<s>
A	O
digital	B-Device
single-lens	I-Device
reflex	I-Device
camera	I-Device
(	O
digital	B-Device
SLR	I-Device
or	O
DSLR	B-Device
)	O
is	O
a	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
that	O
combines	O
the	O
optics	O
and	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
a	O
single-lens	B-Algorithm
reflex	I-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
solid-state	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
and	O
digitally	O
records	O
the	O
images	O
from	O
the	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
reflex	O
design	O
scheme	O
is	O
the	O
primary	O
difference	O
between	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
and	O
other	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
reflex	O
design	O
,	O
light	O
travels	O
through	O
the	O
lens	O
and	O
then	O
to	O
a	O
mirror	O
that	O
alternates	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
image	O
to	O
either	O
a	O
prism	O
,	O
which	O
shows	O
the	O
image	O
in	O
the	O
optical	O
viewfinder	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
when	O
the	O
shutter	O
release	O
button	O
is	O
pressed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
viewfinder	O
of	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
presents	O
an	O
image	O
that	O
will	O
not	O
differ	O
substantially	O
from	O
what	O
is	O
captured	O
by	O
the	O
camera	B-Algorithm
's	I-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
as	O
it	O
presents	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
direct	O
optical	O
view	O
through	O
the	O
main	O
camera	O
lens	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
showing	O
an	O
image	O
through	O
a	O
separate	O
secondary	O
lens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DSLRs	B-Device
largely	O
replaced	O
film-based	O
SLRs	B-Algorithm
during	O
the	O
2000s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Major	O
camera	O
manufacturers	O
began	O
to	O
transition	O
their	O
product	O
lines	O
away	O
from	O
DSLR	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
to	O
mirrorless	B-Device
interchangeable-lens	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
(	O
MILC	B-Device
)	O
beginning	O
in	O
the	O
2010s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
SLRs	B-Algorithm
,	O
DSLRs	B-Device
typically	O
use	O
interchangeable	O
lenses	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
with	O
a	O
proprietary	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mount	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
of	O
the	O
entry-level	O
DSLRs	B-Device
use	O
a	O
pentamirror	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
traditional	O
pentaprism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
take	O
an	O
image	O
,	O
the	O
mirror	O
swings	O
upwards	O
in	O
the	O
direction	O
of	O
the	O
arrow	O
,	O
the	O
focal-plane	O
shutter	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
opens	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
image	O
is	O
projected	O
and	O
captured	O
on	O
the	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
(	O
4	O
)	O
,	O
after	O
which	O
actions	O
,	O
the	O
shutter	O
closes	O
,	O
the	O
mirror	O
returns	O
to	O
the	O
45-degree	O
angle	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
built-in	O
drive	O
mechanism	O
re-tensions	O
the	O
shutter	O
for	O
the	O
next	O
exposure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compared	O
with	O
the	O
newer	O
concept	O
of	O
mirrorless	B-Device
interchangeable-lens	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
this	O
mirror/prism	O
system	O
is	O
the	O
characteristic	O
difference	O
providing	O
direct	O
,	O
accurate	O
optical	O
preview	O
with	O
separate	O
autofocus	O
and	O
exposure	O
metering	O
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Essential	O
parts	O
of	O
all	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
are	O
some	O
electronics	O
like	O
amplifier	O
,	O
analog-to-digital	O
converter	O
,	O
image	B-General_Concept
processor	I-General_Concept
and	O
other	O
microprocessors	B-Architecture
for	O
processing	O
the	O
digital	B-Algorithm
image	I-Algorithm
,	O
performing	O
data	B-General_Concept
storage	I-General_Concept
and/or	O
driving	O
an	O
electronic	B-Device
display	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
DSLRs	B-Device
typically	O
use	O
autofocus	O
based	O
on	O
phase	O
detection	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
phase	O
sensor	O
requires	O
the	O
same	O
light	O
going	O
to	O
the	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
,	O
it	O
was	O
previously	O
only	O
possible	O
with	O
an	O
SLR	B-Algorithm
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	O
focal-plane	O
phase	O
detect	O
autofocusing	O
in	O
mirrorless	B-Device
interchangeable	I-Device
lens	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
by	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
,	O
Fuji	O
,	O
Olympus	O
,	O
and	O
Panasonic	O
,	O
cameras	O
can	O
now	O
employ	O
both	O
phases	O
detect	O
and	O
contrast-detect	O
AF	O
points	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Device
SLR	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
along	O
with	O
most	O
other	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
generally	O
have	O
a	O
mode	B-Algorithm
dial	I-Algorithm
to	O
access	O
standard	O
camera	O
settings	O
or	O
automatic	O
scene-mode	O
settings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Professional	O
DSLRs	B-Device
seldom	O
contain	O
automatic	O
scene	O
modes	O
,	O
as	O
professionals	O
often	O
do	O
not	O
require	O
these	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
method	O
to	O
prevent	O
dust	O
entering	O
the	O
chamber	O
,	O
by	O
using	O
a	O
"	O
dust	O
cover	O
"	O
filter	O
right	O
behind	O
the	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mount	I-Algorithm
,	O
was	O
used	O
by	O
Sigma	O
in	O
its	O
first	O
DSLR	B-Device
,	O
the	O
Sigma	B-Algorithm
SD9	I-Algorithm
,	O
in	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Olympus	O
used	O
a	O
built-in	O
sensor	O
cleaning	O
mechanism	O
in	O
its	O
first	O
DSLR	B-Device
that	O
had	O
a	O
sensor	O
exposed	O
to	O
air	O
,	O
the	O
Olympus	B-Algorithm
E-1	I-Algorithm
,	O
in	O
2003	O
(	O
all	O
previous	O
models	O
each	O
had	O
a	O
non-interchangeable	O
lens	O
,	O
preventing	O
direct	O
exposure	O
of	O
the	O
sensor	O
to	O
outside	O
environmental	O
conditions	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
Canon	O
DSLR	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
rely	O
on	O
dust	O
reduction	O
systems	O
based	O
on	O
vibrating	O
