<s>
DUNE	B-Language
(	O
Distributed	O
and	O
Unified	O
Numerics	O
Environment	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
modular	O
C++	B-Language
library	O
for	O
the	O
solution	O
of	O
partial	O
differential	O
equations	O
using	O
grid-based	O
methods	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DUNE	B-Language
library	O
is	O
divided	O
into	O
modules	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
general	O
classes	O
and	O
infrastructure	O
:	O
dune-common	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
geometry	O
classes	O
:	O
dune-geometry	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
grid	O
interface	O
:	O
dune-grid	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
linear	O
algebra	O
classes	O
:	O
dune-istl	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
local	O
ansatz	O
functions	O
:	O
dune-localfunctions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
development	O
of	O
DUNE	B-Language
started	O
in	O
2002	O
on	O
the	O
initiative	O
of	O
Prof	O
.	O
Bastian	O
(	O
then	O
Heidelberg	O
University	O
)	O
,	O
Dr.	O
Ohlberger	O
(	O
during	O
his	O
habilitation	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Freiburg	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Prof	O
.	O
Rumpf	O
(	O
then	O
University	O
of	O
Duisburg-Essen	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
the	O
same	O
reason	O
a	O
license	O
was	O
chosen	O
which	O
allows	O
DUNE	B-Language
together	O
with	O
proprietary	O
libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
most	O
of	O
developers	O
still	O
have	O
a	O
university	O
background	O
,	O
others	O
are	O
providing	O
commercial	O
support	O
for	O
DUNE	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
What	O
sets	O
DUNE	B-Language
apart	O
from	O
other	O
finite	B-Application
element	I-Application
programs	O
is	O
that	O
right	O
from	O
the	O
start	O
the	O
main	O
design	O
goal	O
of	O
DUNE	B-Language
was	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
coupling	O
of	O
new	O
and	O
legacy	O
codes	O
efficiently	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DUNE	B-Language
is	O
primarily	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
abstract	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
,	O
which	O
embody	O
concepts	O
from	O
scientific	O
computing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
are	O
mainly	O
intended	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
finite	B-Application
element	I-Application
and	O
finite	B-Algorithm
volume	I-Algorithm
applications	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
finite	B-Algorithm
difference	I-Algorithm
methods	I-Algorithm
are	O
possible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Various	O
C++	B-Language
techniques	O
such	O
as	O
template	B-Application
programming	I-Application
,	O
generic	B-Language
programming	I-Language
,	O
C++	B-Language
template	I-Language
metaprogramming	I-Language
,	O
and	O
static	O
polymorphism	O
are	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
allow	O
the	O
compiler	B-Language
to	O
eliminate	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
overhead	O
introduced	O
by	O
the	O
extra	O
layer	O
of	O
abstraction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
high	O
level	O
of	O
standard	O
conformance	O
is	O
required	O
for	O
this	O
from	O
the	O
compiler	B-Language
.	O
</s>
