O
DisplayPort1.2	O
was	O
only	O
capable	O
of	O
5K	O
at	O
30Hz	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Early	O
5K	O
60Hz	O
displays	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Dell	O
UltraSharp	O
UP2715K	O
and	O
HP	O
DreamColor	O
Z27q	O
that	O
lacked	O
DisplayPort1.3	B-Protocol
support	O
required	O
two	O
DisplayPort1.2	O
connections	O
to	O
operate	O
at	O
60Hz	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
tiled	O
display	O
mode	O
similar	O
to	O
early	O
4K	O
displays	O
using	O
DP	O
MST	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
resolution	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
5120-pixel	O
width	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
lowest	O
common	O
multiple	O
of	O
popular	O
1024	O
and	O
1280	O
,	O
but	O
a	O
different	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
have	O
also	O
been	O
called	O
"	O
5K	O
"	O
and	O
some	O
nominal	O
5K	B-Device
resolutions	I-Device
are	O
just	O
4800	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
wide	B-General_Concept
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
lowest	O
common	O
multiple	O
of	O
960	O
and	O
800	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
,	O
sometimes	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
8K	O
UHD	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
and	O
33,177,600	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
exactly	O
double	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
4K	O
UHD	O
(	O
)	O
in	O
each	O
dimension	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
Quadruple	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
Full	O
HD	O
(	O
)	O
in	O
each	O
dimension	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
sixteen	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
was	O
chosen	O
as	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
UHDTV2	O
format	O
defined	O
in	O
SMPTE	O
ST	O
2036-1	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
8K	O
UHDTV	O
system	O
defined	O
in	O
ITU-R	O
BT.2020	O
and	O
the	O
UHD-2	O
broadcast	O
standard	O
from	O
DVB	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
DisplayPort1.3	B-Protocol
,	O
finalized	O
by	O
VESA	B-Device
in	O
late	O
2014	O
,	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
at	O
30Hz	O
(	O
or	O
60Hz	O
with	O
4:2:0	O
subsampling	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
VESA	B-Device
's	O
Display	O
Stream	O
Compression	O
(	O
DSC	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
part	O
of	O
early	O
DisplayPort1.3	B-Protocol
drafts	O
and	O
would	O
have	O
enabled	O
8K	O
at	O
60Hz	O
without	O
subsampling	O
,	O
was	O
cut	O
from	O
the	O
specification	O
prior	O
to	O
publication	O
of	O
the	O
final	O
draft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
DSC	O
,	O
a	O
"	O
visually	O
lossless	O
"	O
form	O
of	O
compression	O
,	O
formats	O
up	O
to	O
(	O
8K	O
UHD	O
)	O
at	O
60Hz	O
with	O
HDR	B-Application
and	O
30bit/px	O
color	O
depth	O
are	O
possible	O
without	O
subsampling	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
made	O
up	O
of	O
576	O
modules	O
(	O
360	O
×	O
360p	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
formation	O
of	O
48	O
by	O
12	O
modules	O
,	O
forming	O
a	O
17280	O
×	O
4320	O
screen	O
,	O
with	O
4:1	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quarter-QVGA	O
(	O
QQVGA	O
or	O
qqVGA	O
)	O
denotes	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
or	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
usually	O
used	O
in	O
displays	O
of	O
handheld	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
Quarter-QVGA	O
signifies	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
one	O
fourth	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
in	O
a	O
QVGA	O
display	O
(	O
half	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
vertical	O
and	O
half	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
horizontal	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
)	O
which	O
itself	O
has	O
one	O
fourth	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
in	O
a	O
VGA	B-Protocol
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Half-QVGA	O
denotes	O
a	O
display	O
screen	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
or	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
as	O
seen	O
on	O
the	O
Game	B-Device
Boy	I-Device
Advance	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
is	O
half	O
of	O
QVGA	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
itself	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
VGA	B-Protocol
,	O
which	O
is	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quarter	O
VGA	B-Protocol
(	O
QVGA	O
or	O
qVGA	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
popular	O
term	O
for	O
a	O
computer	B-Device
display	I-Device
with	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
QVGA	O
displays	O
were	O
most	O
often	O
used	O
in	O
mobile	O
phones	O
,	O
personal	B-Application
digital	I-Application
assistants	I-Application
(	O
PDA	B-Application
)	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
handheld	O
game	O
consoles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Often	O
the	O
displays	O
are	O
in	O
a	O
"	O
portrait	O
"	O
orientation	O
(	O
i.e.	O
,	O
taller	O
than	O
they	O
are	O
wide	B-General_Concept
,	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
"	O
landscape	O
"	O
)	O
and	O
are	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
comes	O
from	O
having	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
maximum	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
IBM	B-Protocol
Video	I-Protocol
Graphics	I-Protocol
Array	I-Protocol
display	O
technology	O
,	O
which	O
became	O
a	O
de	O
facto	O
industry	O
standard	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
1980s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QVGA	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
standard	O
mode	O
offered	O
by	O
the	O
VGA	B-Device
BIOS	I-Device
,	O
even	O
though	O
VGA	B-Protocol
and	O
compatible	O
chipsets	O
support	O
a	O
QVGA-sized	O
Mode	O
X	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
refers	O
only	O
to	O
the	O
display	O
's	O
resolution	O
and	O
thus	O
the	O
abbreviated	O
term	O
QVGA	O
or	O
Quarter	O
VGA	B-Protocol
is	O
more	O
appropriate	O
to	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QVGA	O
resolution	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
digital	O
video	O
recording	O
equipment	O
as	O
a	O
low-resolution	O
mode	O
requiring	O
less	O
data	O
storage	O
capacity	O
than	O
higher	O
resolutions	O
,	O
typically	O
in	O
still	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
with	O
video	O
recording	O
capability	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
mobile	O
phones	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
frame	O
is	O
an	O
image	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
QVGA	O
mode	O
describes	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
an	O
image	O
in	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
commonly	O
called	O
the	O
resolution	O
;	O
numerous	O
video	O
file	O
formats	O
support	O
this	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
QVGA	O
is	O
a	O
lower	O
resolution	O
than	O
VGA	B-Protocol
,	O
at	O
higher	O
resolutions	O
the	O
"	O
Q	O
"	O
prefix	O
commonly	O
means	O
quad(ruple )	O
or	O
four	O
times	O
higher	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
QXGA	O
is	O
four	O
times	O
higher	O
resolution	O
than	O
XGA	B-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
examples	O
of	O
devices	O
that	O
use	O
QVGA	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
include	O
the	O
iPod	B-Operating_System
Classic	I-Operating_System
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
i5500	I-Application
,	O
LG	O
Optimus	O
L3-E400	O
,	O
Galaxy	B-Application
Fit	I-Application
,	O
Y	B-Application
and	O
Pocket	B-Application
,	O
HTC	B-Application
Wildfire	I-Application
,	O
Sony	B-Application
Ericsson	I-Application
Xperia	I-Application
X10	I-Application
Mini	I-Application
and	O
Mini	B-Application
pro	I-Application
and	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
3DS	I-Operating_System
 '	O
bottom	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wide	B-General_Concept
QVGA	O
or	O
WQVGA	O
is	O
any	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
having	O
the	O
same	O
height	O
in	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
as	O
QVGA	O
,	O
but	O
wider	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