the	O
sensor	O
at	O
ultrasonic	O
frequencies	O
to	O
remove	O
dust	O
from	O
the	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ability	O
to	O
exchange	O
lenses	O
,	O
to	O
select	O
the	O
best	O
lens	O
for	O
the	O
current	O
photographic	O
need	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
attachment	O
of	O
specialised	O
lenses	O
,	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
key	O
factors	O
in	O
the	O
popularity	O
of	O
DSLR	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
although	O
this	O
feature	O
is	O
not	O
unique	O
to	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
design	O
and	O
mirrorless	B-Device
interchangeable	I-Device
lens	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
are	O
becoming	O
increasingly	O
popular	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Interchangeable	O
lenses	O
for	O
SLRs	B-Algorithm
and	O
DSLRs	B-Device
are	O
built	O
to	O
operate	O
correctly	O
with	O
a	O
specific	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mount	I-Algorithm
that	O
is	O
generally	O
unique	O
to	O
each	O
brand	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
photographer	O
will	O
often	O
use	O
lenses	O
made	O
by	O
the	O
same	O
manufacturer	O
as	O
the	O
camera	O
body	O
(	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
Canon	B-Application
EF	I-Application
lenses	I-Application
on	O
a	O
Canon	O
body	O
)	O
although	O
there	O
are	O
also	O
many	O
independent	O
lens	O
manufacturers	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Sigma	O
,	O
Tamron	O
,	O
Tokina	O
,	O
and	O
Vivitar	O
that	O
make	O
lenses	O
for	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
different	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mounts	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
lens	O
adapters	O
that	O
allow	O
a	O
lens	O
for	O
one	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mounts	I-Algorithm
to	O
be	O
used	O
on	O
a	O
camera	O
body	O
with	O
a	O
different	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mount	I-Algorithm
but	O
with	O
often	O
reduced	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
lenses	O
are	O
mountable	O
,	O
"	O
diaphragm-and-meter-compatible	O
"	O
,	O
on	O
modern	O
DSLRs	B-Device
,	O
and	O
on	O
older	O
film	O
SLRs	B-Algorithm
that	O
use	O
the	O
same	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mount	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
when	O
lenses	O
designed	O
for	O
35	O
mm	O
film	O
or	O
equivalently	O
sized	O
digital	B-Algorithm
image	I-Algorithm
sensors	I-Algorithm
are	O
used	O
on	O
DSLRs	B-Device
with	O
smaller	O
sized	O
sensors	O
,	O
the	O
image	O
is	O
effectively	O
cropped	O
and	O
the	O
lens	O
appears	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
longer	O
focal	O
length	O
than	O
its	O
stated	O
focal	O
length	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
DSLR	B-Device
manufacturers	O
have	O
introduced	O
lines	O
of	O
lenses	O
with	O
image	O
circles	O
optimised	O
for	O
the	O
smaller	O
sensors	O
and	O
focal	O
lengths	O
equivalent	O
to	O
those	O
generally	O
offered	O
for	O
existing	O
35	O
mm	O
mount	O
DSLRs	B-Device
,	O
mostly	O
in	O
the	O
wide-angle	O
range	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
lenses	O
tend	O
not	O
to	O
be	O
completely	O
compatible	O
with	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
sensors	O
or	O
35	O
mm	O
film	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
smaller	O
imaging	O
circle	O
and	O
with	O
some	O
Canon	B-Algorithm
EF-S	I-Algorithm
lenses	I-Algorithm
,	O
interfere	O
with	O
the	O
reflex	O
mirrors	O
on	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
bodies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2008	O
,	O
manufacturers	O
have	O
offered	O
DSLRs	B-Device
which	O
offer	O
a	O
movie	O
mode	O
capable	O
of	O
recording	O
high	O
definition	O
motion	O
video	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
DSLR	B-Device
with	O
this	O
feature	O
is	O
often	O
known	O
as	O
an	O
HDSLR	O
or	O
DSLR	B-Device
video	O
shooter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
DSLR	B-Device
introduced	O
with	O
an	O
HD	O
movie	O
mode	O
,	O
the	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
D90	I-Algorithm
,	O
captures	O
video	O
at	O
720p24	O
(	O
1280x720	O
resolution	O
at	O
24	O
frame/s	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
Pentax	B-Algorithm
K-7	I-Algorithm
uses	O
a	O
nonstandard	O
resolution	O
of	O
1536×1024	O
,	O
which	O
matches	O
the	O
imager	B-Algorithm
's	O
3:2	O
aspect	O
ratio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Canon	B-Device
EOS	I-Device
500D	I-Device
(	O
Rebel	B-Device
T1i	I-Device
)	O
uses	O
a	O
nonstandard	O
frame	O
rate	O
of	O
20frame/s	O
at	O
1080p	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
a	O
more	O
conventional	O
720p30	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
general	O
,	O
HDSLRs	O
use	O
the	O
full	O
imager	B-Algorithm
area	O
to	O
capture	O
HD	O
video	O
,	O
though	O
not	O
all	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
causing	O
video	O
artifacts	O
to	O
some	O
degree	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compared	O
with	O
the	O
much	O
smaller	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensors	I-Algorithm
found	O
in	O
the	O
typical	O
camcorder	O
,	O
the	O
HDSLR	O
's	O
much	O
larger	O
sensor	O
yields	O
distinctly	O
different	O
image	O
characteristics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
low	O
ratio	O
of	O
active	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
to	O
total	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
)	O
is	O
more	O
susceptible	O
to	O
aliasing	O
artifacts	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
moiré	O
patterns	O
)	O
in	O
scenes	O
with	O
particular	O
textures	O
,	O
and	O
CMOS	B-Device
rolling	O
shutter	O
tends	O
to	O
be	O
more	O
severe	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
's	O
optical	O
construction	O
,	O
HDSLRs	O
typically	O
lack	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
video	O
functions	O
found	O
on	O
standard	O
dedicated	O
camcorders	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
autofocus	O
while	O
shooting	O
,	O
powered	O
zoom	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
electronic	O
viewfinder/preview	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Video	O
functionality	O
has	O
continued	O
to	O
improve	O
since	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	O
HDSLR	O
,	O
including	O
higher	O
video	O
resolution	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
