<s>
artificial	O
life	O
and	O
evolutionary	O
computation	O
)	O
the	O
fitness	O
(	O
or	O
performance	O
or	O
objective	O
measure	O
)	O
of	O
a	O
schema	B-Algorithm
is	O
rescaled	O
to	O
give	O
its	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
which	O
takes	O
into	O
account	O
crossover	O
and	O
mutation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
is	O
used	O
in	O
Evolutionary	O
Computation	O
to	O
understand	O
population	O
dynamics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
a	O
biological	O
fitness	O
function	O
only	O
looks	O
at	O
reproductive	O
success	O
,	O
an	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
function	O
tries	O
to	O
encompass	O
things	O
that	O
are	O
needed	O
to	O
be	O
fulfilled	O
for	O
survival	O
on	O
population	O
level	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
homogeneous	O
populations	O
,	O
reproductive	O
fitness	O
and	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
are	O
equal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
a	O
population	O
moves	O
away	O
from	O
homogeneity	O
a	O
higher	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
is	O
reached	O
for	O
the	O
recessive	O
genotype	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
this	O
equilibrium	O
is	O
reached	O
,	O
the	O
maximum	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
of	O
the	O
population	O
is	O
achieved	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
function	O
models	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
fit	O
offspring	O
and	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
calculations	O
that	O
include	O
evolutionary	O
processes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
mutation	O
and	O
crossover	O
,	O
important	O
on	O
the	O
population	O
level	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
model	O
is	O
superior	O
to	O
its	O
predecessor	O
,	O
the	O
standard	O
reproductive	O
fitness	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
advances	O
in	O
the	O
qualitatively	O
and	O
quantitatively	O
understanding	O
of	O
evolutionary	O
concepts	O
like	O
bloat	O
,	O
self-adaptation	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
evolutionary	O
robustness	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
reproductive	O
fitness	O
only	O
looks	O
at	O
pure	O
selection	O
,	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
describes	O
the	O
flow	O
of	O
a	O
population	O
and	O
natural	O
selection	O
by	O
taking	O
genetic	O
operators	O
into	O
account	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
normal	O
fitness	O
function	O
fits	O
to	O
a	O
problem	O
,	O
while	O
an	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
function	O
is	O
an	O
assumption	O
if	O
the	O
objective	O
was	O
reached	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
evolutionary	O
equations	O
of	O
the	O
studied	O
population	O
dynamics	O
are	O
available	O
,	O
one	O
can	O
algorithmically	O
compute	O
the	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
of	O
a	O
given	O
population	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
the	O
perfect	O
effective	B-Algorithm
fitness	I-Algorithm
model	O
is	O
yet	O
to	O
be	O
found	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
already	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
good	O
framework	O
to	O
the	O
better	O
understanding	O
of	O
the	O
moving	O
of	O
the	O
genotype-phenotype	O
map	O
,	O
population	O
dynamics	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
flow	O
on	O
fitness	O
landscapes	O
.	O
</s>