definition	O
is	O
consistent	O
with	O
other	O
'	O
wide	B-General_Concept
 '	O
versions	O
of	O
computer	B-Device
displays	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
QVGA	O
is	O
320	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
wide	B-General_Concept
and	O
240	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
high	O
(	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
4:3	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
a	O
WQVGA	O
screen	O
might	O
be	O
(	O
3:2	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
,	O
(	O
16:10	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
,	O
(	O
5:3	O
–	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
3DS	I-Operating_System
screen	O
or	O
the	O
maximum	O
resolution	O
in	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
at	O
240p	O
)	O
,	O
( ≈	O
16:9	O
ratio	O
)	O
or	O
(	O
18:10	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
with	O
WVGA	O
,	O
exact	O
ratios	O
of	O
n:9	O
are	O
difficult	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
way	O
VGA	B-Protocol
controllers	O
internally	O
deal	O
with	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
,	O
when	O
using	O
graphical	O
combinatorial	O
operations	O
on	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
VGA	B-Protocol
controllers	O
will	O
use	O
1	O
bit	O
per	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
bits	O
cannot	O
be	O
accessed	O
individually	O
but	O
by	O
chunks	O
of	O
16	O
or	O
an	O
even	O
higher	O
power	O
of	O
2	O
,	O
this	O
limits	O
the	O
horizontal	O
resolution	O
to	O
a	O
16-pixel	O
granularity	O
,	O
i.e.	O
,	O
the	O
horizontal	O
resolution	O
must	O
be	O
divisible	O
by	O
16	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
the	O
16:9	O
ratio	O
,	O
with	O
240	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
high	O
,	O
the	O
horizontal	O
resolution	O
should	O
be	O
240	O
/	O
9	O
×	O
16	O
=	O
426.	O
,	O
the	O
closest	O
multiple	O
of	O
16	O
is	O
432	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WQVGA	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
describe	O
displays	O
that	O
are	O
not	O
240	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
high	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
Sixteenth	B-General_Concept
HD1080	I-General_Concept
displays	O
which	O
are	O
480	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
wide	B-General_Concept
and	O
270	O
or	O
272	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
high	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WQVGA	O
resolutions	O
were	O
commonly	O
used	O
in	O
touchscreen	B-Application
mobile	I-Application
phones	I-Application
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
,	O
and	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
Hyundai	O
MB	O
490i	O
,	O
Sony	O
Ericsson	O
Aino	O
and	O
the	O
Samsung	O
Instinct	O
have	O
WQVGA	O
screen	B-General_Concept
resolutions	I-General_Concept
–	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
iPod	I-Device
Nano	I-Device
also	O
use	O
a	O
WQVGA	O
screen	O
,	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
HVGA	O
(	O
Half-size	O
VGA	B-Protocol
)	O
screens	O
have	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
3:2	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
,	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
,	O
( ≈	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
,	O
or	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
8:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
former	O
is	O
used	O
by	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
PDA	B-Application
devices	O
,	O
starting	O
with	O
the	O
Sony	B-Device
CLIÉ	I-Device
PEG-NR70	I-Device
in	O
2002	O
,	O
and	O
standalone	O
PDAs	B-Application
by	O
Palm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
VGA	B-Protocol
resolution	O
is	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
devices	O
that	O
use	O
HVGA	O
include	O
the	O
Apple	O
iPhone	B-Application
(	O
1st	B-Operating_System
generation	I-Operating_System
through	O
3GS	B-Operating_System
)	O
,	O
iPod	B-Operating_System
Touch	I-Operating_System
(	O
1st	B-Operating_System
Generation	I-Operating_System
through	O
3rd	O
)	O
,	O
BlackBerry	B-Application
Bold	I-Application
9000	O
,	O
HTC	B-Application
Dream	I-Application
,	O
Hero	B-Application
,	O
Wildfire	B-Application
S	I-Application
,	O
LG	B-Application
GW620	I-Application
Eve	O
,	O
MyTouch	B-Application
3G	I-Application
Slide	I-Application
,	O
Nokia	O
6260	O
Slide	O
,	O
Palm	B-Application
Pre	I-Application
,	O
Samsung	O
M900	O
Moment	O
,	O
Sony	B-Application
Ericsson	I-Application
Xperia	I-Application
X8	I-Application
,	O
mini	B-Application
,	O
mini	B-Application
pro	I-Application
,	O
active	B-Application
and	O
live	O
and	O
the	O
Sony	B-Operating_System
PlayStation	I-Operating_System
Portable	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Texas	O
Instruments	O
produces	O
the	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
pico	O
projector	O
which	O
supports	O
HVGA	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HVGA	O
was	O
the	O
only	O
resolution	O
supported	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
versions	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
Android	I-Application
,	O
up	O
to	O
release	O
1.5	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
higher	O
and	O
lower	O
resolutions	O
became	O
available	O
starting	O
on	O
release	O
1.6	O
,	O
like	O
the	O
popular	O
WVGA	O
resolution	O
on	O
the	O
Motorola	B-Application
Droid	I-Application
or	O
the	O
QVGA	O
resolution	O
on	O
the	O
HTC	B-Application
Tattoo	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Video	B-Protocol
Graphics	I-Protocol
Array	I-Protocol
(	O
VGA	B-Protocol
)	O
refers	O
specifically	O
to	O
the	O
display	O
hardware	O
first	O
introduced	O
with	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PS/2	I-Device
line	O
of	O
computers	O
in	O
1987	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Through	O
its	O
widespread	O
adoption	O
,	O
VGA	B-Protocol
has	O
also	O
come	O
to	O
mean	O
either	O
an	O
analog	O
computer	B-Device
display	I-Device
standard	O
,	O
the	O
15-pin	O
D-subminiature	B-Protocol
VGA	B-Protocol
connector	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
resolution	O
itself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
VGA	B-Protocol
resolution	O
was	O
superseded	O
in	O
the	O
personal	O
computer	O
market	O
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
and	O
the	O
SEGA	O
Dreamcast	O
in	O
1998	O
,	O
it	O
became	O
a	O
popular	O
resolution	O
on	O
mobile	O
devices	O
in	O
the	O
2000s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
VGA	B-Protocol
is	O
still	O
the	O
universal	O
fallback	O
troubleshooting	O
mode	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
trouble	O
with	O
graphic	O
device	O
drivers	O
in	O
operating	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
field	O
of	O
video	O
,	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
480i	O
supports	O
640	O
samples	O
per	O
line	O
(	O
corresponding	O
to	O
640x480	O
)	O
corresponding	O
to	O
Standard	B-Device
Definition	I-Device
(	O
SD	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
high-definition	O
(	O
HD	O
)	O
resolutions	O
like	O
and	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wide	B-General_Concept
VGA	B-Protocol
or	O
WVGA	O
,	O
sometimes	O
just	O
WGA	O
is	O
any	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
with	O
the	O
same	O
480-pixel	O
height	O
as	O
VGA	B-Protocol
but	O
wider	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
(	O
3:2	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
,	O
(	O
5:3	O
)	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
or	O
( ≈	O
16:9	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
a	O
common	O
resolution	O
among	O
LCD	B-Device
projectors	O
and	O
later	O
portable	O
and	O
hand-held	O
internet-enabled	O
devices	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
MID	B-Device
and	O
Netbooks	B-Device
)	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
rendering	O
websites	O
designed	O
for	O
an	O
800	O
wide	B-General_Concept
window	O
in	O
full	O
page-width	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
hand-held	O
internet	O
devices	O
,	O
without	O
phone	O
capability	O
,	O
with	O
this	O
resolution	O
include	O
:	O
Spice	O
stellar	O
nhance	O
mi-435	O
,	O
ASUS	B-Device
Eee	I-Device
PC	I-Device
700	O
series	O
,	O
Dell	O
XCD35	O
,	O
Nokia	B-Application
770	I-Application
,	O
N800	B-Application
,	O
and	O