1080p24	O
)	O
and	O
video	O
bitrate	O
,	O
improved	O
automatic	O
control	O
(	O
autofocus	O
)	O
and	O
manual	O
exposure	O
control	O
,	O
and	O
support	O
for	O
formats	O
compatible	O
with	O
high-definition	B-Device
television	I-Device
broadcast	O
,	O
Blu-ray	O
disc	O
mastering	O
or	O
Digital	O
Cinema	O
Initiatives	O
(	O
DCI	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Canon	B-Algorithm
EOS	I-Algorithm
5D	I-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
(	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
firmware	O
version	O
2.0.3/2.0.4	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
and	O
Panasonic	B-Device
Lumix	I-Device
GH1	I-Device
were	O
the	O
first	O
HDSLRs	O
to	O
offer	O
1080p	O
video	O
at	O
24fps	O
,	O
and	O
since	O
then	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
models	O
with	O
comparable	O
functionality	O
has	O
grown	O
considerably	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
rapid	O
maturation	O
of	O
HDSLR	O
cameras	O
has	O
sparked	O
a	O
revolution	O
in	O
digital	O
filmmaking	O
(	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
"	O
DSLR	B-Device
revolution	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
"	O
Shot	O
On	O
DSLR	B-Device
"	O
badge	O
is	O
a	O
quickly	O
growing	O
phrase	O
among	O
independent	O
filmmakers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Canon	O
's	O
North	O
American	O
TV	O
advertisements	O
featuring	O
the	O
Rebel	B-Device
T1i	I-Device
have	O
been	O
shot	O
using	O
the	O
T1i	B-Device
itself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
the	O
affordability	O
and	O
convenient	O
size	O
of	O
HDSLRs	O
compared	O
with	O
professional	O
movie	O
cameras	O
,	O
The	O
Avengers	O
used	O
five	O
Canon	B-Algorithm
EOS	I-Algorithm
5D	I-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
and	O
two	O
Canon	B-Algorithm
7D	I-Algorithm
to	O
shoot	O
the	O
scenes	O
from	O
various	O
vantage	O
angles	O
throughout	O
the	O
set	O
and	O
reduced	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
reshoots	O
of	O
complex	O
action	O
scenes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Manufacturers	O
have	O
sold	O
optional	O
accessories	O
to	O
optimize	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
camera	I-Device
as	O
a	O
video	O
camera	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
shotgun-type	O
microphone	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
External	O
EVF	B-Algorithm
with	O
1.2	O
million	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Early	O
DSLRs	B-Device
lacked	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
show	O
the	O
optical	O
viewfinder	O
's	O
image	O
on	O
the	O
LC	B-Device
display	I-Device
–	O
a	O
feature	O
known	O
as	O
live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
is	O
useful	O
in	O
situations	O
where	O
the	O
camera	O
's	O
eye-level	O
viewfinder	O
cannot	O
be	O
used	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
underwater	O
photography	O
where	O
the	O
camera	O
is	O
enclosed	O
in	O
a	O
plastic	O
waterproof	O
case	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2000	O
,	O
Olympus	O
introduced	O
the	O
Olympus	B-Algorithm
E-10	I-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
first	O
DSLR	B-Device
with	O
live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
–	O
albeit	O
with	O
an	O
atypical	O
fixed	O
lens	O
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
some	O
DSLRs	B-Device
from	O
Canon	O
,	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
,	O
Olympus	O
,	O
Panasonic	O
,	O
Leica	O
,	O
Pentax	B-Application
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
and	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
all	O
provided	O
continuous	O
live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
as	O
an	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
the	O
Fujifilm	B-Algorithm
FinePix	I-Algorithm
S5	I-Algorithm
Pro	I-Algorithm
offers	O
30	O
seconds	O
of	O
live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
almost	O
all	O
DSLRs	B-Device
that	O
offer	O
live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
via	O
the	O
primary	O
sensor	O
,	O
the	O
phase-detection	O
autofocus	O
system	O
does	O
not	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
mode	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
switches	O
to	O
a	O
slower	O
contrast	O
system	O
commonly	O
found	O
in	O
point	O
&	O
shoot	O
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2012	O
,	O
Canon	O
introduced	O
hybrid	O
autofocus	O
technology	O
to	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
in	O
the	O
EOS	B-Algorithm
650D/Rebel	I-Algorithm
T4i	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
introduced	O
a	O
more	O
sophisticated	O
version	O
,	O
which	O
it	O
calls	O
"	O
Dual	O
Pixel	B-Algorithm
CMOS	B-Device
AF	O
"	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
EOS	B-Algorithm
70D	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
technology	O
allows	O
certain	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
to	O
act	O
as	O
both	O
contrast-detection	O
and	O
phase-detection	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
thereby	O
greatly	O
improving	O
autofocus	O
speed	O
in	O
live	B-Device
view	I-Device
(	O
although	O
it	O
remains	O
slower	O
than	O
pure	O
phase	O
detection	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
several	O
mirrorless	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
plus	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
's	O
fixed-mirror	B-Device
SLTs	I-Device
,	O
have	O
similar	O
hybrid	O
AF	O
systems	O
,	O
Canon	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
manufacturer	O
that	O
offers	O
such	O
technology	O
in	O
DSLRs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
new	O
feature	O
via	O
a	O
separate	O
software	O
package	O
introduced	O
from	O
Breeze	O
Systems	O
in	O
October	O
2007	O
,	O
features	O
live	B-Device
view	I-Device
from	O
a	O
distance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	O
package	O
is	O
named	O
"	O
DSLR	B-Device
Remote	O
Pro	O
v1.5	O
"	O
and	O
enables	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
Canon	B-Device
EOS	I-Device
40D	I-Device
and	O
1D	B-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
III	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Image	B-Algorithm
sensors	I-Algorithm
used	O
in	O
DSLRs	B-Device
come	O
in	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
sizes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
very	O
largest	O
are	O
the	O
ones	O
used	O
in	O
"	O
medium	O
format	O
"	O
