<s>
The	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
transition	O
,	O
also	O
called	O
the	O
digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
(	O
DSO	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
analogue	O
switch/sign	O
-off	O
(	O
ASO	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
digital	B-General_Concept
migration	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
analogue	O
shutdown	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
process	O
in	O
which	O
older	O
analogue	O
television	O
broadcasting	O
technology	O
is	O
converted	O
to	O
and	O
replaced	O
by	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Conducted	O
by	O
individual	O
nations	O
on	O
different	O
schedules	O
,	O
this	O
primarily	O
involves	O
the	O
conversion	O
of	O
analogue	O
terrestrial	O
television	O
broadcasting	O
infrastructure	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
(	O
DTT	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
major	O
benefit	O
being	O
extra	O
frequencies	O
on	O
the	O
radio	B-Algorithm
spectrum	I-Algorithm
and	O
lower	O
broadcasting	O
costs	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
improved	O
viewing	O
qualities	O
for	O
consumers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
transition	O
may	O
also	O
involve	O
analogue	O
cable	O
conversion	O
to	O
digital	B-Device
cable	I-Device
or	O
Internet	O
Protocol	O
television	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
analog	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
satellite	O
television	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
an	O
involved	O
process	O
because	O
the	O
existing	O
analogue	O
television	O
receivers	O
owned	O
by	O
viewers	O
cannot	O
receive	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
;	O
viewers	O
must	O
either	O
purchase	O
new	O
digital	B-Application
TVs	I-Application
,	O
or	O
digital	B-Device
converter	I-Device
boxes	I-Device
which	O
have	O
a	O
digital	B-General_Concept
tuner	O
and	O
change	O
the	O
digital	B-General_Concept
signal	O
to	O
an	O
analog	O
signal	O
or	O
some	O
other	O
form	O
of	O
a	O
digital	B-General_Concept
signal	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
HDMI	B-Protocol
)	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
received	O
on	O
the	O
older	O
TV	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Usually	O
during	O
a	O
transition	O
,	O
a	O
simulcast	O
service	O
is	O
operated	O
where	O
a	O
broadcast	O
is	O
made	O
available	O
to	O
viewers	O
in	O
both	O
analogue	O
and	O
digital	B-General_Concept
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
digital	B-General_Concept
becomes	O
more	O
popular	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
expected	O
that	O
the	O
existing	O
analogue	O
services	O
will	O
be	O
removed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
most	O
places	O
this	O
has	O
already	O
happened	O
,	O
where	O
a	O
broadcaster	O
has	O
offered	O
incentives	O
to	O
viewers	O
to	O
encourage	O
them	O
to	O
switch	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
governments	O
can	O
also	O
have	O
a	O
say	O
with	O
the	O
broadcasters	O
as	O
to	O
what	O
digital	B-General_Concept
standard	O
to	O
adopt	O
–	O
either	O
DVB-T	O
,	O
ATSC	B-Device
,	O
ISDB-T	O
,	O
or	O
DTMB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Governments	O
can	O
also	O
require	O
all	O
receiving	O
equipment	O
sold	O
in	O
a	O
country	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
necessary	O
digital	B-General_Concept
'	O
tuner	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
,	O
PAL	B-Language
and	O
NTSC	O
were	O
used	O
for	O
both	O
video	O
processing	O
within	O
TV	O
stations	O
and	O
for	O
broadcasting	O
to	O
viewers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
of	O
this	O
,	O
the	O
switchover	O
process	O
may	O
also	O
include	O
the	O
adoption	O
of	O
digital	B-General_Concept
equipment	O
using	O
serial	B-Protocol
digital	I-Protocol
interface	I-Protocol
(	O
SDI	O
)	O
on	O
TV	O
stations	O
,	O
replacing	O
analogue	O
PAL	B-Language
or	O
NTSC	O
component	O
or	O
composite	O
video	O
equipment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
standards	O
are	O
only	O
used	O
to	O
broadcast	O
video	O
to	O
viewers	O
;	O
Digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
stations	O
usually	O
use	O
SDI	O
irrespective	O
of	O
broadcast	O
standard	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
might	O
be	O
possible	O
for	O
a	O
station	O
still	O
using	O
analogue	O
equipment	O
to	O
convert	O
its	O
signal	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
before	O
it	O
is	O
broadcast	O
,	O
or	O
for	O
a	O
station	O
to	O
use	O
digital	B-General_Concept
equipment	O
but	O
convert	O
the	O
signal	O
to	O
analogue	O
for	O
broadcasting	O
,	O
or	O
they	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
mix	O
of	O
both	O
digital	B-General_Concept
and	O
analogue	O
equipment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
signals	O
require	O
less	O
transmission	O
power	O
to	O
be	O
broadcast	O
and	O
received	O
satisfactorily	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Different	O
standards	O
have	O
been	O
developed	O
for	O
the	O
broadcast	O
transmission	O
of	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
,	O
comparable	O
to	O
the	O
older	O
analog	O
standards	O
they	O
replace	O
:	O
NTSC	O
,	O
PAL	B-Language
and	O
SECAM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
agreement	O
set	O
17	O
June	O
2015	O
as	O
the	O
date	O
after	O
which	O
countries	O
may	O
use	O
frequencies	O
currently	O
assigned	O
for	O
analog	O
television	O
transmission	O
for	O
digital	B-General_Concept
services	O
(	O
specifically	O
DVB-T	O
)	O
,	O
without	O
being	O
required	O
to	O
protect	O
the	O
analog	O
services	O
of	O
neighbouring	O
countries	O
against	O
interference	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
date	O
was	O
generally	O
viewed	O
as	O
an	O
internationally	O
mandated	O
analog	O
switch-off	O
date	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
along	O
national	O
borders	O
—	O
except	O
for	O
those	O
operating	O
on	O
the	O
VHF	B-Algorithm
band	I-Algorithm
which	O
would	O
be	O
allowed	O
until	O
17	O
June	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
European	O
Commission	O
,	O
on	O
a	O
different	O
note	O
,	O
had	O
recommended	O
on	O
28	O
October	O
2009	O
that	O
digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
should	O
be	O
completed	O
by	O
1	O
January	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analog-only	O
TVs	O
are	O
incapable	O
of	O
receiving	O
over-the-air	O
broadcasts	O
without	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
a	O
set-top	O
converter	B-Device
box	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Consequently	O
,	O
a	O
digital	B-Device
converter	I-Device
box	I-Device
–	O
an	O
electronic	O
device	O
that	O
connects	O
to	O
an	O
analog	O
television	O
–	O
must	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
television	O
to	O
receive	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
the	O
government	O
subsidized	O
the	O
purchase	O
of	O
such	O
boxes	O
for	O
consumers	O
via	O
their	O
coupon-eligible	O
converter	B-Device
box	I-Device
program	O
in	O
2009	O
,	O
funded	O
by	O
a	O
small	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
billions	O
of	O
dollars	O
brought	O
in	O
by	O
a	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
auction	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Televisions	O
with	O
integrated	O
digital	B-General_Concept
