<s>
Django	B-Language
(	O
;	O
sometimes	O
stylized	O
as	O
django	B-Language
)	O
is	O
a	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
,	O
Python-based	O
web	B-Application
framework	I-Application
that	O
follows	O
the	O
model	O
–	O
template	O
–	O
views	O
(	O
MTV	O
)	O
architectural	O
pattern	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
maintained	O
by	O
the	O
Django	B-Application
Software	I-Application
Foundation	I-Application
(	O
DSF	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
independent	O
organization	O
established	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
as	O
a	O
501(c )	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
non-profit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
's	O
primary	O
goal	O
is	O
to	O
ease	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
complex	O
,	O
database-driven	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
framework	O
emphasizes	O
reusability	B-Application
and	O
"	O
pluggability	O
"	O
of	O
components	O
,	O
less	O
code	O
,	O
low	O
coupling	O
,	O
rapid	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
principle	O
of	O
do	O
n't	O
repeat	O
yourself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Python	B-Language
is	O
used	O
throughout	O
,	O
even	O
for	O
settings	O
,	O
files	O
,	O
and	O
data	B-Application
models	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
also	O
provides	O
an	O
optional	O
administrative	O
create	B-General_Concept
,	I-General_Concept
read	I-General_Concept
,	I-General_Concept
update	I-General_Concept
and	I-General_Concept
delete	I-General_Concept
interface	O
that	O
is	O
generated	O
dynamically	O
through	O
introspection	B-Application
and	O
configured	O
via	O
admin	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
well-known	O
sites	O
that	O
use	O
Django	B-Language
include	O
Instagram	B-Application
,	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
,	O
Disqus	O
,	O
Bitbucket	B-Protocol
,	O
Nextdoor	O
and	O
Clubhouse	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
was	O
created	O
in	O
the	O
fall	O
of	O
2003	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
web	O
programmers	O
at	O
the	O
Lawrence	O
Journal-World	O
newspaper	O
,	O
Adrian	O
Holovaty	O
and	O
Simon	O
Willison	O
,	O
began	O
using	O
Python	B-Language
to	O
build	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jacob	O
Kaplan-Moss	O
was	O
hired	O
early	O
in	O
Django	B-Language
's	O
development	O
shortly	O
before	O
Simon	O
Willison	O
's	O
internship	O
ended	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
released	O
publicly	O
under	O
a	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
license	I-Operating_System
in	O
July	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
framework	O
was	O
named	O
after	O
guitarist	O
Django	B-Language
Reinhardt	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Adrian	O
Holovaty	O
is	O
a	O
Romani	O
jazz	O
guitar	O
player	O
and	O
a	O
big	O
fan	O
of	O
Django	B-Language
Reinhardt	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2008	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
announced	O
that	O
a	O
newly	O
formed	O
Django	B-Application
Software	I-Application
Foundation	I-Application
(	O
DSF	O
)	O
would	O
maintain	O
Django	B-Language
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
having	O
its	O
own	O
nomenclature	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
naming	O
the	O
callable	O
objects	O
generating	O
the	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
responses	O
"	O
views	O
"	O
,	O
the	O
core	O
Django	B-Language
framework	I-Language
can	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
an	O
MVC	O
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
consists	O
of	O
an	O
object-relational	B-General_Concept
mapper	I-General_Concept
(	O
ORM	B-General_Concept
)	O
that	O
mediates	O
between	O
data	B-Application
models	I-Application
(	O
defined	O
as	O
Python	B-Language
classes	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
(	O
"	O
Model	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
system	O
for	O
processing	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
requests	I-Protocol
with	O
a	O
web	B-Application
templating	I-Application
system	I-Application
(	O
"	O
View	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
regular-expression-based	O
URL	O
dispatcher	O
(	O
"	O
Controller	O
"	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
Django	B-Language
distribution	O
also	O
bundles	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
applications	O
in	O
its	O
"	O
contrib	O
"	O
package	O
,	O
including	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
's	O
configuration	O
system	O
allows	O
third	O
party	O
code	O
to	O
be	O
plugged	O
into	O
a	O
regular	O
project	O
,	O
provided	O
that	O
it	O
follows	O
the	O
reusable	O
app	O
conventions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
than	O
5000	O
packages	O
are	O
available	O
to	O
extend	O
the	O
framework	O
's	O
original	O
behavior	O
,	O
providing	O
solutions	O
to	O
issues	O
the	O
original	O
tool	O
did	O
n't	O
tackle	O
:	O
registration	O
,	O
search	O
,	O
API	B-Application
provision	O
and	O
consumption	O
,	O
CMS	B-Protocol
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
Django	B-Language
philosophy	O
implies	O
loose	O
coupling	O
,	O
the	O
template	O
filters	O
and	O
tags	O
assume	O
one	O
engine	O
implementation	O
,	O
and	O
both	O
the	O
auth	O
and	O
admin	O
bundled	O
applications	O
require	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
internal	O
ORM	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
None	O
of	O
these	O
filters	O
or	O
bundled	O
apps	O
are	O
mandatory	O
to	O
run	O
a	O
Django	B-Language
project	I-Language
,	O
but	O
reusable	O
apps	O
tend	O
to	O
depend	O
on	O
them	O
,	O
encouraging	O
developers	O
to	O
keep	O
using	O
the	O
official	O
stack	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
benefit	O
fully	O
from	O
the	O
apps	O
ecosystem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
can	O
be	O
run	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
Apache	B-Application
,	O
Nginx	B-Operating_System
using	O
WSGI	B-Language
,	O
Gunicorn	B-Application
,	O
or	O
Cherokee	B-Language
using	O
flup	O
(	O
a	O
Python	B-Language
module	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
also	O
includes	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
launch	O
a	O
FastCGI	O
server	O
,	O
enabling	O
use	O
behind	O
any	O
web	B-Application
server	I-Application
which	O
supports	O
FastCGI	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Lighttpd	B-Protocol
or	O
Hiawatha	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
also	O
possible	O
to	O
use	O
other	O
WSGI-compliant	O
web	B-Application
servers	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
officially	O
supports	O