cameras	O
,	O
typically	O
via	O
a	O
"	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
"	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
a	O
film	O
back	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Full-frame	B-Algorithm
"	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
size	O
as	O
35mm	O
film	O
(	O
135	O
film	O
,	O
image	O
format	O
24×36mm	O
)	O
;	O
these	O
sensors	O
are	O
used	O
in	O
DSLRs	B-Device
such	O
as	O
the	O
Canon	B-Algorithm
EOS-1D	I-Algorithm
X	I-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
,	O
5DS/5DSR	B-Algorithm
,	O
5D	B-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
IV	I-Algorithm
and	O
6D	B-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
the	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
D5	I-Algorithm
,	O
D850	B-Algorithm
,	O
D750	B-Algorithm
,	O
D610	O
and	O
Df	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
modern	O
DSLRs	B-Device
use	O
a	O
smaller	O
sensor	O
that	O
is	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
sized	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
approximately	O
22×15mm	O
,	O
slightly	O
smaller	O
than	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
an	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
film	O
frame	O
,	O
or	O
about	O
40%	O
of	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
a	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
sensor	B-Algorithm
sizes	I-Algorithm
found	O
in	O
DSLRs	B-Device
include	O
the	O
Four	B-Architecture
Thirds	I-Architecture
System	I-Architecture
sensor	O
at	O
26%	O
of	O
full	O
frame	O
,	O
APS-H	O
sensors	O
(	O
used	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
Canon	B-Algorithm
EOS-1D	I-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
III	I-Algorithm
)	O
at	O
around	O
61%	O
of	O
full	O
frame	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
original	O
Foveon	B-Algorithm
X3	I-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
at	O
33%	O
of	O
full	O
frame	O
(	O
although	O
Foveon	O
sensors	O
since	O
2013	O
have	O
been	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
sized	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Leica	O
offers	O
an	O
"	O
S-System	O
"	O
DSLR	B-Device
with	O
a	O
30×45mm	O
array	O
containing	O
37	O
million	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
sensor	O
is	O
56%	O
larger	O
than	O
a	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resolution	O
of	O
DSLR	B-Device
sensors	O
is	O
typically	O
measured	O
in	O
megapixels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
comparing	O
two	O
sensors	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
size	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
two	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
sensors	O
one	O
12.1	O
MP	O
and	O
one	O
18	O
MP	O
,	O
the	O
one	O
with	O
the	O
lower	O
megapixel	O
rating	O
will	O
usually	O
perform	O
better	O
in	O
low	O
light	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
because	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
individual	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
is	O
larger	O
,	O
and	O
more	O
light	O
is	O
landing	O
on	O
each	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
,	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
sensor	O
with	O
more	O
megapixels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
not	O
always	O
the	O
case	O
,	O
because	O
newer	O
cameras	O
that	O
have	O
higher	O
megapixels	O
also	O
have	O
better	O
noise	O
reduction	O
software	O
,	O
and	O
higher	O
ISO	O
settings	O
to	O
make	O
up	O
for	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
light	O
per	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
due	O
to	O
higher	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
density	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Type	O
Four	B-Architecture
Thirds	I-Architecture
Sigma	O
FoveonX3	O
Canon	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
Sony	B-Algorithm
·	O
Pentax	B-Application
·	O
Sigma	O
·	O
Samsung	B-Application
APS-C	B-Algorithm
/	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
DX	O
Canon	O
APS-H	O
35	O
mm	O
Full-frame/	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
FX	I-Algorithm
Leica	B-Algorithm
S2	I-Algorithm
Pentax	B-Algorithm
645D	I-Algorithm
Phase	O
One	O
P	O
65+	O
Diagonal	O
(	O
mm	O
)	O
21.6	O
24.9	O
26.7	O
28.2	O
–	O
28.4	O
33.5	O
43.2	O
–	O
43.3	O
54	O
55	O
67.4	O
Width	O
(	O
mm	O
)	O
17.3	O
20.7	O
22.2	O
23.6	O
–	O
23.7	O
27.9	O
36	O
45	O
44	O
53.9	O
Height	O
(	O
mm	O
)	O
13.0	O
13.8	O
14.8	O
15.6	O
18.6	O
23.9	O
–	O
24	O
3033	O
40.4	O
Area	O
(	O
mm2	O
)	O
225	O
286	O
329	O
368	O
–	O
370	O
519	O
860	O
–	O
864	O
13501452	O
2178	O
Crop	O
factorDefined	O
here	O
as	O
the	O
ratio	O
of	O
the	O
diagonal	O
of	O
a	O
full	O
35	O
frame	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
sensor	B-Algorithm
format	I-Algorithm
,	O
that	O
is	O
CF	O
=	O
diag35	O
mm	O
/	O
diagsensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
lenses	O
typically	O
used	O
on	O
DSLRs	B-Device
have	O
a	O
wider	O
range	O
of	O
apertures	O
available	O
to	O
them	O
,	O
ranging	O
from	O
as	O
large	O
as	O
0.9	O
to	O
about	O
32	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
apertures	O
that	O
smaller	O
sensor	O
cameras	O
have	O
available	O
give	O
much	O
more	O
depth	O
of	O
field	O
than	O
equivalent	O
angles	O
of	O
view	O
on	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
a	O
6	O
mm	O
lens	O
on	O
a	O
2/3	O
″	O
sensor	O
digicam	B-Device
has	O
a	O
field	O
of	O
view	O
similar	O
to	O
a	O
24mm	O
lens	O
on	O
a	O
35mm	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
angle	O
of	O
view	O
of	O
a	O
lens	O
depends	O
upon	O
its	O
focal	O
length	O
and	O
the	O
camera	O
's	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
size	I-Algorithm
;	O
a	O
sensor	O
smaller	O
than	O
35mm	O
film	O
format	O
(	O
36×24mm	O
frame	O
)	O
gives	O
a	O
narrower	O
angle	O
of	O
view	O
for	O
a	O
lens	O
of	O
a	O
given	O
focal	O
length	O
than	O
a	O
camera	O
equipped	O
with	O
a	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
(	O
35	O
mm	O
)	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2017	O
,	O
only	O
a	O
few	O
current	O
DSLRs	B-Device
have	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
sensors	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
Canon	B-Algorithm
EOS-1D	I-Algorithm
X	I-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
,	O
EOS	B-Algorithm
5D	I-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
IV	I-Algorithm
,	O
EOS	B-Algorithm
5DS/5DS	I-Algorithm