tuners	O
have	O
been	O
available	O
for	O
a	O
considerable	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Satellite	O
broadcasting	O
switched	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
much	O
earlier	O
than	O
terrestrial	O
broadcasting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
countries	O
where	O
terrestrial	O
is	O
little	O
used	O
,	O
the	O
migration	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
satellite	O
or	O
cable	O
is	O
more	O
realized	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
,	O
in	O
Switzerland	B-Protocol
or	O
the	O
UAE	O
,	O
where	O
terrestrial	O
has	O
low	O
usage	O
,	O
the	O
terrestrial	O
switchover	O
was	O
not	O
noticed	O
by	O
the	O
general	O
population	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
started	O
in	O
2009	O
,	O
analog	O
signals	O
were	O
switched	O
off	O
on	O
10	O
November	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
started	O
transitioning	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
in	O
the	O
early	O
2010s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
After	O
DTT	O
launched	O
in	O
2008	O
,	O
analog	O
switch	O
off	O
was	O
supposed	O
to	O
take	O
place	O
in	O
2013	O
,	O
however	O
media	O
houses	O
challenged	O
the	O
move	O
in	O
court	O
and	O
the	O
switch	O
off	O
was	O
since	O
moved	O
to	O
31	O
December	O
2014	O
for	O
the	O
metropolitan	O
areas	O
and	O
their	O
surroundings	O
while	O
in	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
switched	O
to	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
in	O
March	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
7	O
multiplexes	O
of	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
were	O
available	O
in	O
Tripoli	O
in	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
First	O
digital	B-General_Concept
(	O
DVB-T	O
)	O
broadcasts	O
commenced	O
30	O
September	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
first	O
African	O
country	O
to	O
go	O
digital	B-General_Concept
when	O
it	O
launched	O
DTT	O
in	O
February	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Switched	O
to	O
DVB-T	O
,	O
with	O
plans	O
to	O
upgrade	O
to	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
is	O
broadcasting	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
multiplexes	O
in	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
(	O
SD	O
&	O
HD	O
)	O
from	O
Sudan	O
TV	O
since	O
late	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
began	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
in	O
2003	O
,	O
using	O
DVB-T	O
,	O
then	O
since	O
2015	O
,	O
using	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Switched	O
to	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analog	O
channels	O
were	O
first	O
shut	O
off	O
on	O
10	O
September	O
2018	O
in	O
the	O
areas	O
of	O
Durrës	O
and	O
Tirana	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
were	O
restored	O
later	O
in	O
the	O
day	O
because	O
the	O
supply	O
of	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
decoders	O
was	O
not	O
enough	O
to	O
cover	O
the	O
demand	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analog	O
satellite	O
broadcasts	O
stopped	O
in	O
2002	O
shortly	O
before	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
digital	B-General_Concept
satellite	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Analogue	O
broadcasting	O
was	O
disabled	O
on	O
15	O
May	O
2015	O
in	O
the	O
UHF	O
band	O
and	O
16	O
June	O
2015	O
in	O
the	O
VHF	B-Algorithm
band	I-Algorithm
(	O
channels	O
6	O
–	O
12	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flanders	O
switched	O
off	O
analog	O
television	O
on	O
3	O
November	O
2008	O
,	O
while	O
in	O
Wallonia	O
,	O
all	O
analog	O
services	O
were	O
switched	O
off	O
on	O
1	O
March	O
2010	O
,	O
making	O
the	O
country	O
completely	O
serviced	O
by	O
a	O
digital	B-General_Concept
signal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
the	O
closing	O
of	O
this	O
process	O
,	O
Hannu	O
Pro	O
,	O
part	O
of	O
Silicon	O
Group	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
Baltic	O
Operations	O
secured	O
the	O
license	O
to	O
operate	O
three	O
DTT	O
multiplexes	O
in	O
Bulgaria	O
by	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
Communications	O
Regulatory	O
Commission	O
(	O
CRC	O
)	O
Bulgaria	O
completed	O
the	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
in	O
September	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
terminated	O
all	O
analog	O
transmissions	O
on	O
30	O
June	O
2011	O
and	O
moved	O
to	O
digital-only	O
transmissions	O
on	O
MPEG-4	O
on	O
Friday	O
1	O
July	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
controversial	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
a	O
digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
set	O
in	O
Finland	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
was	O
heavily	O
criticised	O
and	O
saw	O
a	O
substantial	O
decrease	O
in	O
how	O
much	O
the	O
television	O
license	O
cost	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Simulcast	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transmissions	O
started	O
in	O
other	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
in	O
an	O
effort	O
to	O
prepare	O
for	O
a	O
full	O
switchover	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
of	O
privately	O
owned	O
nationwide	O
TV	O
channels	O
began	O
by	O
Digea	O
in	O
Greece	O
on	O
24	O
September	O
2009	O
,	O
covering	O
a	O
large	O
section	O
of	O
the	O
Corinthian	O
gulf	O
in	O
Northern	O
Peloponnese	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
2009-2013	O
transition	O
period	O
,	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
13	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
centers	O
were	O
activated	O
throughout	O
Greece	O
,	O
covering	O
approximately	O
70%	O
of	O
the	O
Greek	O
population	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
was	O
launched	O
in	O
Ireland	O
as	O
Saorview	O
on	O
Friday	O
29	O
October	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
conversion	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
progressed	O
region	O
–	O
by	O
–	O
region	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
2006	O
bill	O
proposed	O
by	O
Paolo	O
Gentiloni	O
passed	O
the	O
government	O
of	O
Romano	O
Prodi	O
that	O
would	O
make	O
one	O
of	O
Mediaset	O
's	O
channels	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
one	O
from	O
public	O
broadcaster	O
RAI	O
move	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
three	O
years	O
before	O
the	O
switch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2011	O
the	O
European	O
Court	O
of	O
Justice	O
ruled	O
that	O
the	O
digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
in	O
Italy	O
was	O
illegally	O
subsidised	O
favoring	O
Berlusconi	O
's	O
media	O
group	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
DTT	O
services	O
rolled	O
out	O
officially	O
in	O
2014	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
ended	O
in	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
'	O
s	O
analog	O
television	O
completely	O
converted	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
1	O
June	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
process	O
was	O
somewhat	O
difficult	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
high	O
costs	O
of	O
upgrading	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
public	O
rollout	O
commenced	O
in	O
April	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
moved	O
to	O
digital-only	O
terrestrial	O
broadcasting	O