N810	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mobile	B-Device
phones	I-Device
with	I-Device
WVGA	I-Device
display	I-Device
resolution	I-Device
are	O
also	O
common	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FWVGA	O
is	O
an	O
abbreviation	O
for	O
Full	O
Wide	B-General_Concept
Video	B-Protocol
Graphics	I-Protocol
Array	I-Protocol
which	O
refers	O
to	O
a	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
is	O
approximately	O
the	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
anamorphically	O
"	O
un-squeezed	O
"	O
NTSC	O
DVD	O
widescreen	O
video	O
and	O
is	O
considered	O
a	O
"	O
safe	O
"	O
resolution	O
that	O
does	O
not	O
crop	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
called	O
Full	O
WVGA	O
to	O
distinguish	O
it	O
from	O
other	O
,	O
narrower	O
WVGA	O
resolutions	O
which	O
require	O
cropping	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
high-definition	O
video	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
it	O
is	O
full	O
width	O
,	O
albeit	O
with	O
a	O
considerable	O
reduction	B-Algorithm
in	I-Algorithm
size	I-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
854	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
width	O
is	O
rounded	O
up	O
from	O
853.	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
a	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
must	O
be	O
a	O
whole	O
number	O
,	O
rounding	O
up	O
to	O
854	O
ensures	O
inclusion	O
of	O
the	O
entire	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2010	O
,	O
mobile	O
phones	O
with	O
FWVGA	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
started	O
to	O
become	O
more	O
common	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
Wii	B-Device
U	I-Device
GamePad	I-Device
that	O
comes	O
with	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Device
Wii	I-Device
U	I-Device
gaming	O
console	O
includes	O
a	O
6.2-inch	O
FWVGA	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Super	O
Video	B-Protocol
Graphics	I-Protocol
Array	I-Protocol
,	O
abbreviated	O
to	O
Super	O
VGA	B-Protocol
or	O
SVGA	O
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
Ultra	O
Video	B-Protocol
Graphics	I-Protocol
Array	I-Protocol
,	O
abbreviated	O
to	O
Ultra	O
VGA	B-Protocol
or	O
UVGA	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
broad	O
term	O
that	O
covers	O
a	O
wide	B-General_Concept
range	O
of	O
computer	B-Device
display	I-Device
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Originally	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
an	O
extension	O
to	O
the	O
VGA	B-Protocol
standard	O
first	O
released	O
by	O
IBM	O
in	O
1987	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
VGA	B-Protocol
–	O
a	O
purely	O
IBM-defined	O
standard	O
–	O
Super	O
VGA	B-Protocol
was	O
defined	O
by	O
the	O
Video	O
Electronics	O
Standards	O
Association	O
(	O
VESA	B-Device
)	O
,	O
an	O
open	O
consortium	O
set	O
up	O
to	O
promote	O
interoperability	O
and	O
define	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
resolution	O
specification	O
,	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
VGA	B-Protocol
or	O
XGA	B-Device
for	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
term	O
SVGA	O
normally	O
refers	O
to	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
marginally	O
higher	O
resolution	O
is	O
the	O
highest	O
4:3	O
resolution	O
not	O
greater	O
than	O
219	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
with	O
its	O
horizontal	O
dimension	O
a	O
multiple	O
of	O
32	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
enables	O
it	O
to	O
fit	O
within	O
a	O
framebuffer	B-Algorithm
of	O
512KB	O
(	O
512	O
×	O
2	O
bytes	B-Application
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
common	O
multiple	O
of	O
32	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
constraint	O
is	O
related	O
to	O
alignment	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
these	O
reasons	O
,	O
this	O
resolution	O
was	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
Macintosh	B-Device
LC	I-Device
III	I-Device
and	O
other	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVGA	O
(	O
Double-size	O
VGA	B-Protocol
)	O
screens	O
have	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
3:2	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
dimensions	O
are	O
double	O
that	O
of	O
HVGA	O
,	O
hence	O
the	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
count	O
is	O
quadrupled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
devices	O
that	O
use	O
DVGA	O
include	O
the	O
Meizu	B-Application
MX	I-Application
mobile	O
phone	O
and	O
the	O
Apple	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4	I-Operating_System
and	O
4S	B-Operating_System
with	O
the	O
iPod	B-Operating_System
Touch	I-Operating_System
4	I-Operating_System
,	O
where	O
the	O
screen	O
is	O
called	O
the	O
"	O
Retina	B-Operating_System
Display	I-Operating_System
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
wide	B-General_Concept
version	O
of	O
SVGA	O
is	O
known	O
as	O
WSVGA	O
(	O
Wide	B-General_Concept
Super	O
VGA	B-Protocol
or	O
Wide	B-General_Concept
SVGA	O
)	O
,	O
featured	O
on	O
Ultra-Mobile	O
PCs	O
,	O
netbooks	B-Device
,	O
and	O
tablet	B-Device
computers	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resolution	O
is	O
either	O
(	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
16:9	O
)	O
or	O
(	O
128:75	O
)	O
with	O
screen	O
sizes	O
normally	O
ranging	O
from	O
7	B-Application
to	O
10	O
inches	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
full	O
XGA	B-Device
width	O
of	O
1024	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
digital	O
broadcast	O
content	O
in	O
former	O
PAL/SECAM	O
regions	O
has	O
576	O
active	B-Application
lines	O
,	O
several	O
mobile	O
TV	O
sets	O
with	O
a	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
tuner	O
use	O
the	O
600-line	O
variant	O
with	O
a	O
diameter	O
of	O
7	B-Application
,	O
9	O
or	O
10	O
inches	O
(	O
18	O
to	O
26cm	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
(	O
XGA	B-Device
)	O
is	O
an	O
IBM	O
display	O
standard	O
introduced	O
in	O
1990	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
it	O
became	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
appellation	O
of	O
the	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
,	O
but	O
the	O
official	O
definition	O
is	O
broader	O
than	O
that	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
initial	O
version	O
of	O
XGA	B-Device
expanded	O
upon	O
IBM	O
's	O
older	O
VGA	B-Protocol
by	O
adding	O
support	O
for	O
four	O
new	O
screen	B-Device
modes	I-Device
,	O
including	O
one	O
new	O
resolution	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
pixels	B-Algorithm
in	O
direct	O
16	O
bits-per-pixel	O
(	O
65,536	O
color	O
)	O
RGB	O
hi-color	O
and	O
8bit/px	O
(	O
256	O
color	O
)	O
palette-indexed	O
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
pixels	B-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
16	O
-	O
or	O
256-color	O
(	O
4	O
or	O
8bit/px	O
)	O
palette	B-Data_Structure
,	O
using	O
a	O
low	O
frequency	O
interlaced	O
refresh	O
rate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XGA-2	O
added	O
a	O
24-bit	O
DAC	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
was	O
used	O
only	O
to	O
extend	O
the	O
available	O
master	O
palette	B-Data_Structure
in	O
256-color	O
mode	O
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
standard	O
XGA	B-Device
modes	O
have	O
a	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
with	O
square	B-Device
pixels	I-Device
,	O
although	O
this	O
does	O
not	O
hold	O
for	O
certain	O
standard	O
VGA	B-Protocol
and	O
third-party	O
extended	O
modes	O
(	O
,	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wide	B-General_Concept
XGA	B-Device
(	O
WXGA	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
non-standard	O
resolutions	O
derived	O
from	O
the	O
XGA	B-Device
display	O
standard	O
by	O
widening	O
it	O
to	O
a	O
widescreen	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
WXGA	O
is	O
commonly	O
used	O
for	O
low-end	O
LCD	B-Device
TVs	O
and	O
LCD	B-Device
computer	I-Device
monitors	I-Device
for	O
widescreen	O
presentation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
referring	O
to	O
televisions	O
and	O
other	O
monitors	O
intended	O
for	O
consumer	O
entertainment	O
use	O
,	O
WXGA	O
is	O
generally	O
understood	O
to	O
refer	O
to	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
very	O
nearly	O
16:9	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
basis	O
for	O
this	O
otherwise	O
odd	O
seeming	O
