<s>
Ethnographic	B-Application
mapping	I-Application
is	O
a	O
technique	O
used	O
by	O
anthropologists	O
to	O
record	O
and	O
visually	O
display	O
activity	O
of	O
research	O
participants	O
within	O
a	O
given	O
space	O
over	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ethnographic	B-Application
mapping	I-Application
is	O
used	O
to	O
show	O
and	O
understand	O
human	O
interaction	O
within	O
a	O
layout	O
that	O
displays	O
events	O
,	O
places	O
,	O
and	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Not	O
only	O
can	O
ethnographic	B-Application
mapping	I-Application
be	O
used	O
to	O
show	O
the	O
contents	O
of	O
space	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
can	O
also	O
show	O
more	O
abstract	O
contents	O
like	O
organizational	O
structure	O
,	O
processes	O
,	O
and	O
important	O
history	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
essence	O
of	O
this	O
ethnographic	B-Application
mapping	I-Application
is	O
ethnography	O
,	O
which	O
enables	O
the	O
researcher	O
to	O
use	O
qualitative	O
research	O
methods	O
like	O
field-notes	O
,	O
participant	O
observation	O
,	O
and	O
interviewing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Anthropologists	O
can	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
computer	O
assisted	O
programs	O
that	O
enhance	O
ethnographic	B-Application
mapping	I-Application
such	O
as	O
GIS	B-Application
(	O
Geographical	B-Application
Information	I-Application
Systems	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GIS	B-Application
is	O
a	O
computer	O
system	O
capable	O
of	O
managing	O
large	O
amounts	O
of	O
data	O
while	O
also	O
generating	O
data	O
with	O
existing	O
databases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GIS	B-Application
displays	O
spatial	O
referenced	O
forms	O
of	O
data	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
in	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
research	O
applications	O
such	O
as	O
archaeological	O
regional	O
settlement	O
patterns	O
and	O
designing	O
and	O
implementing	O
development	O
projects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GIS	B-Application
has	O
become	O
an	O
increasingly	O
popular	O
technology	O
to	O
use	O
with	O
ethnographic	O
methodologies	O
,	O
specifically	O
with	O
interviewing	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
analyze	O
,	O
compare	O
,	O
and	O
visualize	O
responses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
common	O
knowledge	O
in	O
ethnography	O
that	O
not	O
every	O
measurement	O
can	O
be	O
accurate	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
that	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
method	O
called	O
Triangulation	B-Algorithm
that	O
allows	O
researchers	O
to	O
expedite	O
field	O
measurements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Triangulation	B-Algorithm
requires	O
measuring	O
distance	O
and	O
angles	O
with	O
approximate	O
precision	O
,	O
and	O
thus	O
creating	O
triangles	O
linked	O
by	O
identifiable	O
features	O
of	O
a	O
setting	O
that	O
network	O
together	O
to	O
determine	O
distances	O
of	O
relative	O
positions	O
of	O
a	O
setting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ethnographic	B-Application
mapping	I-Application
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
tool	O
to	O
visualize	O
organizational	O
structure	O
to	O
indicate	O
inter-organizational	O
relationships	O
and	O
power	O
dynamics	O
.	O
</s>