on	O
Monday	O
,	O
11	O
December	O
2006	O
,	O
being	O
the	O
second	O
country	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analogue	O
satellite	O
transmissions	O
from	O
Astra	O
19.2	O
°E	O
were	O
halted	O
on	O
18	O
August	O
1996	O
,	O
just	O
two	O
months	O
after	O
digital	B-General_Concept
was	O
introduced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Terrestrial	O
television	O
in	O
Poland	O
is	O
broadcast	O
using	O
a	O
digital	B-General_Concept
DVB-T	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
test	O
DVB-T	O
emission	O
was	O
carried	O
in	O
Warsaw	B-Application
at	O
9	O
November	O
2001	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
broadcasts	O
started	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
29	O
April	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Portugal	O
's	O
government	O
hoped	O
to	O
cover	O
80%	O
of	O
the	O
territory	O
with	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
TV	I-Application
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
2009	O
,	O
and	O
simulcasts	O
remained	O
until	O
Thursday	O
26	O
April	O
2012	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
analog	O
broadcasting	O
ended	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
digital	B-General_Concept
versions	O
of	O
all	O
channels	O
have	O
traditionally	O
been	O
encrypted	O
and	O
could	O
only	O
be	O
accessed	O
with	O
a	O
proprietary	O
set-top-box	O
,	O
which	O
subscribers	O
had	O
to	O
pay	O
for	O
with	O
a	O
monthly	O
fee	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
in	O
October	O
2017	O
,	O
cable	O
provider	O
NOS	O
unencrypted	O
the	O
digital	B-General_Concept
versions	O
of	O
its	O
base	O
channels	O
,	O
enabling	O
them	O
to	O
be	O
tuned	O
directly	O
by	O
televisions	O
with	O
support	O
for	O
MPEG-4	O
(	O
or	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
)	O
or	O
any	O
freely	O
available	O
digital	B-General_Concept
tuner	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
pay-TV	O
providers	O
–	O
Vodafone	O
,	O
NOWO	O
and	O
Meo	O
–	O
similarly	O
no	O
longer	O
encrypt	O
the	O
digital	B-General_Concept
versions	O
of	O
their	O
base	O
channels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
over	O
90%	O
of	O
population	O
are	O
covered	O
with	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
signal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
On	O
22	O
December	O
2018	O
,	O
Russia	O
completed	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasting	I-Application
system	O
,	O
with	O
10,080	O
transmitters	O
operating	O
at	O
5,040	O
sites	O
throughout	O
the	O
country	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
network	O
covers	O
Belgrade	O
and	O
much	O
of	O
Vojvodina	O
,	O
several	O
cities	O
in	O
Šumadija	O
and	O
Western	O
Serbia	O
and	O
the	O
southern	O
city	O
of	O
Niš	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
switchover	O
for	O
98%	O
of	O
citizens	O
started	O
on	O
1	O
September	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
switch-off	O
was	O
successful	O
,	O
as	O
about	O
70%	O
of	O
Spanish	O
television	O
transmissions	O
are	O
terrestrial	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
was	O
easy	O
for	O
people	O
to	O
just	O
switch	O
to	O
the	O
digital	B-General_Concept
signal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2012	O
40%	O
of	O
cable	O
viewers	O
had	O
switched	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
broadcasting	O
began	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
on	O
Sunday	O
15	O
November	O
1998	O
with	O
the	O
launch	O
of	O
the	O
ONdigital	O
,	O
later	O
renamed	O
ITV	O
Digital	B-General_Concept
and	O
now	O
Freeview	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
transition	O
from	O
analogue	O
and	O
digital	B-General_Concept
to	O
digital-only	O
terrestrial	O
signals	O
started	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
17	O
October	O
2007	O
with	O
the	O
Whitehaven	O
transmitter	O
in	O
Cumbria	O
,	O
and	O
followed	O
a	O
transmitter	O
switchover	O
timetable	O
,	O
implemented	O
by	O
region	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
launch	O
of	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
began	O
on	O
15	O
January	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-General_Concept
transition	O
completed	O
in	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bahrain	O
adopted	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
in	O
March	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
started	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transmissions	O
in	O
MPEG-4	O
on	O
2	O
August	O
2009	O
and	O
analog	O
transmissions	O
ended	O
on	O
31	O
March	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
second	O
MUX	O
in	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
was	O
launched	O
in	O
August	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Qatar	O
adopted	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
in	O
February	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
launched	O
terrestrially	O
throughout	O
the	O
Arab	O
world	O
on	O
1	O
January	O
2001	O
(	O
known	O
as	O
Nilesat	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Saudi	O
Arabia	O
adopted	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
in	O
March	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
United	O
Arab	O
Emirates	O
adopted	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
in	O
February	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
launched	O
terrestrially	O
throughout	O
Arab	O
world	O
on	O
1	O
January	O
2001	O
(	O
known	O
as	O
Nilesat	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ZFB-TV	O
(	O
analog	O
channel	O
7	O
)	O
and	O
ZBM-TV	O
(	O
analog	O
channel	O
9	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
two	O
television	O
stations	O
in	O
Bermuda	O
,	O
switched	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
channels	O
20.1	O
and	O
20.2	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
its	O
parent	O
nation	O
(	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
)	O
and	O
unlike	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
Canada	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Bahamas	O
(	O
which	O
have	O
been	O
transitioning	O
to	O
ATSC	B-Device
)	O
,	O
Bermuda	O
switched	O
over	O
to	O
DVB-T	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
CBC	O
analog	O
transmitters	O
in	O
mandatory	O
markets	O
were	O
permitted	O
to	O
operate	O
for	O
another	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
transmitters	O
outside	O
mandatory	O
markets	O
were	O
given	O
the	O
option	O
of	O
converting	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
,	O
or	O
remaining	O
in	O
analog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
small	O
number	O
of	O
community-based	O
transmitters	O
broadcasting	O
in	O
analogue	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
shut	O
down	O
no	O
later	O
than	O
2022	O
;	O
see	O
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
in	O
Canada	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
has	O
digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
through	O
KTV	O
and	O
British	O
Forces	O
Broadcasting	O
Service	O
,	O
which	O
since	O
the	O
early	O
2010s	O
now	O
exclusively	O
broadcast	O
digitally	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
launched	O
digital	B-General_Concept
services	O
in	O
Nuuk	O
in	O
August	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
last	O
settlement	O
that	O