resolution	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
other	O
"	O
wide	B-General_Concept
"	O
standards	O
–	O
the	O
line	O
scan	O
(	O
refresh	O
)	O
rate	O
of	O
the	O
well-established	O
"	O
XGA	B-Device
"	O
standard	O
(	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
)	O
extended	O
to	O
give	O
square	B-Device
pixels	I-Device
on	O
the	O
increasingly	O
popular	O
16:9	O
widescreen	O
display	O
ratio	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
effect	O
major	O
signalling	O
changes	O
other	O
than	O
a	O
faster	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
clock	O
,	O
or	O
manufacturing	O
changes	O
other	O
than	O
extending	O
panel	O
width	O
by	O
one	O
third	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
768	O
is	O
not	O
divisible	O
by	O
9	O
,	O
the	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
is	O
not	O
quite	O
16:9	O
–	O
this	O
would	O
require	O
a	O
horizontal	O
width	O
of	O
1365	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2006	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
most	O
popular	O
resolution	O
for	O
liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
display	I-Device
televisions	O
(	O
versus	O
XGA	B-Device
for	O
Plasma	O
TVs	O
flat	B-General_Concept
panel	I-General_Concept
displays	I-General_Concept
)	O
;	O
by	O
2013	O
,	O
even	O
this	O
was	O
relegated	O
to	O
only	O
being	O
used	O
in	O
smaller	O
or	O
cheaper	O
displays	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
bedroom	O
"	O
LCD	B-Device
TVs	O
,	O
or	O
low-cost	O
,	O
large-format	O
plasmas	O
)	O
,	O
cheaper	O
laptop	O
and	O
mobile	O
tablet	B-Device
computers	I-Device
,	O
and	O
midrange	O
home	O
cinema	O
projectors	O
,	O
having	O
otherwise	O
been	O
overtaken	O
by	O
higher	O
"	O
full	O
HD	O
"	O
resolutions	O
such	O
as	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
common	O
variant	O
on	O
this	O
resolution	O
is	O
,	O
which	O
confers	O
several	O
technical	O
benefits	O
,	O
most	O
significantly	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
memory	O
requirements	O
from	O
just	O
over	O
to	O
just	O
under	O
1MB	O
per	O
8-bit	O
channel	O
(	O
needs	O
1024.5KB	O
per	O
channel	O
;	O
needs	O
1020KB	O
;	O
1MB	O
is	O
equal	O
to	O
1024KB	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
simplifies	O
architecture	O
and	O
can	O
significantly	O
reduce	O
the	O
amount	O
–	O
and	O
speed	O
–	O
of	O
VRAM	O
required	O
with	O
only	O
a	O
very	O
minor	O
change	O
in	O
available	O
resolution	O
,	O
as	O
memory	O
chips	O
are	O
usually	O
only	O
available	O
in	O
fixed	O
megabyte	O
capacities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
at	O
32-bit	O
color	O
,	O
a	O
framebuffer	B-Algorithm
would	O
require	O
only	O
4MB	O
,	O
whilst	O
a	O
one	O
may	O
need	O
5	O
,	O
6	O
or	O
even	O
8MB	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
exact	O
display	O
circuitry	O
architecture	O
and	O
available	O
chip	O
capacities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
6-pixel	O
reduction	O
also	O
means	O
each	O
line	O
's	O
width	O
is	O
divisible	O
by	O
8	B-Operating_System
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
simplifying	O
numerous	O
routines	O
used	O
in	O
both	O
computer	O
and	O
broadcast/theatrical	O
video	O
processing	O
,	O
which	O
operate	O
on	O
8-pixel	O
blocks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Historically	O
,	O
many	O
video	B-Device
cards	I-Device
also	O
mandated	O
screen	O
widths	O
divisible	O
by	O
8	B-Operating_System
for	O
their	O
lower-color	O
,	O
planar	O
modes	O
to	O
accelerate	O
memory	O
accesses	O
and	O
simplify	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
position	O
calculations	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
fetching	O
4-bit	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
from	O
32-bit	O
memory	O
is	O
much	O
faster	O
when	O
performed	O
8	B-Operating_System
pixels	B-Algorithm
at	O
a	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
calculating	O
exactly	O
where	O
a	O
particular	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
is	O
within	O
a	O
memory	O
block	O
is	O
much	O
easier	O
when	O
lines	O
do	O
not	O
end	O
partway	O
through	O
a	O
memory	O
word	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
convention	O
persisted	O
in	O
low-end	O
hardware	O
even	O
into	O
the	O
early	O
days	O
of	O
widescreen	O
,	O
LCD	B-Device
HDTVs	B-Device
;	O
thus	O
,	O
most	O
1366-width	O
displays	O
also	O
quietly	O
support	O
display	O
of	O
1360-width	O
material	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
thin	O
border	O
of	O
unused	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
columns	O
at	O
each	O
side	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
referring	O
to	O
laptop	O
displays	O
or	O
independent	O
displays	O
and	O
projectors	O
intended	O
primarily	O
for	O
use	O
with	O
computers	O
,	O
WXGA	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
to	O
describe	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
with	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
16:10	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
once	O
particularly	O
popular	O
for	O
laptop	O
screens	O
,	O
usually	O
with	O
a	O
diagonal	O
screen	O
size	O
of	O
between	O
12	O
and	O
15	O
inches	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
provided	O
a	O
useful	O
compromise	O
between	O
4:3	O
XGA	B-Device
and	O
16:9	O
WXGA	O
,	O
with	O
improved	O
resolution	O
in	O
both	O
dimensions	O
vs.	O
the	O
old	O
standard	O
(	O
especially	O
useful	O
in	O
portrait	O
mode	O
,	O
or	O
for	O
displaying	O
two	O
standard	O
pages	O
of	O
text	O
side	O
by	O
side	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
perceptibly	O
"	O
wider	O
"	O
appearance	O
and	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
display	O
720p	O
HD	O
video	O
"	O
native	O
"	O
with	O
only	O
very	O
thin	O
letterbox	O
borders	O
(	O
usable	O
for	O
on-screen	O
playback	O
controls	O
)	O
and	O
no	O
stretching	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
it	O
required	O
only	O
1000KB	O
(	O
just	O
under	O
1MB	O
)	O
of	O
memory	O
per	O
8-bit	O
channel	O
;	O
thus	O
,	O
a	O
typical	O
double-buffered	O
32-bit	O
colour	O
screen	O
could	O
fit	O
within	O
8MB	O
,	O
limiting	O
everyday	O
demands	O
on	O
the	O
complexity	O
(	O
and	O
cost	O
,	O
energy	O
use	O
)	O
of	O
integrated	O
graphics	O
chipsets	O
and	O
their	O
shared	O
use	O
of	O
typically	O
sparse	O
system	O
memory	O
(	O
generally	O
allocated	O
to	O
the	O
video	O
system	O
in	O
relatively	O
large	O
blocks	O
)	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
when	O
only	O
the	O
internal	O
display	O
was	O
in	O
use	O
(	O
external	O
monitors	O
generally	O
being	O
supported	O
in	O
"	O
extended	O
desktop	O
"	O
mode	O
to	O
at	O
least	O
resolution	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
16:10	O
(	O
or	O
8:5	O
)	O
is	O
itself	O
a	O
rather	O
"	O
classic	O
"	O
computer	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
harking	O
back	O
to	O
early	O
modes	O
(	O
and	O
their	O
derivatives	O
)	O
as	O
seen	O
in	O
the	O
Commodore	O
64	O
,	O
IBM	O
CGA	O
card	O
and	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
as	O
of	O
mid-2013	O
,	O
this	O
standard	O
is	O
becoming	O
increasingly	O
rare	O
,	O
crowded	O
out	O
by	O
the	O
more	O
standardised	O
and	O
thus	O
more	O
economical-to-produce	O
panels	O
,	O
as	O
its	O
previously	O
beneficial	O
features	O
become	O
less	O
important	O
with	O
improvements	O
to	O
hardware	O
,	O
gradual	O
loss	O
of	O
general	O
backwards	O
software	O
compatibility	O
,	O
and	O
changes	O
in	O
interface	O
layout	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
August	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
market	O
availability	O
of	O
panels	O
with	O
native	O
resolution	O
had	O
been	O
generally	O
relegated	O
to	O
data	O
projectors	O
or	O
niche	O
products	O
such	O
as	O
convertible	O
tablet	B-Device
PCs	I-Device
and	O
LCD-based	O
eBook	O
readers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
,	O
the	O
HDTV-standard	O
(	O
otherwise	O
commonly	O
described	O
as	O
"	O
720p	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
offers	O
an	O
exact	O
16:9	O
aspect	O
with	O
square	B-Device
pixels	I-Device
;	O
naturally	O
,	O
it	O
displays	O
standard	O
720p	O
HD	O
video	O
material	O
without	O
stretching	O
or	O
letterboxing	O
and	O
1080i/1080p	O
with	O
a	O
simple	O
2:3	O
downscale	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
has	O
found	O
some	O
use	O
in	O
tablets	B-Device
and	O
modern	O
,	O
high-pixel-density	O
mobile	O
phones	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
