<s>
Enterprise	B-General_Concept
cognitive	I-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
(	O
ECS	O
)	O
are	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
broader	O
shift	O
in	O
computing	O
,	O
from	O
a	O
programmatic	O
to	O
a	O
probabilistic	O
approach	O
,	O
called	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
Enterprise	B-General_Concept
Cognitive	I-General_Concept
System	I-General_Concept
makes	O
a	O
new	O
class	O
of	O
complex	O
decision	B-Application
support	I-Application
problems	O
computable	O
,	O
where	O
the	O
business	O
context	O
is	O
ambiguous	O
,	O
multi-faceted	O
,	O
and	O
fast-evolving	O
,	O
and	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
in	O
such	O
a	O
situation	O
is	O
usually	O
assessed	O
today	O
by	O
the	O
business	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
general-purpose	O
cognitive	O
systems	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
different	O
outputs	O
,	O
prescriptive	O
,	O
suggestive	O
,	O
instructive	O
,	O
or	O
simply	O
entertaining	O
,	O
an	O
enterprise	B-General_Concept
cognitive	I-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
is	O
focused	O
on	O
action	O
,	O
not	O
insight	O
,	O
to	O
help	O
in	O
assessing	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
in	O
a	O
complex	O
situation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Iterative	O
and	O
stateful	B-Application
:	O
They	O
must	O
aid	O
in	O
defining	O
a	O
problem	O
by	O
asking	O
questions	O
or	O
finding	O
additional	O
source	O
input	O
if	O
a	O
problem	O
statement	O
is	O
ambiguous	O
or	O
incomplete	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
stateful	B-Application
memory	O
of	O
overall	O
interactions	O
across	O
communication	O
channels	O
is	O
critical	O
for	O
understanding	O
of	O
context	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
static	O
profile	O
will	O
not	O
capture	O
intent	O
and	O
outcome	O
potential	O
the	O
way	O
behavior	O
does	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
may	O
draw	O
on	O
multiple	O
sources	O
of	O
information	O
,	O
including	O
both	O
structured	O
and	O
unstructured	B-Application
digital	I-Application
information	I-Application
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
sensory	O
inputs	O
(	O
visual	O
,	O
gestural	O
,	O
auditory	O
,	O
or	O
sensor-provided	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
most	O
business	O
environments	O
,	O
such	O
data	O
is	O
captured	O
in	O
existing	O
enterprise	B-General_Concept
information	I-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
the	O
effort	O
is	O
linked	O
to	O
quickly	O
source	O
and	O
unify	O
such	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
rare	O
to	O
have	O
to	O
directly	O
process	O
sensor	O
,	O
audio	O
or	O
visual	O
data	O
in	O
real-time	O
as	O
direct	O
input	O
into	O
the	O
enterprise	B-General_Concept
cognitive	I-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