upgraded	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
was	O
Siorapaluk	O
in	O
2012	O
,	O
with	O
analogue	O
switched	O
off	O
in	O
October	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
started	O
in	O
2000	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
first	O
being	O
Tijuana	O
's	O
XETV	O
–	O
an	O
English-language	O
television	O
station	O
that	O
primarily	O
served	O
San	O
Diego	O
,	O
California	O
between	O
the	O
1960s	O
and	O
the	O
early	O
2010s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
2013	O
,	O
areas	O
began	O
to	O
be	O
switched	O
over	O
regionally	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
stations	O
and	O
a	O
campaign	O
headed	O
by	O
the	O
SCT	O
to	O
distribute	O
free	O
television	O
converters	O
to	O
households	O
on	O
the	O
government	O
welfare	O
rolls	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
was	O
to	O
begin	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
28	O
May	O
2013	O
in	O
Tijuana	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
postponed	O
to	O
18	O
July	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
2013	O
Baja	O
California	O
state	O
elections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
adopted	O
the	O
ATSC	B-Device
standard	I-Device
for	O
DTT	O
and	O
completed	O
the	O
analog	O
switch	O
off	O
in	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
A	O
deadline	O
for	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
was	O
set	O
as	O
17	O
February	O
2009	O
;	O
this	O
deadline	O
was	O
extended	O
and	O
performed	O
instead	O
on	O
12	O
June	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Class	O
A	O
low-power	O
stations	O
were	O
then	O
required	O
to	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
by	O
1	O
September	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
low-power	O
and	O
translator	O
station	O
deadline	O
was	O
suspended	O
on	O
24	O
April	O
2015	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
concerns	O
that	O
the	O
then-upcoming	O
600	O
MHz	O
spectrum	B-Algorithm
auction	I-Algorithm
could	O
"	O
potentially	O
displace	O
a	O
significant	O
number	O
of	O
LPTV	O
and	O
TV	O
translator	O
stations	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
would	O
"[require]	O
analog	O
stations	O
to	O
incur	O
the	O
costs	O
of	O
transitioning	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
before	O
completion	O
of	O
the	O
auction	O
and	O
repacking	O
process	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
21	O
June	O
2021	O
,	O
the	O
FCC	O
granted	O
the	O
State	O
of	O
Alaska	O
an	O
extension	O
due	O
to	O
novel	O
factors	O
that	O
prevented	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
stations	O
digital	B-General_Concept
facilities	O
,	O
setting	O
a	O
new	O
low-power	O
analog	O
shutoff	O
date	O
of	O
10	O
January	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Complied	O
with	O
the	O
FCC	O
transition	O
to	O
ATSC	B-Device
digital	B-General_Concept
on	O
12	O
June	O
2009	O
on	O
all	O
full-power	O
stations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Complied	O
with	O
the	O
FCC	O
transition	O
to	O
ATSC	B-Device
digital	B-General_Concept
on	O
12	O
June	O
2009	O
on	O
all	O
full-power	O
stations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Military	O
broadcaster	O
BFBS	O
operates	O
fully	O
on	O
digital	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
country	O
selected	O
the	O
standard	O
of	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
with	O
first	O
launch	O
in	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Full	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasting	I-Application
were	O
completed	O
on	O
31	O
December	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
China	O
started	O
its	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
in	O
2003	O
,	O
with	O
cable	O
and	O
satellite	O
television	O
using	O
DVB	O
and	O
terrestrial	O
television	O
using	O
DTMB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analog	O
satellite	O
television	O
ended	O
on	O
31	O
March	O
2006	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
satellite	O
television	O
channels	O
on	O
Apstar-1A	O
,	O
including	O
Zhejiang	O
Television	O
,	O
switched	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
,	O
in	O
which	O
time	O
the	O
legal	O
holders	O
of	O
satellite	O
television	O
receivers	O
were	O
limited	O
to	O
regional	O
cable	O
television	O
providers	O
,	O
thus	O
China	O
never	O
actually	O
has	O
the	O
analog	O
satellite	O
television	O
service	O
provided	O
to	O
the	O
masses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
14	O
May	O
2016	O
,	O
all	O
channels	O
of	O
China	O
Central	O
Television	O
,	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
state	O
broadcaster	O
,	O
converted	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
in	O
a	O
4-step	O
conversion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Regional	O
television	O
broadcasters	O
also	O
began	O
converting	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Transitioned	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
as	O
part	O
of	O
Australia	O
's	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Transitioned	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
as	O
part	O
of	O
Australia	O
's	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
original	O
digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
plan	O
from	O
PAL	B-Language
to	O
DTMB	O
was	O
supposed	O
to	O
take	O
place	O
in	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
total	O
of	O
160,000	O
lower-income	O
households	O
also	O
received	O
subsidies	O
from	O
the	O
government	O
to	O
buy	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
sets	O
or	O
a	O
set-top	O
box	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
digital	B-General_Concept
signal	O
following	O
the	O
transition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
was	O
launched	O
on	O
21	O
December	O
2010	O
(	O
by	O
DVB-T	O
)	O
and	O
20	O
November	O
2013	O
(	O
by	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
11	O
of	O
2020	O
on	O
Job	O
Creation	O
on	O
2	O
December	O
2020	O
,	O
the	O
Ministry	O
of	O
Communication	O
and	O
Information	O
Technology	O
(	O
Kemenkominfo	O
)	O
through	O
its	O
minister	O
Johnny	O
G	O
.	O
Plate	O
announced	O
that	O
2	O
November	O
2022	O
would	O
be	O
the	O
last	O
analogue	O
switchover	O
date	O
for	O
the	O
migration	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
under	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
analog	O
cable	O
service	O
(	O
known	O
as	O
Dejiana	O
since	O
1	O
July	O
2011	O
)	O
continued	O
to	O
be	O
broadcast	O
,	O
but	O
starting	O
on	O
1	O
April	O
2012	O
,	O
all	O
cable	O
providers	O
in	O
Japan	O
were	O
required	O
to	O
convert	O
from	O
analog	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
television	O
stations	O
across	O
the	O
country	O
now	O
broadcast	O
only	O
in	O
digital	B-General_Concept
,	O
ending	O
an	O
analog-digital	O
simulcast	O
period	O
that	O
began	O
on	O
Monday	O
,	O
1	O
December	O
2003	O
in	O
the	O
Kantō	O
region	O
(	O
which	O
expanded	O
to	O
all	O
other	O
prefectures	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
four	O
years	O
)	O
and	O
ended	O
between	O
24	O
July	O
2011	O
and	O
31	O
March	O
2012	O
(	O
when	O
all	O
analog	O
transmissions	O
were	O
shut	O
down	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Early	O
DTT	O
broadcasts	O
were	O
rolled	O
out	O
in	O
January	O
2014	O
starting	O
in	O
selected	O
test	O
areas	O
,	O
while	O
full	O
nationwide	O
coverage	O
to	O
an	O