small-format	O
"	O
netbook	B-Device
"	O
or	O
"	O
ultralight	O
"	O
laptop	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
its	O
use	O
is	O
uncommon	O
in	O
larger	O
,	O
mainstream	O
devices	O
as	O
it	O
has	O
an	O
insufficient	O
vertical	O
resolution	O
for	O
the	O
proper	O
use	O
of	O
modern	O
operating	O
systems	O
such	O
as	O
Windows	B-Application
7	B-Application
whose	O
UI	O
design	O
assumes	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
768	O
lines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
certain	O
uses	O
such	O
as	O
word	O
processing	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
even	O
be	O
considered	O
a	O
slight	O
downgrade	O
(	O
reducing	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
simultaneously	O
visible	O
lines	O
of	O
text	O
without	O
granting	O
any	O
significant	O
benefit	O
as	O
even	O
640	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
is	O
sufficient	O
horizontal	O
resolution	O
to	O
legibly	O
render	O
a	O
full	O
page	O
width	O
,	O
especially	O
with	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
subpixel	O
anti-aliasing	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
square-pixel	B-Device
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
is	O
15:9	O
,	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
HDTV	B-Device
's	O
16:9	O
and	O
'	O
s	O
16:10	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
also	O
the	O
lowest	O
resolution	O
that	O
might	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
an	O
"	O
Ultrabook	O
"	O
standard	O
laptop	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
satisfies	O
the	O
minimum	O
horizontal	O
and	O
vertical	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
resolutions	O
required	O
to	O
officially	O
qualify	O
for	O
the	O
designation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
mentionable	O
resolutions	O
are	O
with	O
a	O
3:2	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
7:4	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
(	O
similar	O
to	O
16:9	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Widespread	O
availability	O
of	O
and	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
resolution	O
LCDs	B-Device
for	O
laptop	O
monitors	O
can	O
be	O
considered	O
an	O
OS-driven	O
evolution	O
from	O
the	O
formerly	O
popular	O
screen	O
size	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
itself	O
since	O
seen	O
UI	O
design	O
feedback	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
what	O
could	O
be	O
considered	O
disadvantages	O
of	O
the	O
widescreen	O
format	O
when	O
used	O
with	O
programs	O
designed	O
for	O
"	O
traditional	O
"	O
screens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
,	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Sidebar	O
in	O
Windows	B-Application
Vista	I-Application
and	O
7	B-Application
can	O
use	O
the	O
additional	O
256	O
or	O
336	O
horizontal	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
to	O
display	O
informational	O
"	O
widgets	O
"	O
without	O
compromising	O
the	O
display	O
width	O
of	O
other	O
programs	O
,	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
8	B-Operating_System
is	O
specifically	O
designed	O
around	O
a	O
"	O
two-pane	O
"	O
concept	O
where	O
the	O
full	O
16:9	O
or	O
16:10	O
screen	O
is	O
not	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XGA+	O
stands	O
for	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
Plus	O
and	O
is	O
a	O
computer	B-Device
display	I-Device
standard	O
,	O
usually	O
understood	O
to	O
refer	O
to	O
the	O
resolution	O
with	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
4:3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
the	O
advent	O
of	O
widescreen	O
LCDs	B-Device
,	O
XGA+	O
was	O
often	O
used	O
on	O
17-inch	O
desktop	O
CRT	B-Device
monitors	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
highest	O
4:3	O
resolution	O
not	O
greater	O
than	O
2	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
( ≈	O
1.05	O
megapixels	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
its	O
horizontal	O
dimension	O
a	O
multiple	O
of	O
32	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
enables	O
it	O
to	O
fit	O
closely	O
into	O
a	O
video	O
memory	O
or	O
framebuffer	B-Algorithm
of	O
1MB	O
(	O
1	O
×	O
2	O
bytes	B-Application
)	O
,	O
assuming	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
one	O
byte	B-Application
per	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
common	O
multiple	O
of	O
32	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
constraint	O
is	O
related	O
to	O
alignment	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Historically	O
,	O
the	O
resolution	O
also	O
relates	O
to	O
the	O
earlier	O
standard	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
was	O
adopted	O
by	O
Sun	O
Microsystems	O
for	O
the	O
Sun-2	B-Device
workstation	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
1980s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
decade	O
later	O
,	O
Apple	O
Computer	O
selected	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
for	O
their	O
21-inch	O
CRT	B-Device
monitors	I-Device
,	O
intended	O
for	O
use	O
as	O
two-page	O
displays	O
on	O
the	O
Macintosh	B-Device
II	I-Device
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
resolutions	O
are	O
even	O
closer	O
to	O
the	O
limit	O
of	O
a	O
1MB	O
framebuffer	B-Algorithm
,	O
but	O
their	O
aspect	B-Device
ratios	I-Device
differ	O
slightly	O
from	O
the	O
common	O
4:3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XGA+	O
is	O
the	O
next	O
step	O
after	O
XGA	B-Device
(	O
)	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
approved	O
by	O
any	O
standard	O
organizations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
next	O
step	O
with	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
4:3	O
is	O
(	O
"	O
SXGA-	O
"	O
)	O
or	O
SXGA+	O
(	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WXGA+	O
and	O
WSXGA	O
are	O
non-standard	O
terms	O
referring	O
to	O
a	O
computer	B-Device
display	I-Device
resolution	O
of	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WSXGA	O
and	O
WXGA+	O
can	O
be	O
considered	O
enhanced	O
versions	O
of	O
WXGA	O
with	O
more	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
or	O
as	O
widescreen	O
variants	O
of	O
SXGA	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
aspect	B-Device
ratios	I-Device
of	O
each	O
are	O
16:10	O
(	O
widescreen	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WXGA+	O
(	O
)	O
resolution	O
is	O
common	O
in	O
19-inch	O
widescreen	O
desktop	O
monitors	O
(	O
a	O
very	O
small	O
number	O
of	O
such	O
monitors	O
use	O
WSXGA+	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
also	O
optional	O
,	O
although	O
less	O
common	O
,	O
in	O
laptop	O
LCDs	B-Device
,	O
in	O
sizes	O
ranging	O
from	O
12.1	O
to	O
17	O
inches	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
resolution	O
going	O
by	O
this	O
name	O
(	O
WSXGA	O
)	O
is	O
,	O
at	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
15:10	O
(	O
3:2	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Super	O
XGA	B-Device
(	O
SXGA	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
standard	O
monitor	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
"	O
next	O
step	O
"	O
above	O
the	O
XGA	B-Device
resolution	O
that	O
IBM	O
developed	O
in	O
1990	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resolution	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
standard	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
but	O
5:4	O
(	O
1.25:1	O
instead	O
of	O
1.333:1	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
standard	O
4:3	O
monitor	O
using	O
this	O
resolution	O
will	O
have	O
rectangular	O
rather	O
than	O
square	B-Device
pixels	I-Device
,	O
meaning	O
that	O
unless	O
the	O
software	O
compensates	O
for	O
this	O
the	O
picture	O
will	O
be	O
distorted	O
,	O
causing	O
circles	O
to	O
appear	O
elliptical	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
a	O
less	O
common	O
resolution	O
that	O
preserves	O
the	O
common	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Elsewhere	O
this	O
4:3	O
resolution	O
was	O
also	O
called	O
UVGA	O
(	O
Ultra	O
VGA	B-Protocol
)	O
,	O
or	O
SXVGA	O
(	O
Super	O
eXtended	O
VGA	B-Protocol
)	O
:	O
Since	O
both	O
sides	O
are	O
doubled	O
from	O
VGA	B-Protocol
the	O
term	O
Quad	O
VGA	B-Protocol
would	O
be	O
a	O
systematic	O
one	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
hardly	O
ever	O
used	O
because	O
its	O
initialism	O
QVGA	O
is	O
strongly	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