R	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
EOS	B-Algorithm
6D	I-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
;	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
's	O
D5	B-Algorithm
,	O
D610	O
,	O
D750	B-Algorithm
,	O
D850	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
Df	B-Algorithm
;	O
and	O
the	O
Pentax	B-Algorithm
K-1	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
scarcity	O
of	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
DSLRs	I-Algorithm
is	O
partly	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
such	O
large	O
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Medium	O
format	O
size	O
sensors	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
those	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
Mamiya	O
ZD	O
among	O
others	O
,	O
are	O
even	O
larger	O
than	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
(	O
35mm	O
)	O
sensors	O
,	O
and	O
capable	O
of	O
even	O
greater	O
resolution	O
,	O
and	O
are	O
correspondingly	O
more	O
expensive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
impact	O
of	O
sensor	B-Algorithm
size	I-Algorithm
on	O
the	O
field	O
of	O
view	O
is	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
crop	O
factor	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
focal	O
length	O
multiplier	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
factor	O
by	O
which	O
a	O
lens	O
focal	O
length	O
can	O
be	O
multiplied	O
to	O
give	O
the	O
full-frame-equivalent	O
focal	O
length	O
for	O
a	O
lens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typical	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
sensors	O
have	O
crop	O
factors	O
of	O
1.5	O
to	O
1.7	O
,	O
so	O
a	O
lens	O
with	O
a	O
focal	O
length	O
of	O
50mm	O
will	O
give	O
a	O
field	O
of	O
view	O
equal	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
a	O
75mm	O
to	O
85mm	O
lens	O
on	O
a	O
35	O
mm	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
smaller	O
sensors	O
of	O
Four	B-Architecture
Thirds	I-Architecture
System	I-Architecture
cameras	O
have	O
a	O
crop	O
factor	O
of	O
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
crop	O
factor	O
of	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
cameras	O
effectively	O
narrows	O
the	O
angle	O
of	O
view	O
of	O
long-focus	O
(	O
telephoto	O
)	O
lenses	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
easier	O
to	O
take	O
close-up	O
images	O
of	O
distant	O
objects	O
,	O
wide-angle	O
lenses	O
suffer	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
their	O
angle	O
of	O
view	O
by	O
the	O
same	O
factor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DSLRs	B-Device
with	O
"	O
crop	O
"	O
sensor	B-Algorithm
size	I-Algorithm
have	O
slightly	O
more	O
depth-of-field	O
than	O
cameras	O
with	O
35mm	O
sized	O
sensors	O
for	O
a	O
given	O
angle	O
of	O
view	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
13	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
FujiFilm	O
announced	O
the	O
FinePix	B-Algorithm
IS	I-Algorithm
Pro	I-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
uses	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
F-mount	O
lenses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
camera	O
,	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
having	O
live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
,	O
has	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
record	O
in	O
the	O
infrared	O
and	O
ultraviolet	O
spectra	O
of	O
light	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2010	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
released	O
series	O
of	O
DSLRs	B-Device
allowing	O
3D	O
photography	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1969	O
,	O
Willard	O
S	O
.	O
Boyle	O
and	O
George	O
E	O
.	O
Smith	O
invented	O
charge	O
coupled	O
semiconductor	O
devices	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
analog	O
storage	O
registers	O
and	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensors	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
(	O
Charge-Coupled	B-Algorithm
Device	I-Algorithm
)	O
imager	B-Algorithm
provides	O
a	O
low	O
noise	O
analog	O
image	O
signal	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
digitized	O
when	O
used	O
in	O
a	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1973	O
,	O
Fairchild	O
developed	O
a	O
100	O
x	O
100	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
interline	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
was	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
commercial	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
late	O
1973	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1974	O
,	O
Kodak	O
scientists	O
Peter	O
Dillon	O
and	O
Albert	O
Brault	O
used	O
this	O
Fairchild	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
202	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
to	O
create	O
the	O
first	O
color	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
,	O
by	O
fabricating	O
a	O
red	O
,	O
green	O
,	O
and	O
blue	O
color	O
filter	O
array	O
which	O
was	O
registered	O
and	O
bonded	O
to	O
the	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1975	O
Kodak	O
engineer	O
Steven	O
Sasson	O
built	O
the	O
first	O
portable	O
,	O
battery	O
operated	O
digital	B-Device
still	I-Device
camera	I-Device
,	O
which	O
used	O
a	O
zoom	O
lens	O
from	O
a	O
Kodak	O
Super	O
8mm	O
movie	O
camera	O
and	O
a	O
monochrome	O
Fairchild	O
100×100	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
CCD	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
prototype	O
filmless	O
SLR	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
was	O
publicly	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
in	O
August	O
1981	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
Mavica	I-Algorithm
(	O
magnetic	O
still	O
video	O
camera	O
)	O
used	O
a	O
color	O
striped	O
2/3	O
”	O
format	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
with	O
280K	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
along	O
with	O
analogue	O
video	O
signal	O
processing	O
and	O
recording	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mavica	B-Algorithm
electronic	O
still	O
camera	O
employed	O
a	O
TTL	O
single	B-Algorithm
lens	I-Algorithm
reflex	I-Algorithm
viewfinder	O
,	O
shown	O
in	O
the	O
graphic	O
from	O
a	O
June	O
1982	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
press	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
disk	O
format	O
was	O
later	O
standardized	O
as	O
the	O
“	O
Still	O
Video	O
Floppy	O
”	O
,	O
or	O
“	O
SVF	O