estimated	O
98%	O
populated	O
areas	O
was	O
expected	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
analogue-digital	O
simulcast	O
period	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
official	O
launch	O
of	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
was	O
on	O
6	O
June	O
2017	O
by	O
the	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
with	O
an	O
estimation	O
of	O
4.2million	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
decoders	O
were	O
to	O
be	O
given	O
free	O
to	O
citizens	O
,	O
including	O
recipients	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
aid	O
of	O
1Malaysia	O
People	O
's	O
Aid	O
(	O
BR1M	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Malaysian	O
Communications	O
and	O
Multimedia	O
Ministry	O
(	O
MCMM	O
)	O
further	O
stated	O
that	O
analogue	O
broadcasting	O
throughout	O
Malaysia	O
would	O
be	O
turned	O
off	O
completely	O
in	O
September	O
2019	O
with	O
full	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasting	I-Application
available	O
by	O
October	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Langkawi	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
area	O
to	O
commence	O
the	O
digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
on	O
21	O
July	O
2019	O
at	O
02:30am	O
(	O
UTC+8	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Malaysian	O
Communications	O
and	O
Multimedia	O
Commission	O
(	O
MCMC	O
)	O
announced	O
in	O
late	O
September	O
that	O
the	O
full	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transition	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
completed	O
on	O
31	O
October	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transition	O
in	O
West	O
Malaysia	O
was	O
completed	O
on	O
15	O
October	O
2019	O
at	O
12:30am	O
with	O
East	O
Malaysia	O
later	O
on	O
31	O
October	O
2019	O
also	O
at	O
12:30am	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
country	O
selected	O
the	O
standard	O
of	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
with	O
first	O
launch	O
in	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Full	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasting	I-Application
were	O
completed	O
in	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
In	O
June	O
2012	O
,	O
the	O
Media	O
Development	O
Authority	O
(	O
MDA	O
)	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
adopted	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Government-owned	O
Mediacorp	O
(	O
which	O
holds	O
a	O
monopoly	O
on	O
terrestrial	O
television	O
)	O
stated	O
that	O
it	O
planned	O
to	O
launch	O
digital	B-General_Concept
feeds	O
of	O
its	O
seven	O
channels	O
,	O
with	O
some	O
in	O
HD	O
,	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
progressed	O
region	O
–	O
by	O
–	O
region	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
first	O
analog	O
transmitters	O
in	O
Uljin	O
,	O
North	O
Gyeongsang	O
Province	O
ending	O
transmissions	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
1	O
September	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
New	O
Year	O
's	O
Eve	O
(	O
31	O
December	O
)	O
2012	O
at	O
04:00:00	O
KST	O
(	O
UTC+9	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
of	O
the	O
South	O
Korea	O
fully	O
turned	O
,	O
shifted	O
and	O
switched	O
to	O
all	O
full	O
ultra	B-Device
high	I-Device
definition	I-Device
for	O
all	O
nationwide	O
(	O
including	O
Seoul	O
Capital	O
Area	O
such	O
as	O
Seoul	O
,	O
Gyeonggi	O
Province	O
and	O
Incheon	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
launched	O
terrestrially	O
throughout	O
Taiwan	O
on	O
2	O
July	O
2004	O
with	O
the	O
country	O
selected	O
the	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
Thai	O
National	O
Broadcasting	O
and	O
Telecommunications	O
Commission	O
(	O
NBTC	O
)	O
and	O
broadcasters	O
conducted	O
a	O
field	O
trial	O
for	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
transmission	O
of	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
in	O
Bangkok	O
area	O
in	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
year	O
,	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
began	O
to	O
be	O
launched	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2018	O
,	O
rural	O
areas	O
in	O
Thailand	O
saw	O
the	O
transition	O
from	O
analogue	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
September	O
2018	O
,	O
Channel	O
3	O
(	O
owned	O
by	O
BEC	O
and	O
MCOT	O
)	O
was	O
the	O
last	O
broadcaster	O
to	O
offer	O
analogue	O
services	O
;	O
it	O
completely	O
changed	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
in	O
late	O
2019	O
on	O
VHF	B-Algorithm
while	O
the	O
one	O
on	O
UHF	O
ended	O
to	O
broadcast	O
on	O
analogue	O
TV	O
on	O
25	O
March	O
2020	O
at	O
11:57pm	O
(	O
UTC+7	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2451/QD	O
-TTg	O
approving	O
the	O
country	O
television	O
project	O
of	O
"	O
Digitisation	O
of	O
terrestrial	O
television	O
transmission	O
and	O
broadcasting	O
in	O
2020	O
"	O
(	O
also	O
called	O
as	O
the	O
Project	O
of	O
Digitisation	O
of	O
Television	O
)	O
which	O
prescribes	O
that	O
before	O
31	O
December	O
2020	O
,	O
analogue	O
television	O
broadcasting	O
in	O
63	O
Vietnam	O
provinces	O
and	O
cities	O
would	O
be	O
switched	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
under	O
the	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analogue	O
signals	O
first	O
switched-off	O
on	O
1	O
November	O
2015	O
and	O
complete	O
migration	O
into	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
began	O
taking	O
place	O
from	O
30	O
November	O
2020	O
before	O
the	O
final	O
analogue	O
shutdown	O
being	O
announced	O
the	O
following	O
month	O
by	O
the	O
country	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
on	O
31	O
December	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
January	O
2020	O
,	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
1.3million	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
receivers	O
for	O
both	O
poor	O
and	O
near-poor	O
households	O
were	O
provided	O
directly	O
by	O
Vietnam	O
's	O
public	O
utility	O
telecommunications	O
service	O
provision	O
of	O
the	O
Ministry	O
of	O
Information	O
and	O
Communications	O
in	O
48	O
provinces	O
and	O
cities	O
under	O
the	O
television	O
digitisation	O
programme	O
of	O
the	O
central	O
government	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
30	O
June	O
,	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
21	O
provinces	O
had	O
indefinitely	O
stop	O
broadcasting	O
analogue	O
and	O
migrate	O
into	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Complied	O
with	O
the	O
FCC	O
transition	O
to	O
ATSC	B-Device
digital	B-General_Concept
on	O
12	O
June	O
2009	O
on	O
all	O
full-power	O
stations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
commenced	O
in	O
Australia	O
's	O
five	O
most	O
populous	O
cities	O
on	O
Monday	O
1	O
January	O
2001	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
was	O
originally	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
complete	O
by	O
Tuesday	O
31	O
December	O
2013	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
the	O
last	O
regions	O
to	O
switch	O
over	O
(	O
Melbourne	O
and	O
Remote	O
Eastern/Central	O
Australia	O
)	O
did	O
so	O
slightly	O
earlier	O
,	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
10	O
December	O
2013	O
at	O
9:00am	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
the	O
switch-off	O
in	O
the	O
respective	O
areas	O
,	O
free-to-air	O
stations	O
were	O
simulcast	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