alternate	O
meaning	O
Quarter	O
VGA	B-Protocol
(	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SXGA	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
native	O
resolution	O
of	O
17-inch	O
and	O
19-inch	O
LCD	B-Device
monitors	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
LCD	B-Device
monitor	I-Device
with	O
SXGA	O
native	O
resolution	O
will	O
typically	O
have	O
a	O
physical	O
5:4	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
,	O
preserving	O
a	O
1:1	O
pixel	B-Device
aspect	I-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
manufactured	O
a	O
17-inch	O
CRT	B-Device
monitor	I-Device
with	O
a	O
5:4	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
designed	O
for	O
this	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
flat	B-General_Concept
panel	I-General_Concept
TFT	B-Device
screen	I-Device
,	O
including	O
one	O
designed	O
for	O
,	O
will	O
show	O
stretching	O
distortion	O
when	O
set	O
to	O
display	O
any	O
resolution	O
other	O
than	O
its	O
native	O
one	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
image	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
interpolated	O
to	O
fit	O
in	O
the	O
fixed	O
grid	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
TFT	B-Device
displays	I-Device
do	O
not	O
allow	O
a	O
user	O
to	O
disable	O
this	O
,	O
and	O
will	O
prevent	O
the	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
portions	O
of	O
the	O
screen	O
from	O
being	O
used	O
forcing	O
a	O
"	O
letterbox	O
"	O
format	O
when	O
set	O
to	O
a	O
4:3	O
ratio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SXGA+	O
stands	O
for	O
Super	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
Plus	O
and	O
is	O
a	O
computer	B-Device
display	I-Device
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
SXGA+	O
display	O
is	O
commonly	O
used	O
on	O
14-inch	O
or	O
15-inch	O
laptop	O
LCD	B-Device
screens	I-Device
with	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
SXGA+	O
display	O
is	O
used	O
on	O
a	O
few	O
12-inch	O
laptop	O
screens	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
ThinkPad	B-Operating_System
X60	O
and	O
X61	O
(	O
both	O
only	O
as	O
tablet	B-Device
)	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
Toshiba	O
Portégé	O
M200	O
and	O
M400	O
,	O
but	O
those	O
are	O
far	O
less	O
common	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
14.1	O
inches	O
,	O
Dell	O
offered	O
SXGA+	O
on	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
Latitude	O
C-Series	O
laptops	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
C640	O
,	O
and	O
IBM	O
since	O
the	O
ThinkPad	B-Operating_System
T21	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
desktop	O
LCDs	B-Device
,	O
SXGA+	O
is	O
used	O
on	O
some	O
low-end	O
20-inch	O
monitors	O
,	O
whereas	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
20-inch	O
LCDs	B-Device
use	O
UXGA	O
(	O
standard	O
screen	O
ratio	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
WSXGA+	O
(	O
widescreen	O
ratio	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WSXGA+	O
stands	O
for	O
Widescreen	O
Super	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
Plus	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WSXGA+	O
displays	O
were	O
commonly	O
used	O
on	O
Widescreen	O
20-	O
,	O
21-	O
,	O
and	O
22-inch	O
LCD	B-Device
monitors	I-Device
from	O
numerous	O
manufacturers	O
(	O
and	O
a	O
very	O
small	O
number	O
of	O
19-inch	O
widescreen	O
monitors	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
widescreen	O
15.4-inch	O
and	O
17-inch	O
laptop	O
LCD	B-Device
screens	I-Device
like	O
the	O
Thinkpad	B-Operating_System
T61p	O
,	O
the	O
late	O
17	O
"	O
Apple	O
PowerBook	B-Operating_System
G4	I-Operating_System
and	O
the	O
unibody	O
Apple	O
15	O
"	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resolution	O
is	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
1,764,000	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
)	O
with	O
a	O
16:10	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
next	O
highest	O
resolution	O
(	O
for	O
widescreen	O
)	O
after	O
it	O
is	O
WUXGA	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
UXGA	O
or	O
UGA	O
is	O
an	O
abbreviation	O
for	O
Ultra	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
referring	O
to	O
a	O
standard	O
monitor	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
totaling	O
1,920,000	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
exactly	O
four	O
times	O
the	O
default	O
image	O
resolution	O
of	O
#SVGA	O
(	O
800×600	B-General_Concept
)	O
(	O
)	O
(	O
totaling	O
480,000	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dell	O
Inc	O
.	O
refers	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
resolution	O
of	O
1,920,000	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
as	O
UGA	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
UXGA	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
native	O
resolution	O
of	O
many	O
fullscreen	O
monitors	O
of	O
15	O
inches	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
including	O
laptop	O
LCDs	B-Device
such	O
as	O
the	O
ones	O
in	O
the	O
IBM	B-Operating_System
ThinkPad	I-Operating_System
A21p	O
,	O
A30p	O
,	O
A31p	O
,	O
T42p	O
,	O
T43p	O
,	O
T60p	O
,	O
Dell	O
Inspiron	O
8000/8100/8200	O
and	O
Latitude/Precision	O
equivalents	O
;	O
some	O
Panasonic	O
Toughbook	O
CF-51	O
models	O
;	O
and	O
the	O
original	O
Alienware	O
Area	O
51M	O
gaming	O
laptop	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
14-inch	O
laptop	O
LCDs	B-Device
with	O
UXGA	O
have	O
also	O
existed	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Dell	O
Inspiron	O
4100	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
these	O
are	O
very	O
rare	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WUXGA	O
stands	O
for	O
Widescreen	O
Ultra	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
and	O
is	O
a	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
2,304,000	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
)	O
with	O
a	O
16:10	O
screen	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
a	O
wide	B-General_Concept
version	O
of	O
UXGA	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
viewing	O
high-definition	B-Device
television	I-Device
(	O
HDTV	B-Device
)	O
content	O
,	O
which	O
uses	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
and	O
a	O
(	O
720p	O
)	O
or	O
(	O
1080i	O
or	O
1080p	O
)	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
16:10	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
(	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
the	O
16:9	O
used	O
in	O
widescreen	O
televisions	O
)	O
was	O
chosen	O
because	O
this	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
is	O
appropriate	O
for	O
displaying	O
two	O
full	O
pages	O
of	O
text	O
side	O
by	O
side	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WUXGA	O
resolution	O
has	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
2,304,000	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
WUXGA	O
is	O
also	O
available	O
in	O
some	O
mobile	O
phablet	B-Application
devices	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Huawei	O
Honor	O
X2	O
Gem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
next	O
lower	O
standard	O
resolution	O
(	O
for	O
widescreen	O
)	O
before	O
it	O
is	O
WSXGA+	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
1,764,000	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
or	O
30.61	O
%	O
fewer	O
than	O
WUXGA	O
)	O
;	O
the	O
next	O
higher	O
resolution	O
widescreen	O
is	O
an	O
unnamed	O
resolution	O
(	O
supported	O
by	O
the	O
above	O
GDM-FW900	O
and	O
A7217A	O
)	O
and	O
then	O
the	O
more	O
common	O
WQXGA	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
4,096,000	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
or	O
77.78	O
%	O
more	O
than	O
WUXGA	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
QXGA	O
,	O
or	O
Quad	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
,	O
display	O
standard	O
is	O
a	O
resolution	O
standard	O
in	O
display	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
examples	O
of	O
LCD	B-Device
monitors	I-Device
that	O
have	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
counts	O
at	O
these	O
levels	O
are	O
the	O
Dell	O
3008WFP	O
,	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
Cinema	I-Device
Display	I-Device
,	O
the	O
Apple	O
iMac	B-Device
(	O
27-inch	O
2009	O
–	O
present	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
iPad	B-Operating_System
(	O
3rd	B-Operating_System
generation	I-Operating_System