”	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
Mavica	I-Algorithm
was	O
the	O
first	O
“	O
SVF-SLR	O
”	O
to	O
be	O
demonstrated	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
a	O
D-SLR	B-Device
since	O
it	O
recorded	O
analog	O
video	O
images	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
digital	B-Algorithm
images	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
late	O
1990s	O
,	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
introduced	O
the	O
“	O
Digital	O
Mavica	B-Algorithm
”	O
series	O
of	O
consumer	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
the	O
original	O
analog	O
Mavica	B-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
Digital	O
Mavica	B-Algorithm
cameras	O
recorded	O
JPEG	O
compressed	O
image	O
files	O
on	O
standard	O
3	O
”	O
magnetic	O
floppy	O
disks	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
an	O
SLR	B-Algorithm
viewfinder	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
employed	O
an	O
SLR	B-Algorithm
viewfinder	O
and	O
included	O
a	O
2/3	O
”	O
format	O
color	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
with	O
380K	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
included	O
the	O
monochrome	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
QV-1000C	O
SVF-SLR	O
camera	O
,	O
introduced	O
in	O
1988	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
an	O
F-mount	O
for	O
interchangeable	O
QV	O
Nikkor	O
lenses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1986	O
,	O
the	O
Kodak	O
Microelectronics	O
Technology	O
Division	O
developed	O
a	O
1.3	O
MP	O
CCD	B-Algorithm
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
first	O
with	O
more	O
than	O
1	O
million	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1987	O
,	O
this	O
sensor	O
was	O
integrated	O
with	O
a	O
Canon	O
F-1	O
film	O
SLR	B-Algorithm
body	O
at	O
the	O
Kodak	O
Federal	O
Systems	O
Division	O
to	O
create	O
an	O
early	O
DSLR	B-Device
camera	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
monitored	O
the	O
camera	O
body	O
battery	O
current	O
to	O
sync	O
the	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
film	O
body	O
shutter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Algorithm
images	I-Algorithm
were	O
stored	O
on	O
a	O
tethered	O
hard	O
drive	O
and	O
processed	O
for	O
histogram	O
feedback	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
camera	O
was	O
created	O
for	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Government	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
several	O
other	O
models	O
intended	O
for	O
government	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
eventually	O
a	O
commercial	O
DSLR	B-Device
,	O
launched	O
by	O
Kodak	O
in	O
1991.In	O
1995	O
,	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
co-developed	O
the	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
E	I-Algorithm
series	I-Algorithm
with	O
Fujifilm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
E	O
series	O
included	O
the	O
Nikon	O
E2/E2S	O
,	O
Nikon	O
E2N/E2NS	O
and	O
the	O
Nikon	O
E3/E3S	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
E3S	B-Algorithm
released	O
in	O
December	O
1999	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1999	O
,	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
announced	O
the	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
D1	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
D1	O
's	O
body	O
was	O
similar	O
to	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
's	O
professional	O
35	O
mm	O
film	O
SLRs	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
it	O
had	O
the	O
same	O
Nikkor	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mount	I-Algorithm
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
D1	O
to	O
use	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
's	O
existing	O
line	O
of	O
AI/AIS	O
manual	O
focus	O
and	O
AF	O
lenses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
and	O
other	O
manufacturers	O
had	O
produced	O
digital	B-Device
SLR	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
for	O
several	O
years	O
prior	O
,	O
the	O
D1	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
professional	O
digital	B-Device
SLR	I-Device
that	O
displaced	O
Kodak	O
's	O
then-undisputed	O
reign	O
over	O
the	O
professional	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Over	O
the	O
next	O
decade	O
,	O
other	O
camera	O
manufacturers	O
entered	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
market	O
,	O
including	O
Canon	O
,	O
Kodak	O
,	O
Fujifilm	O
,	O
Minolta	O
(	O
later	O
Konica	O
Minolta	O
,	O
and	O
ultimately	O
acquired	O
by	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
)	O
,	O
Pentax	B-Application
(	O
whose	O
camera	O
division	O
is	O
now	O
owned	O
by	O
Ricoh	O
)	O
,	O
Olympus	O
,	O
Panasonic	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
,	O
Sigma	O
,	O
and	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2000	O
,	O
Fujifilm	O
announced	O
the	O
FinePix	B-Device
S1	I-Device
Pro	I-Device
,	O
the	O
first	O
consumer-level	O
DSLR	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2001	O
,	O
Canon	O
released	O
its	O
4.1	O
megapixel	O
EOS-1D	B-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
brand	O
's	O
first	O
professional	O
digital	O
body	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2003	O
,	O
Canon	O
introduced	O
the	O
6.3	O
megapixel	O
EOS	B-Algorithm
300D	I-Algorithm
SLR	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
(	O
known	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
and	O
Canada	O
as	O
the	O
Digital	B-Algorithm
Rebel	I-Algorithm
and	O
in	O
Japan	O
as	O
the	O
Kiss	O
Digital	O
)	O
with	O
an	O
MSRP	O
of	O
US$999	O
,	O
aimed	O
at	O
the	O
consumer	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
commercial	O
success	O
encouraged	O
other	O
manufacturers	O
to	O
produce	O
competing	O
digital	B-Device
SLRs	I-Device
,	O
lowering	O
entry	O
costs	O
and	O
allowing	O
more	O
amateur	O
photographers	O
to	O
purchase	O
DSLRs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2004	O
,	O
Konica	O
Minolta	O
released	O
the	O
Konica	B-Algorithm
Minolta	I-Algorithm
Maxxum	I-Algorithm
7D	I-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
first	O
DSLR	B-Device
with	O
in-body	O
image	O
stabilization	O
which	O
later	O
on	O
become	O
standard	O
in	O
Pentax	B-Application
,	O
Olympus	O
and	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
Alpha	I-Algorithm
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
2008	O
,	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
released	O
the	O