digital-only	O
channels	O
like	O
ABC	O
TV	O
Plus	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
switchover	O
was	O
co-ordinated	O
by	O
the	O
Digital	B-Device
Switchover	I-Device
Taskforce	O
operating	O
under	O
the	O
federal	O
Department	O
of	O
Broadband	O
,	O
Communications	O
and	O
the	O
Digital	B-General_Concept
Economy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Complied	O
with	O
the	O
FCC	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
on	O
12	O
June	O
2009	O
on	O
all	O
full-power	O
stations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
FSMTC	O
(	O
FSM	O
Telecommunications	O
Company	O
)	O
provides	O
a	O
subscription	O
based	O
digital	B-General_Concept
over	O
the	O
air	O
(	O
DVB-T	O
)	O
service	O
to	O
Kosrae	O
,	O
Chuuk	O
and	O
Yap	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Complied	O
with	O
the	O
FCC	O
transition	O
to	O
ATSC	B-Device
digital	B-General_Concept
on	O
12	O
June	O
2009	O
on	O
all	O
full-power	O
stations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasts	O
began	O
officially	O
in	O
April	O
2008	O
.	O
analog	O
PAL	B-Language
switchoff	O
started	O
on	O
30	O
September	O
2012	O
with	O
the	O
North	O
Island	O
's	O
Hawke	O
's	O
Bay	O
region	O
and	O
the	O
South	O
Island	O
's	O
West	O
Coast	O
region	O
and	O
finished	O
with	O
the	O
Upper	O
North	O
Island	O
which	O
was	O
switched	O
off	O
1	O
December	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Trials	O
using	O
the	O
ISDB-T	O
standard	O
were	O
tested	O
in	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
in	O
2013	O
the	O
state	O
decided	O
to	O
use	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
instead	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
launch	O
date	O
for	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
this	O
was	O
reviewed	O
once	O
again	O
and	O
in	O
2019	O
Angola	O
picked	O
ISDB-T	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
standard	O
for	O
its	O
future	O
DTT	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
began	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
in	O
2008	O
,	O
using	O
ISDB-T	O
.	O
Analogue	O
signals	O
were	O
to	O
be	O
terminated	O
in	O
2024	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
has	O
been	O
in	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
as	O
of	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
has	O
been	O
in	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
as	O
of	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
has	O
introduced	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
using	O
the	O
DTMB	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
has	O
been	O
in	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
as	O
of	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
in	O
2018	O
the	O
state	O
decided	O
to	O
use	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
instead	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
launch	O
date	O
for	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
 [ 164 ] 	O
However	O
this	O
was	O
reviewed	O
once	O
again	O
and	O
in	O
2019	O
Democratic	O
Republic	O
of	O
the	O
Congo	O
picked	O
ISDB-T	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
standard	O
for	O
its	O
future	O
DTT	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
has	O
had	O
DVB-T	O
transmissions	O
for	O
several	O
years	O
as	O
of	O
2019	O
,	O
with	O
plans	O
to	O
roll	O
out	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
that	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
in	O
2016	O
begun	O
its	O
digital	B-General_Concept
switch-over	O
to	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
with	O
help	O
from	O
American	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transmitter	O
manufacturer	O
GatesAir	O
and	O
funded	O
by	O
JPMorgan	O
Chase	O
and	O
Export	O
Development	O
Canada	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
country	O
's	O
regulator	O
authorized	O
TNTSAT	O
Africa	O
to	O
start	O
the	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
in	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Analog	O
transmitters	O
on	O
VHF	B-Algorithm
band	I-Algorithm
were	O
switched	O
off	O
on	O
17	O
June	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
began	O
transitioning	O
to	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
in	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
future	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
and	O
digital	B-General_Concept
televiIon	O
According	O
to	O
the	O
government	O
this	O
might	O
finish	O
between	O
2025	O
and	O
reterminated	O
in	O
2030	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
'	O
s	O
switchover	O
to	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
is	O
ongoing	O
stewarded	O
by	O
GatesAir	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Excaf	O
Telecom	O
won	O
the	O
public	O
tender	O
in	O
2014	O
to	O
broadcast	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
DTT	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
has	O
been	O
in	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
as	O
of	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Northern	O
Cape	O
became	O
the	O
first	O
province	O
to	O
switch	O
fully	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
in	O
December	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
has	O
been	O
in	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
as	O
of	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Broadcasting	O
equipment	O
manufacturer	O
Harris	O
Corporation	O
helped	O
to	O
transition	O
Togo	O
to	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
final	O
analogue	O
satellite	O
broadcasts	O
from	O
TRT	O
ended	O
in	O
February	O
2006	O
,	O
TRT	O
launched	O
trial	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transmissions	O
in	O
2006	O
and	O
originally	O
planned	O
to	O
gradually	O
handle	O
the	O
switchover	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
completion	O
date	O
of	O
March	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
construction	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
"	O
digital	B-General_Concept
"	O
transmitter	O
in	O
Küçük	O
Çamlıca	O
TV	O
Radio	O
Tower	O
and	O
Çanakkale	O
TV	O
Tower	O
,	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
finally	O
began	O
testing	O
in	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2020	O
there	O
are	O
30+	O
FTA	O
HD	O
broadcasts	O
with	O
all	O
popular	O
and	O
5	O
TRT	O
channels	O
are	O
available	O
by	O
satellite	O
and	O
digital	B-Device
cable	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Meanwhile	O
,	O
most	O
channels	O
in	O
Russia-bordering	O
regions	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
local	O
channels	O
(	O
nationwide	O
)	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
yet	O
get	O
the	O
license	O
for	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
,	O
were	O
still	O
broadcast	O
in	O
analog	O
until	O
31	O
December	O
2020	O
,	O
after	O
which	O
they	O
wee	O
discontinued	O
analog	O
broadcasts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
In	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
as	O
of	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
In	O
transition	O
to	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
,	O
stewarded	O
by	O
GatesAir	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
process	O
started	O
in	O
2012	O
with	O
the	O
deployment	O
of	O
a	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
service	O
(	O
DVB-T	O
)	O
in	O