five	O
database	O
backends	O
:	O
PostgreSQL	B-Application
,	O
MySQL	B-Application
,	O
MariaDB	B-Application
,	O
SQLite	B-Language
,	O
and	O
Oracle	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
SQL	I-Application
Server	I-Application
can	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
django-mssql	O
while	O
similarly	O
external	O
backends	O
exist	O
for	O
IBM	B-Application
Db2	I-Application
,	O
SQL	B-Application
Anywhere	I-Application
and	O
Firebird	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
a	O
fork	B-Application
named	O
django-nonrel	O
,	O
which	O
supports	O
NoSQL	B-General_Concept
databases	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
MongoDB	B-Application
and	O
Google	B-Application
App	I-Application
Engine	I-Application
's	O
Datastore	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
may	O
also	O
be	O
run	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
Jython	B-Language
on	O
any	O
Java	B-Language
EE	I-Language
application	O
server	O
such	O
as	O
GlassFish	B-Language
or	O
JBoss	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
case	O
django-jython	O
must	O
be	O
installed	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
provide	O
JDBC	B-Language
drivers	O
for	O
database	O
connectivity	O
,	O
which	O
also	O
can	O
provide	O
functionality	O
to	O
compile	O
Django	B-Language
in	O
to	O
a	O
.war	O
suitable	O
for	O
deployment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Django	B-Language
team	O
will	O
occasionally	O
designate	O
certain	O
releases	O
to	O
be	O
"	O
long-term	O
support	O
"	O
(	O
LTS	O
)	O
releases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Version	O
Release	O
DateEnd	O
of	O
mainstream	O
supportEnd	O
of	O
extended	O
support	O
Notes	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Introducing	O
Django	B-Language
0.90	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Retrieved	O
2	O
February	O
2013	O
.	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
0.91	O
released	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
new-admin	O
"	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Introducing	O
Django	B-Language
0.95	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
magic	O
removal	O
"	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Announcing	O
Django	B-Language
0.96	O
!	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
newforms	O
"	O
,	O
testing	O
tools	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.0	O
released	O
!	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
API	B-Application
stability	O
,	O
decoupled	O
admin	O
,	O
unicode	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.1	O
released	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Aggregates	O
,	O
transaction	O
based	O
tests	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.2	O
released	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multiple	O
db	O
connections	O
,	O
CSRF	B-Protocol
,	O
model	O
validation	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.3	O
released	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Class	O
based	O
views	O
,	O
staticfiles	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.4	O
released	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.5	O
released	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Python	B-Language
3	O
Support	O
,	O
configurable	O
user	O
model	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.6	O
released	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.7	O
released	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.8	O
released	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Native	O
support	O
for	O
multiple	O
template	B-Application
engines	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
ended	O
on	O
1	O
April	O
2018	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.9	O
released	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.10	O
released	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Full	O
text	O
search	O
for	O
PostgreSQL	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
New-style	O
middleware	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
1.11	O
released	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Last	O
version	O
to	O
support	O
Python	B-Language
2.7	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Support	O
ended	O
on	O
1	O
April	O
2020	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
2.0	O
released	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
Python	B-Language
3-only	O
release	O
,	O
Simplified	O
URL	O
routing	O
syntax	O
,	O
Mobile	O
friendly	O
admin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
2.1	O
released	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
weblog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
2.2	O
release	O
notes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
3.0	O
release	O
notes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ASGI	B-Language
support	O
scope	O
=	O
"	O
row	O
"	O
Django	B-Language
3.1	O
release	O
notes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
a	O
semiannual	O
conference	O
for	O
Django	B-Language
developers	O
and	O
users	O
,	O
named	O
"	O
DjangoCon	O
"	O
,	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
held	O
since	O
September	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
mini-conferences	O
are	O
usually	O
held	O
every	O
year	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	O
Python	B-Language
Conference	I-Language
'	O
PyCon	B-Language
AU	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
has	O
spawned	O
user	O
groups	O
and	O
meetups	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
notable	O
group	O
is	O
the	O
Django	B-Language
Girls	O
organization	O
,	O
which	O
began	O
in	O
Poland	O
but	O
now	O
has	O
had	O
events	O
in	O
91	O
countries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Programmers	O
have	O
ported	O
Django	B-Language
's	O
template	B-Application
engine	I-Application
design	O
from	O
Python	B-Language
to	O
other	O
languages	O
,	O
providing	O
decent	O
cross-platform	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
these	O
options	O
are	O
more	O
direct	O
ports	O
;	O
others	O
,	O
though	O
inspired	O
by	O
Django	B-Language
and	O
retaining	O
its	O
concepts	O
,	O
take	O
the	O
liberty	O
to	O
deviate	O
from	O
Django	B-Language
's	O
design	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Django	B-Language
as	O
a	O
framework	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
building	O
a	O
complete	O
CMS	B-Protocol
,	O
however	O
there	O
are	O
dedicated	O
CMS	B-Protocol
projects	O
which	O
are	O
built	O
upon	O
and	O
extend	O
the	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Below	O
is	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
a	O
few	O
of	O
the	O
more	O
popular	O
Django-based	O
CMSs	O
:	O
</s>