)	O
,	O
the	O
iPad	B-Operating_System
Mini	I-Operating_System
2	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
the	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
(	O
3rd	B-Operating_System
generation	I-Operating_System
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
standard	O
21	O
–	O
22-inch	O
CRT	B-Device
monitors	I-Device
and	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
highest-end	O
19-inch	O
CRTs	O
also	O
support	O
this	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QWXGA	O
(	O
Quad	O
Wide	B-General_Concept
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
)	O
is	O
a	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
few	O
QWXGA	O
LCD	B-Device
monitors	I-Device
were	O
available	O
in	O
2009	O
with	O
23	O
-	O
and	O
27-inch	O
displays	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Acer	O
B233HU	O
(	O
23-inch	O
)	O
and	O
B273HU	O
(	O
27-inch	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
Dell	O
SP2309W	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Samsung	O
2343BWX	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QXGA	O
(	O
Quad	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
)	O
is	O
a	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
comes	O
from	O
it	O
having	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
as	O
an	O
XGA	B-Device
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
LCDs	B-Device
with	O
this	O
resolution	O
are	O
the	O
IBM	O
T210	O
and	O
the	O
Eizo	O
G33	O
and	O
R31	O
screens	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
CRT	B-Device
monitors	I-Device
this	O
resolution	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
common	O
;	O
some	O
examples	O
include	O
the	O
Sony	O
F520	O
,	O
ViewSonic	O
G225fB	O
,	O
NEC	O
FP2141SB	O
or	O
Mitsubishi	O
DP2070SB	O
,	O
Iiyama	O
Vision	O
Master	O
Pro	O
514	O
,	O
and	O
Dell	O
and	O
HP	O
P1230	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
LCDs	B-Device
with	O
WQXGA	O
or	O
QXGA	O
resolution	O
typically	O
cost	O
four	O
to	O
five	O
times	O
more	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IDTech	B-General_Concept
manufactured	O
a	O
15-inch	O
QXGA	O
IPS	O
panel	O
,	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
IBM	B-Operating_System
ThinkPad	I-Operating_System
R50p	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
iPad	B-Operating_System
(	O
starting	O
from	O
3rd	B-Operating_System
generation	I-Operating_System
and	O
Mini	B-Operating_System
2	I-Operating_System
)	O
also	O
has	O
a	O
QXGA	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WQXGA	O
(	O
Wide	B-General_Concept
Quad	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
)	O
is	O
a	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
16:10	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
comes	O
from	O
it	O
being	O
a	O
wide	B-General_Concept
version	O
of	O
QXGA	O
and	O
having	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
many	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
as	O
an	O
WXGA	O
(	O
)	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
obtain	O
a	O
vertical	O
refresh	O
rate	O
higher	O
than	O
40Hz	O
with	O
DVI	B-Protocol
,	O
this	O
resolution	O
requires	O
dual-link	B-Protocol
DVI	I-Protocol
cables	O
and	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
avoid	O
cable	O
problems	O
monitors	O
are	O
sometimes	O
shipped	O
with	O
an	O
appropriate	O
dual	B-Protocol
link	I-Protocol
cable	O
already	O
plugged	O
in	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
video	B-Device
cards	I-Device
support	O
this	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
feature	O
that	O
is	O
currently	O
unique	O
to	O
the	O
30-inch	O
WQXGA	O
monitors	O
is	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
function	O
as	O
the	O
centerpiece	O
and	O
main	O
display	O
of	O
a	O
three-monitor	O
array	O
of	O
complementary	O
aspect	B-Device
ratios	I-Device
,	O
with	O
two	O
UXGA	O
(	O
)	O
20-inch	O
monitors	O
turned	O
vertically	O
on	O
either	O
side	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resulting	O
composite	O
image	O
has	O
a	O
3.1:1	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
also	O
means	O
one	O
UXGA	O
20-inch	O
monitor	O
in	O
portrait	O
orientation	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
flanked	O
by	O
two	O
30-inch	O
WQXGA	O
monitors	O
for	O
a	O
composite	O
image	O
with	O
an	O
11.85:3	O
(	O
79:20	O
,	O
3.95:1	O
)	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
WQXGA	O
medical	O
displays	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Barco	O
Coronis	O
4MP	O
or	O
the	O
Eizo	O
SX3031W	O
)	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
configured	O
as	O
two	O
virtual	O
or	O
seamless	O
displays	O
by	O
using	O
both	O
DVI	B-Protocol
ports	I-Protocol
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
early	O
consumer	O
WQXGA	O
monitor	O
was	O
the	O
30-inch	O
Apple	B-Device
Cinema	I-Device
Display	I-Device
,	O
unveiled	O
by	O
Apple	O
in	O
June	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
dual-link	B-Protocol
DVI	I-Protocol
was	O
uncommon	O
on	O
consumer	O
hardware	O
,	O
so	O
Apple	O
partnered	O
with	O
Nvidia	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
special	O
graphics	B-Device
card	I-Device
that	O
had	O
two	O
dual-link	B-Protocol
DVI	I-Protocol
ports	O
,	O
allowing	O
simultaneous	O
use	O
of	O
two	O
30-inch	O
Apple	B-Device
Cinema	I-Device
Displays	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
nature	O
of	O
this	O
graphics	B-Device
card	I-Device
,	O
being	O
an	O
add-in	O
AGP	O
card	O
,	O
meant	O
that	O
the	O
monitors	O
could	O
only	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
a	O
desktop	O
computer	O
,	O
like	O
the	O
Power	O
Mac	O
G5	O
,	O
that	O
could	O
have	O
the	O
add-in	O
card	O
installed	O
,	O
and	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
immediately	O
used	O
with	O
laptop	O
computers	O
that	O
lacked	O
this	O
expansion	O
capability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2009	O
,	O
Apple	O
updated	O
several	O
Macintosh	O
computers	O
with	O
a	O
Mini	B-Application
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
adapter	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Mac	O
mini	B-Application
and	O
iMac	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
Digital	O
Projection	O
Inc	O
and	O
projectiondesign	O
released	O
models	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
Texas	O
Instruments	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
chip	O
with	O
a	O
native	O
WQXGA	O
resolution	O
,	O
alleviating	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
an	O
anamorphic	O
lens	O
to	O
achieve	O
1:2.35	O
image	O
projection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2016	O
,	O
LG	O
Display	O
make	O
a	O
10-bit	O
30-inch	O
AH-IPS	O
panel	O
,	O
with	O
wide	B-General_Concept
color	O
gamut	O
,	O
used	O
in	O
monitors	O
from	O
Dell	O
,	O
NEC	O
,	O
HP	O
,	O
Lenovo	O
and	O
Iiyama	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Released	O
in	O
November	O
2012	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
Nexus	B-Device
10	I-Device
is	O
the	O
first	O
consumer	O
tablet	B-Device
to	O
feature	O
WQXGA	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
its	O
release	O
,	O
the	O
highest	O
resolution	O
available	O
on	O
a	O
tablet	B-Device
was	O
QXGA	O
(	O
)	O
,	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
Apple	B-Device
iPad	I-Device
3rd	O
and	O
4th	O
generations	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
Samsung	O
Galaxy	O
tablets	B-Device
,	O
including	O
the	O
Note	O
10.1	O
(	O
2014	O
Edition	O
)	O
,	O
Tab	O
S	O
8.4	O
,	O
10.5	O
and	O
TabPRO	O
8.4	O
,	O
10.1	O
and	O
Note	O
Pro	O
12.2	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
Gigaset	O
QV1030	O
,	O
also	O
feature	O
a	O
WQXGA	O
resolution	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2012	O
,	O
Apple	O
released	O
the	O
13	O
inch	O
MacBook	B-Device
Pro	I-Device
with	O
Retina	B-Operating_System
Display	I-Operating_System
that	O
features	O
a	O
WQXGA	O
display	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
new	O
MacBook	O
Air	O
in	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
QSXGA	O
(	O
Quad	O
Super	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
)	O
is	O
a	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
5:4	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Grayscale	O
monitors	O
with	O
a	O
resolution	O
,	O
primarily	O
for	O
medical	O
use	O
,	O
are	O
available	O
from	O
Planar	O
Systems	O
(	O
Dome	O
E5	O
)	O
,	O