Syria	O
was	O
restarted	O
since	O
mid-2018	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
provinces	O
of	O
Damascus	O
,	O
Daraa	O
,	O
As	O
Suwayda	O
,	O
Rif	O
Dimashq	O
,	O
Tartus	O
,	O
Latakia	O
,	O
Quneitra	O
and	O
Hama	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
still	O
no	O
date	O
for	O
an	O
analog	O
disconnect	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
In	O
Antigua	O
there	O
is	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
in	O
some	O
territories	O
:	O
Cades	O
Bay	O
,	O
Johnsons	O
Point	O
,	O
Orange	O
Valley	O
,	O
Crab	O
Hill	O
,	O
Urlings	O
and	O
Old	O
Road	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasts	O
started	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
9	O
September	O
2008	O
in	O
Buenos	O
Aires	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
public	O
broadcaster	O
BCB	O
transitioned	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
in	O
September	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Began	O
free-to-air	O
HD	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transmissions	O
,	O
after	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
test	O
broadcasts	O
,	O
on	O
Sunday	O
,	O
2	O
December	O
2007	O
in	O
São	O
Paulo	O
,	O
expanding	O
in	O
2008	O
to	O
Brasília	O
,	O
Rio	O
de	O
Janeiro	O
,	O
and	O
Belo	O
Horizonte	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
were	O
phased	O
into	O
the	O
other	O
23	O
state	O
capitals	O
in	O
the	O
following	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
the	O
remaining	O
cities	O
by	O
Tuesday	O
31	O
December	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Broadcaster	O
Cayman	O
27	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
started	O
broadcasting	O
digitally	O
on	O
ATSC	B-Device
in	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
started	O
in	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasts	O
started	O
on	O
Monday	O
,	O
20	O
September	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Cuba	O
opted	O
for	O
the	O
Chinese	O
DTMB	O
standard	O
and	O
began	O
tests	O
in	O
2013	O
,	O
with	O
new	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transmitters	O
being	O
rolled	O
out	O
and	O
a	O
shutoff	O
date	O
in	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jamaica	O
converts	O
to	O
ATSC	B-Device
3.0	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Television	O
Jamaica	O
launched	O
ATSC	B-Device
3.0	I-Device
broadcasts	O
on	O
31	O
January	O
2022	O
,	O
at	O
6:30	O
PM	O
local	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Analog	O
TV	O
sets	O
are	O
no	O
longer	O
allowed	O
to	O
be	O
sold	O
since	O
11	O
June	O
2018	O
,	O
unless	O
provided	O
with	O
a	O
free	O
DVB-T	O
converter	B-Device
box	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
11	O
December	O
2018	O
,	O
no	O
analog	O
TV	O
sets	O
may	O
be	O
sold	O
,	O
even	O
if	O
provided	O
with	O
a	O
free	O
converter	B-Device
box	I-Device
;	O
This	O
deadline	O
was	O
later	O
extended	O
until	O
April	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2021	O
,	O
the	O
switchover	O
was	O
delayed	O
indefinitely	O
until	O
at	O
least	O
90%	O
of	O
users	O
have	O
digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
access	O
,	O
as	O
41%	O
have	O
access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
transmission	O
of	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasts	O
started	O
in	O
August	O
2011	O
,	O
by	O
TV	O
Pública	O
(	O
which	O
belongs	O
to	O
the	O
Paraguayan	O
government	O
)	O
with	O
an	O
initial	O
coverage	O
area	O
of	O
25	O
kilometres	O
(	O
about	O
16	O
miles	O
)	O
from	O
Asuncion	O
downtown	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasts	O
started	O
in	O
Lima	O
and	O
Callao	O
(	O
Territory	O
1	O
)	O
in	O
March	O
2010	O
,	O
and	O
analog	O
broadcasts	O
were	O
terminated	O
on	O
20	O
June	O
2020	O
;	O
Arequipa	O
,	O
Cusco	O
,	O
Trujillo	O
,	O
Piura	O
and	O
Huancayo	O
(	O
territory	O
2	O
)	O
started	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transition	O
somewhere	O
between	O
April	O
and	O
June	O
2018	O
and	O
analog	O
broadcasts	O
are	O
scheduled	O
to	O
be	O
terminated	O
on	O
3	O
January	O
2023	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Trinidad	O
and	O
Tobago	O
will	O
be	O
transitioning	O
to	O
ATSC	B-Device
3.0	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
People	O
's	O
Television	O
Network	O
(	O
PTV	O
)	O
launched	O
a	O
digital	B-General_Concept
service	O
in	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Began	O
broadcasting	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
in	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
transmission	O
began	O
in	O
2007	O
for	O
the	O
broadcasting	O
of	O
2007	O
Copa	O
América	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
4	O
channels	O
of	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
were	O
launched	O
in	O
Kabul	O
in	O
June	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Public	O
broadcaster	O
BTV	O
aimed	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
country	O
digital	B-General_Concept
by	O
2021	O
,	O
its	O
50th	O
anniversary	O
of	O
independence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
was	O
launched	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
9	O
November	O
2010	O
,	O
however	O
by	O
23	O
December	O
2019	O
the	O
only	O
FTA	O
DVB-T	O
channels	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
pay	O
TV	O
channels	O
that	O
the	O
provider	O
erroneously	O
neglected	O
to	O
encrypt	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Cambodian	O
government	O
pushed	O
ahead	O
its	O
co-operation	O
with	O
China	O
for	O
the	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transition	O
from	O
analogue	O
with	O
China	O
's	O
DTMB	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Full	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transition	O
was	O
estimated	O
by	O
the	O
government	O
to	O
have	O
fully	O
commenced	O
by	O
2023	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Telecom	O
Regulatory	O
Authority	O
of	O
India	O
set	O
the	O
deadlines	O
for	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transitioning	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
years	O
with	O
Phase	O
I	O
(	O
Metro	O
cities	O
)	O
by	O
31	O
December	O
2019	O
and	O
phase	O
II	O
(	O
cities	O
having	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
million	O
)	O
by	O
31	O
December	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
First	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasting	I-Application
were	O
commenced	O
in	O
2009	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
DVB-T	O
MPEG-4	O
standard	O
,	O
with	O
40%	O
of	O
population	O
having	O
access	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
by	O
mid-2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
no	O
deadline	O
yet	O
for	O
converting	O
analog	O
signals	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
no	O
deadline	O
yet	O
for	O
converting	O
analog	O
signals	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
launched	O
in	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
broadcasts	O
launched	O
in	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
In	O
2015	O
,	O
Pakistan	O
inaugurated	O
the	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
DTMB	O
standard	O
for	O
the	O
country	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
broadcasts	O
in	O
an	O
event	O
jointly	O
officiated	O
by	O
Chinese	O
Communist	O
Party	O
general	O
secretary	O
Xi	O
