<s>
The	O
Environmental	B-Application
Modeling	I-Application
Center	I-Application
(	O
EMC	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
United	O
States	O
Government	O
agency	O
,	O
which	O
improves	O
numerical	O
weather	O
,	O
marine	O
and	O
climate	O
predictions	O
at	O
the	O
National	O
Centers	O
for	O
Environmental	O
Prediction	O
(	O
NCEP	O
)	O
,	O
through	O
a	O
broad	O
program	O
of	O
research	O
in	O
data	O
assimilation	O
and	O
modeling	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
1954	O
,	O
the	O
Joint	O
Numerical	B-General_Concept
Weather	I-General_Concept
Prediction	I-General_Concept
Unit	O
(	O
JNWPU	O
)	O
was	O
created	O
to	O
test	O
out	O
numerical	B-General_Concept
weather	I-General_Concept
prediction	I-General_Concept
techniques	O
by	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Operational	O
numerical	B-General_Concept
weather	I-General_Concept
prediction	I-General_Concept
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
began	O
in	O
1955	O
under	O
the	O
JNWPU	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
NMC	O
changed	O
its	O
name	O
to	O
NCEP	O
,	O
the	O
National	O
Centers	O
for	O
Environmental	O
Prediction	O
on	O
October	O
1	O
,	O
1995	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
Environmental	B-Application
Modeling	I-Application
Center	I-Application
(	O
EMC	O
)	O
becoming	O
one	O
of	O
its	O
subunits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Environmental	B-Application
Modeling	I-Application
Center	I-Application
is	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
,	O
running	O
,	O
and	O
maintenance	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
20	O
numerical	B-General_Concept
weather	I-General_Concept
prediction	I-General_Concept
systems	O
comprising	O
NCEP	O
's	O
operational	O
production	O
suite	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
models	O
include	O
the	O
Rapid	B-Application
Refresh	I-Application
(	O
RAP	O
)	O
,	O
Global	O
Forecast	O
System	O
(	O
GFS	O
)	O
,	O
Global	O
Ensemble	O
Forecast	O
System	O
(	O
GEFS	O
)	O
,	O
WaveWatch	O
III	O
,	O
Short	O
Range	O
Ensemble	O
Forecast	O
(	O
SREF	O
)	O
,	O
Climate	B-Application
Forecast	I-Application
System	I-Application
(	O
CFS	O
)	O
,	O
Global	O
Real-Time	O
Ocean	O
Forecast	O
System	O
(	O
RTOFS	O
)	O
,	O
North	B-Application
American	I-Application
Mesoscale	I-Application
Model	I-Application
(	O
NAM	O
)	O
,	O
Hurricane	B-Application
Weather	I-Application
Research	I-Application
and	I-Application
Forecasting	I-Application
model	I-Application
(	O
HWRF	B-Application
)	O
,	O
and	O
Hurricanes	O
in	O
a	O
Multi-scale	O
Ocean-coupled	O
Non-hydrostatic	O
Model	O
(	O
HMON	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