D90	B-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
first	O
DSLR	B-Device
to	O
feature	O
video	O
recording	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
then	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
megapixels	O
in	O
imaging	B-Algorithm
sensors	I-Algorithm
has	O
increased	O
steadily	O
,	O
with	O
most	O
companies	O
focusing	O
on	O
high	O
ISO	O
performance	O
,	O
speed	O
of	O
focus	O
,	O
higher	O
frame	O
rates	O
,	O
the	O
elimination	O
of	O
digital	O
'	O
noise	O
 '	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
imaging	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
price	O
reductions	O
to	O
lure	O
new	O
customers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2012	O
,	O
Canon	O
announced	O
the	O
first	O
DSLR	B-Device
to	O
feature	O
a	O
touchscreen	B-Device
,	O
the	O
EOS	B-Algorithm
650D/Rebel	I-Algorithm
T4i/Kiss	I-Algorithm
X6i	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
this	O
feature	O
had	O
been	O
widely	O
used	O
on	O
both	O
compact	O
cameras	O
and	O
mirrorless	B-Device
models	O
,	O
it	O
had	O
not	O
made	O
an	O
appearance	O
in	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
until	O
the	O
650D	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DSLR	B-Device
market	O
is	O
dominated	O
by	O
Japanese	O
companies	O
and	O
the	O
top	O
five	O
manufacturers	O
are	O
Japanese	O
:	O
Canon	O
,	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
,	O
Olympus	O
,	O
Pentax	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
manufacturers	O
of	O
DSLRs	B-Device
include	O
Mamiya	O
,	O
Sigma	O
,	O
Leica	O
(	O
German	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
(	O
Swedish	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2007	O
,	O
Canon	O
edged	O
out	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
with	O
41%	O
of	O
worldwide	O
sales	O
to	O
the	O
latter	O
's	O
40%	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
and	O
Olympus	O
each	O
with	O
approximately	O
6%	O
market	O
share	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
Japanese	O
domestic	O
market	O
,	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
captured	O
43.3	O
%	O
to	O
Canon	O
's	O
39.9	O
%	O
,	O
with	O
Pentax	B-Application
a	O
distant	O
third	O
at	O
6.3	O
%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
Canon	O
's	O
and	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
's	O
offerings	O
took	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
sales	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2010	O
,	O
Canon	O
controlled	O
44.5	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
market	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
with	O
29.8	O
%	O
and	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
with	O
11.9	O
%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
Canon	O
and	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
,	O
digital	B-Device
SLRs	I-Device
are	O
their	O
biggest	O
source	O
of	O
profits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
Canon	O
,	O
their	O
DSLRs	B-Device
brought	O
in	O
four	O
times	O
the	O
profits	O
from	O
compact	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
while	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
earned	O
more	O
from	O
DSLRs	B-Device
and	O
lenses	O
than	O
with	O
any	O
other	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Olympus	O
and	O
Panasonic	O
have	O
since	O
exited	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
market	O
and	O
now	O
focus	O
on	O
producing	O
mirrorless	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013	O
,	O
after	O
a	O
decade	O
of	O
double-digit	O
growth	O
,	O
DSLR	B-Device
(	O
along	O
with	O
MILC	B-Device
)	O
sales	O
are	O
down	O
15	O
percent	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
some	O
low-end	O
DSLR	B-Device
users	O
choosing	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
market	O
intelligence	O
firm	O
IDC	O
predicted	O
that	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
would	O
be	O
out	O
of	O
business	O
by	O
2018	O
if	O
the	O
trend	O
continued	O
,	O
although	O
this	O
did	O
not	O
come	O
to	O
pass	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Beginning	O
in	O
the	O
2010s	O
,	O
major	O
camera	O
manufacturers	O
began	O
to	O
transition	O
their	O
product	O
lines	O
away	O
from	O
DSLR	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
to	O
mirrorless	B-Device
interchangeable-lens	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
(	O
MILC	B-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2013	O
,	O
Olympus	O
announced	O
they	O
would	O
stop	O
development	O
of	O
DSLR	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
and	O
will	O
focus	O
on	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
MILC	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nikon	B-Algorithm
announced	O
they	O
were	O
ending	O
production	O
of	O
DSLRs	B-Device
in	O
Japan	O
in	O
2020	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
similar	O
announcements	O
from	O
Canon	O
and	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
DSLRs	B-Device
are	O
widely	O
used	O
by	O
consumers	O
and	O
professional	O
still	O
photographers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Well	O
established	O
DSLRs	B-Device
currently	O
offer	O
a	O
larger	O
variety	O
of	O
dedicated	O
lenses	O
and	O
other	O
List	O
of	O
photographic	O
equipment	O
makers	O
equipment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mainstream	O
DSLRs	B-Device
(	O
in	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
or	O
smaller	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
format	I-Algorithm
)	O
are	O
produced	O
by	O
Canon	O
,	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
,	O
Pentax	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Sigma	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pentax	B-Application
,	O
Phase	O
One	O
,	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
Mamiya	O
Leaf	O
produce	O
expensive	O
,	O
high-end	O
medium-format	O
DSLRs	B-Device
,	O
including	O
some	O
with	O
removable	O
sensor	O
backs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Contax	O
,	O
Fujifilm	O
,	O
Kodak	O
,	O
Panasonic	O
,	O
Olympus	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
previously	O
produced	O
DSLRs	B-Device
,	O
but	O
now	O
either	O
offer	O
non-DSLR	O
systems	O
or	O
have	O
left	O
the	O
camera	O
market	O
entirely	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Konica	O
Minolta	O
's	O
line	O
of	O
DSLRs	B-Device
was	O
purchased	O
by	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Canon	O