Jinping	O
and	O
Pakistani	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Nawaz	O
Sharif	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ABS-CBN	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
channel	O
to	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
test	O
broadcasts	O
through	O
its	O
digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
box	O
ABS-CBN	O
TV	O
Plus	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
their	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasts	O
were	O
ceased	O
on	O
30	O
June	O
2020	O
due	O
to	O
cease	O
and	O
desist	O
order	O
released	O
by	O
National	O
Telecommunications	O
Commission	O
due	O
to	O
their	O
expired	O
broadcasting	O
franchise	O
on	O
4	O
May	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ZOE	O
Broadcasting	O
Network	O
's	O
DZOZ-TV	O
became	O
the	O
first	O
TV	O
station	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
to	O
permanently	O
cease	O
analog	O
terrestrial	O
operations	O
on	O
28	O
February	O
2017	O
,	O
signaling	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
transition	O
to	O
digital-only	O
broadcasting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
in	O
the	O
Philippines	O
uses	O
the	O
Japanese	O
ISDB	B-Protocol
standards	O
for	O
its	O
terrestrial	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcast	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Introduced	O
its	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
service	O
called	O
Walesi	O
in	O
testing	O
phase	O
2016	O
and	O
rolled	O
out	O
to	O
public	O
in	O
December	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DTT	O
in	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
form	O
was	O
introduced	O
with	O
help	O
from	O
Papua	O
New	O
Guinea	O
in	O
2018	O
,	O
first	O
rolling	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
main	O
island	O
Tarawa	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Introduced	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
TTV	O
broadcasts	O
digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
in	O
DVB-T	O
and	O
T2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
public	O
channel	O
made	O
the	O
switch	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
in	O
October	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
A	O
June	O
2018	O
meeting	O
confirmed	O
that	O
a	O
digital	B-General_Concept
migration	O
would	O
start	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
planned	O
in	O
2014	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
transition	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
In	O
June	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
country	O
signed	O
a	O
deal	O
with	O
the	O
Chinese	O
StarTimes	O
to	O
manage	O
a	O
migration	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
A	O
switchover	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
was	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
's	O
2012	O
–	O
2016	O
National	O
Development	O
Plan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
state	O
broadcaster	O
SSBC	O
has	O
expressed	O
interest	O
in	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
,	O
but	O
no	O
budget	O
has	O
been	O
allocated	O
for	O
the	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
digital	B-General_Concept
transmission	O
has	O
still	O
not	O
been	O
rolled	O
out	O
as	O
of	O
2019	O
,	O
mainly	O
because	O
of	O
budgetary	O
issues	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
telecom	O
chairman	O
Lasha	O
Shamba	O
said	O
in	O
2019	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
project	O
in	O
managing	O
a	O
digital	B-General_Concept
switch	O
but	O
that	O
the	O
territory	O
was	O
not	O
ready	O
yet	O
due	O
to	O
lack	O
of	O
funding	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
country	O
adopted	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
in	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
A	O
digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
has	O
been	O
planned	O
by	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
Authority	O
as	O
of	O
2013	O
,	O
although	O
its	O
rollout	O
has	O
been	O
delayed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
As	O
of	O
2012	O
,	O
public	O
broadcaster	O
CBC	O
chose	O
the	O
ATSC	B-Device
standard	I-Device
for	O
its	O
future	O
DTT	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Digital	B-Device
switchover	I-Device
still	O
being	O
planned	O
as	O
of	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
started	O
testing	O
ISDB-T	O
broadcasts	O
in	O
December	O
2017	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
aim	O
of	O
rolling	O
out	O
the	O
services	O
soon	O
and	O
an	O
analog	O
switch	O
off	O
date	O
of	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
DTT	O
made	O
its	O
experimental	O
launch	O
in	O
December	O
2016	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
ATSC	B-Device
standard	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
chose	O
the	O
ISDB-T	O
standard	O
in	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Lao	O
National	O
Television	O
joined	O
China	O
's	O
Yunnan	O
Digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
Company	O
to	O
establish	O
Lao	O
Digital	B-Application
TV	I-Application
with	O
DTMB	O
system	O
in	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
In	O
2015	O
,	O
the	O
Maldives	O
picked	O
the	O
ISDB-T	O
standard	O
for	O
its	O
DTT	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
It	O
was	O
reported	O
in	O
2013	O
that	O
North	O
Korea	O
had	O
tested	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
trials	O
in	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
was	O
adopted	O
as	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
television	I-Application
broadcast	O
standard	O
On	O
19	O
January	O
2015	O
,	O
Korean	O
Central	O
Television	O
,	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
state	O
broadcaster	O
,	O
began	O
broadcasting	O
via	O
digital	B-General_Concept
satellite	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
confirmed	O
plan	O
yet	O
to	O
introduce	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
broadcasts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
a	O
Sri	O
Lankan	O
company	O
named	O
Television	O
and	O
Radio	O
Network	O
(	O
TRN	O
)	O
offered	O
to	O
launch	O
nationwide	O
free	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
switch	O
using	O
the	O
DVB-T2	B-Protocol
system	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
Japanese	O
proposal	O
of	O
ISDB-T	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
On	O
11	O
December	O
2018	O
,	O
the	O
Timor-Leste	O
cabinet	O
gaven	O
Secretary	O
of	O
State	O
for	O
Social	O
Communication	O
Merício	O
Juvenal	O
dos	O
Reis	O
permission	O
to	O
sign	O
a	O
Sino-Timor-Leste	O
agreement	O
for	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
Chinese	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
format	O
of	O
DTMB	O
into	O
the	O
country	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
As	O
of	O
2014	O
,	O
the	O
country	O
has	O
planned	O
to	O
create	O
and	O
migrate	O
to	O
digital	B-Application
terrestrial	I-Application
TV	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
Plans	O
were	O
made	O
in	O
2016	O
by	O
the	O
BCN	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
future	O
switch	O
to	O
digital	B-General_Concept
broadcasting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
The	O
country	O
has	O
digital	B-Device
cable	I-Device
broadcasts	O
.	O
</s>