Eizo	O
(	O
Radiforce	O
G51	O
)	O
,	O
Barco	O
(	O
Nio	O
5	O
,	O
MP	O
)	O
,	O
WIDE	B-General_Concept
(	O
IF2105MP	O
)	O
,	O
IDTech	B-General_Concept
(	O
IAQS80F	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
possibly	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Recent	O
medical	O
displays	O
such	O
as	O
Barco	O
Coronis	O
Fusion	O
10MP	O
or	O
NDS	O
Dome	O
S10	B-Application
have	O
a	O
native	O
panel	O
resolution	O
of	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
are	O
driven	O
by	O
two	O
dual-link	B-Protocol
DVI	I-Protocol
or	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
outputs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
can	O
be	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
two	O
seamless	O
virtual	O
QSXGA	O
displays	O
as	O
they	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
driven	O
simultaneously	O
by	O
both	O
dual-link	B-Protocol
DVI	I-Protocol
or	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
since	O
one	O
dual-link	B-Protocol
DVI	I-Protocol
or	O
DisplayPort	B-Protocol
cannot	O
single-handedly	O
display	O
10	O
megapixels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
similar	O
resolution	O
of	O
(	O
4:3	O
)	O
was	O
supported	O
by	O
a	O
small	O
number	O
of	O
CRT	B-Device
displays	I-Device
via	O
VGA	B-Protocol
such	O
as	O
the	O
Viewsonic	O
P225f	O
when	O
paired	O
with	O
the	O
right	O
graphics	B-Device
card	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
WQSXGA	O
(	O
Wide	B-General_Concept
Quad	O
Super	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
)	O
describes	O
a	O
display	O
standard	O
that	O
can	O
support	O
a	O
resolution	O
up	O
to	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
assuming	O
a	O
1.5625:1	O
(	O
25:16	O
)	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
QUXGA	O
(	O
Quad	O
Ultra	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
)	O
describes	O
a	O
display	O
standard	O
that	O
can	O
support	O
a	O
resolution	O
up	O
to	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
assuming	O
a	O
4:3	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
WQUXGA	O
(	O
Wide	B-General_Concept
Quad	O
Ultra	O
Extended	B-Device
Graphics	I-Device
Array	I-Device
)	O
describes	O
a	O
display	O
standard	O
that	O
supports	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
provides	O
a	O
16:10	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
resolution	O
is	O
exactly	O
four	O
times	O
(	O
in	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
display	B-Device
cards	I-Device
with	O
a	O
DVI	B-Protocol
connector	I-Protocol
are	O
capable	O
of	O
supporting	O
the	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
maximum	O
refresh	O
rate	O
will	O
be	O
limited	O
by	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
DVI	B-Protocol
links	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
monitor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
or	O
4	O
DVI	B-Protocol
connectors	I-Protocol
are	O
used	O
to	O
drive	O
the	O
monitor	O
using	O
various	O
tile	O
configurations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Only	O
the	O
IBM	O
T221-DG5	O
and	O
IDTech	B-General_Concept
MD22292B5	O
support	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
dual-link	B-Protocol
DVI	I-Protocol
ports	O
through	O
an	O
external	O
converter	O
box	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
systems	O
using	O
these	O
monitors	O
use	O
at	O
least	O
two	O
DVI	B-Protocol
connectors	I-Protocol
to	O
send	O
video	O
to	O
the	O
monitor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
DVI	B-Protocol
connectors	I-Protocol
can	O
be	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
graphics	B-Device
card	I-Device
,	O
different	O
graphics	B-Device
cards	I-Device
,	O
or	O
even	O
different	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Motion	O
across	O
the	O
tile	O
boundary(ies )	O
can	O
show	O
tearing	O
if	O
the	O
DVI	B-Protocol
links	O
are	O
not	O
synchronized	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
display	O
panel	O
can	O
be	O
updated	O
at	O
a	O
speed	O
between	O
0Hz	O
and	O
41Hz	O
(	O
48Hz	O
for	O
the	O
IBM	O
T221-DG5	O
,	O
-DGP	O
,	O
and	O
IDTech	B-General_Concept
MD22292B5	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2001	O
,	O
WQUXGA	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
the	O
IBM	O
T220	O
LCD	B-Device
monitor	I-Device
using	O
a	O
LCD	B-Device
panel	I-Device
built	O
by	O
IDTech	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
LCD	B-Device
displays	I-Device
that	O
support	O
WQUXGA	O
resolution	O
include	O
:	O
IBM	O
T220	O
,	O
IBM	O
T221	O
,	O
Iiyama	O
AQU5611DTBK	O
,	O
ViewSonic	O
VP2290	O
,	O
ADTX	O
MD22292B	O
,	O
and	O
IDTech	B-General_Concept
MD22292	O
(	O
models	O
B0	O
,	O
B1	O
,	O
B2	O
,	O
B5	O
,	O
C0	O
,	O
C2	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IDTech	B-General_Concept
was	O
the	O
original	O
equipment	O
manufacturer	O
which	O
sold	O
these	O
monitors	O
to	O
ADTX	O
,	O
IBM	O
,	O
Iiyama	O
,	O
and	O
ViewSonic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
having	O
used	O
VGA-based	O
3:2	O
resolutions	O
HVGA	O
(	O
480	O
×	O
320	O
)	O
and	O
Retina	O
DVGA	O
(	O
960	O
×	O
640	O
)	O
for	O
several	O
years	O
in	O
their	O
iPhone	B-Application
and	O
iPod	B-Operating_System
products	O
with	O
a	O
screen	O
diagonal	O
of	O
9cm	O
or	O
3.5	O
inches	O
,	O
Apple	O
started	O
using	O
more	O
exotic	O
variants	O
when	O
they	O
adopted	O
the	O
16:9	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
to	O
provide	O
a	O
consistent	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
density	I-Algorithm
across	O
screen	O
sizes	O
:	O
first	O
1136	O
×	O
640	O
(	O
rarely	O
:	O
WDVGA	O
)	O
with	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
5	I-Operating_System
,	O
5C	B-Operating_System
,	O
5S	B-Operating_System
and	O
SE	B-Operating_System
1st	I-Operating_System
for	O
10-cm	O
or	O
4-inch	O
screens	O
,	O
and	O
later	O
1334	O
×	O
750	O
with	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
6	I-Operating_System
,	O
6S	B-Operating_System
,	O
7	B-Application
,	O
8	B-Operating_System
,	O
SE	B-Operating_System
2nd	I-Operating_System
and	O
SE	B-Operating_System
3rd	I-Operating_System
for	O
12-cm	O
or	O
4.7-inch	O
screens	O
,	O
while	O
devices	O
with	O
14-cm	O
or	O
5.5-inch	O
screens	O
used	O
standard	O
1920	O
×	O
1080	O
with	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
6	I-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
,	O
6S	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
,	O
7	B-Application
Plus	I-Application
and	O
8	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
,	O
XS	B-Operating_System
and	O
11	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
introduced	O
a	O
2436	O
×	O
1125	O
resolution	O
for	O
15-cm	O
or	O
5.8-inch	O
screens	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
XS	I-Operating_System
Max	I-Operating_System
and	O
11	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	I-Operating_System
introduced	O
a	O
2688	O
×	O
1242	O
resolution	O
for	O
17-cm	O
or	O
6.5-inch	O
screens	O
(	O
with	O
a	O
notch	O
)	O
all	O
at	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
roughly	O
13:6	O
or	O
,	O
for	O
marketing	O
,	O
19.5:9	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
manufacturers	O
have	O
also	O
introduced	O
phones	O
with	O
irregular	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolutions	I-General_Concept
and	O
aspect	B-Device
ratios	I-Device
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Samsung	O
's	O
various	O
Infinity	O
displays	O
with	O
37:18	O
=	O
:9	O
(	O
Galaxy	O
S8/S9	O
and	O
A8/A9	O
)	O
,	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
2960	O
×	O
1440	O
(	O
Quad	O
HD+	O
,	O
WQHD+	O
)	O
or	O
2220	O
×	O
1080	O
(	O
Full	O
HD+	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
19:9	O
(	O
S10	B-Application
)	O
aspect	B-Device
ratios	I-Device
:	O
3040	O
×	O
1440	O
and	O
2280	O
×	O
1080	O
(	O
S10e	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
air	B-Application
traffic	I-Application
control	I-Application
monitors	O
use	O
displays	O
with	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
2048	O
x	O
2048	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
of	O
1:1	O
,	O
and	O
similar	O
consumer	O
monitors	O
at	O
resolution	O
of	O
1920	O
x	O
1920	O
are	O
also	O
available	O
aimed	O
primarily	O
at	O
productivity	O
tasks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Eizo	O
is	O
major	O
supplier	O
of	O
panels	O
and	O
monitors	O
in	O
this	O
aspect	B-Device
ratio	I-Device
.	O
</s>
