<s>
Document	B-Application
engineering	I-Application
is	O
the	O
discipline	O
that	O
addresses	O
the	O
effective	O
design	O
,	O
implementation	O
,	O
and	O
use	O
of	O
information	B-General_Concept
expressed	O
in	O
documents	O
of	O
all	O
kinds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
part	O
,	O
it	O
comprises	O
document-centric	O
synthesis	O
of	O
complementary	O
ideas	O
from	O
information	B-General_Concept
and	O
systems	O
analysis	O
,	O
electronic	O
publishing	O
,	O
business	O
process	O
analysis	O
,	O
and	O
business	B-Application
informatics	I-Application
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
the	O
documents	O
and	O
processes	O
make	O
sense	O
to	O
the	O
people	O
and	O
applications	O
that	O
need	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Association	O
for	O
Computing	O
Machinery	O
holds	O
annual	O
conferences	O
on	O
Document	B-Application
Engineering	I-Application
for	O
many	O
years	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
document	B-Application
engineering	I-Application
,	O
document	O
may	O
refer	O
to	O
any	O
kind	O
of	O
document	O
,	O
but	O
most	O
often	O
refers	O
to	O
documents	O
somehow	O
encoded	O
in	O
digital	O
forms	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
ordered	O
pieces	O
of	O
information	B-General_Concept
extracted	O
or	O
derived	O
from	O
documents	O
,	O
typically	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
by	O
computer	B-Application
applications	I-Application
or	O
web	O
services	O
rather	O
than	O
directly	O
by	O
people	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
structure	O
of	O
information	B-General_Concept
both	O
within	O
and	O
as	O
extracted	O
from	O
documents	O
,	O
has	O
particular	O
relevance	O
in	O
the	O
areas	O
of	O
XML	B-Protocol
and	O
SQL	B-Language
schema	O
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
principles	O
of	O
document	B-Application
engineering	I-Application
were	O
applied	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
OASIS	B-Language
Universal	I-Language
Business	I-Language
Language	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
order	O
to	O
actualize	O
these	O
internet	O
information	B-General_Concept
exchanges	O
,	O
document	B-Application
engineering	I-Application
addresses	O
the	O
analysis	O
,	O
design	O
,	O
representation	O
,	O
and	O
implementation	O
of	O
the	O
information	B-General_Concept
involved	O
in	O
each	O
step	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
2003	O
to	O
2007	O
,	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
California	O
,	O
Berkeley	O
operated	O
a	O
research	O
center	O
for	O
document	B-Application
engineering	I-Application
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
subsumed	O
by	O
its	O
program	O
in	O
Information	B-General_Concept
and	O
Service	O
Design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
conventional	O
discipline	O
that	O
most	O
resembles	O
document	B-Application
engineering	I-Application
is	O
probably	O
business	B-Application
informatics	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
document	B-Application
engineering	I-Application
emphasizes	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
conceptual	O
modeling	O
of	O
documents	O
and	O
processes	O
at	O
an	O
implementable	O
granularity	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
so	O
involves	O
linguistics	O
,	O
ontology	B-Language
,	O
database	B-General_Concept
theory	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
other	O
disciplines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ACM	O
Symposium	O
on	O
Document	B-Application
Engineering	I-Application
is	O
a	O
yearly	O
conference	O
of	O
computer	O
scientists	O
interested	O
in	O
document	B-Application
engineering	I-Application
and	O
related	O
domains	O
of	O
text	O
or	O
document	O
processing	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
held	O
since	O
2001	O
.	O
</s>