's	O
current	O
2018	O
EOS	O
digital	O
line	O
includes	O
the	O
Canon	B-Algorithm
EOS	I-Algorithm
1300D/Rebel	I-Algorithm
T6	I-Algorithm
,	O
200D/SL2	B-Algorithm
,	O
800D/T7i	B-Algorithm
,	O
77D	B-Algorithm
,	O
80D	B-Algorithm
,	O
7D	B-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
,	O
6D	B-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
,	O
5D	B-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
IV	I-Algorithm
,	O
5Ds	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
5Ds	I-Algorithm
R	I-Algorithm
and	O
the	O
1D	B-Algorithm
X	I-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
Canon	O
DSLRs	B-Device
with	O
three	O
-	O
and	O
four-digit	O
model	O
numbers	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
7D	B-Algorithm
Mark	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
,	O
have	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
6D	O
,	O
5D	O
series	O
,	O
and	O
1D	O
X	O
are	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
all	O
current	O
Canon	O
DSLRs	B-Device
use	O
CMOS	B-Device
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nikon	B-Algorithm
has	O
a	O
broad	O
line	O
of	O
DSLRs	B-Device
,	O
most	O
in	O
direct	O
competition	O
with	O
Canon	O
's	O
offerings	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
D3400	B-Algorithm
,	O
D5600	B-Algorithm
,	O
D7500	B-Algorithm
and	O
D500	B-Algorithm
with	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
sensors	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
D610	O
,	O
D750	B-Algorithm
,	O
D850	B-Algorithm
,	O
D5	B-Algorithm
,	O
D3X	B-Algorithm
and	O
the	O
Df	B-Algorithm
with	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Leica	O
produces	O
the	O
S2	B-Algorithm
,	O
a	O
medium	O
format	O
DSLR	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pentax	B-Application
currently	O
offers	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
,	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
and	O
medium	O
format	O
DSLRs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
cameras	O
include	O
the	O
K-3	B-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
,	O
Pentax	B-Algorithm
KP	I-Algorithm
and	O
K-S2	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
K-1	O
Mark	O
II	O
,	O
announced	O
in	O
2018	O
as	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
Pentax	B-Algorithm
K-1	I-Algorithm
,	O
is	O
the	O
current	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
and	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
models	O
have	O
extensive	O
backward	O
compatibility	O
with	O
Pentax	B-Application
and	O
third	O
party	O
film	O
era	O
lenses	O
from	O
about	O
1975	O
,	O
those	O
that	O
use	O
the	O
Pentax	B-Algorithm
K	I-Algorithm
mount	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Pentax	B-Algorithm
645Z	I-Algorithm
medium	O
format	O
DSLR	B-Device
is	O
also	O
back-compatible	O
with	O
Pentax	B-Application
645	O
system	O
lenses	O
from	O
the	O
film	O
era	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sigma	O
produces	O
DSLRs	B-Device
using	O
the	O
Foveon	B-Algorithm
X3	I-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
,	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
conventional	O
Bayer	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
claimed	O
to	O
give	O
higher	O
colour	O
resolution	O
,	O
although	O
headline	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
counts	O
are	O
lower	O
than	O
conventional	O
Bayer-sensor	O
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
currently	O
offers	O
the	O
entry-level	O
SD15	B-Algorithm
and	O
the	O
professional	O
SD1	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sigma	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
DSLR	B-Device
manufacturer	O
that	O
sells	O
lenses	O
for	O
other	O
brands	O
 '	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mounts	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	B-Algorithm
has	O
modified	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
formula	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
single-lens	B-Device
translucent	I-Device
(	O
SLT	O
)	O
cameras	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
still	O
technically	O
DSLRs	B-Device
,	O
but	O
feature	O
a	O
fixed	O
mirror	O
that	O
allows	O
most	O
light	O
through	O
to	O
the	O
sensor	O
while	O
reflecting	O
some	O
light	O
to	O
the	O
autofocus	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	B-Algorithm
's	O
SLTs	O
feature	O
full-time	O
phase	O
detection	O
autofocus	O
during	O
video	O
recording	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
continuous	O
shooting	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
12	O
frame/s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
α	O
series	O
,	O
whether	O
traditional	O
SLRs	B-Algorithm
or	O
SLTs	O
,	O
offers	O
in-body	O
sensor-shift	O
image	O
stabilization	O
and	O
retains	O
the	O
Minolta	O
AF	O
lens	B-Algorithm
mount	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
the	O
lineup	O
included	O
the	O
Alpha	O
68	O
,	O
the	O
semipro	O
Alpha	B-Algorithm
77	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
the	O
professional	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
Alpha	B-Algorithm
99	I-Algorithm
II	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
translucent	O
(	O
transmissive	O
)	O
fixed	O
mirror	O
allows	O
70	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
light	O
to	O
pass	O
through	O
onto	O
the	O
imaging	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
,	O
meaning	O
a	O
1/3rd	O
stop-loss	O
light	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
this	O
light	O
is	O
continuously	O
reflected	O
onto	O
the	O
camera	O
's	O
phase-detection	O
AF	O
sensor	O
for	O
fast	O
autofocus	O
for	O
both	O
the	O
viewfinder	O
and	O
live	B-Device
view	I-Device
on	O
the	O
rear	O
screen	O
,	O
even	O
during	O
the	O
video	O
and	O
continuous	O
shooting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
arrangement	O
means	O
that	O
the	O
SLT	O
cameras	O
use	O
an	O
electronic	B-Algorithm
viewfinder	I-Algorithm
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
an	O
optical	O
viewfinder	O
,	O
which	O
some	O
consider	O
a	O
disadvantage	O
,	O
but	O
does	O
have	O
the	O
advantage	O
of	O
a	O
live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
of	O
the	O
shot	O
with	O
current	O
settings	O
,	O
anything	O
displayed	O
on	O
the	O
rear	O
screen	O
is	O
displayed	O
on	O
the	O
viewfinder	O
,	O
and	O
handles	O
bright	O
situations	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
reflex	O
design	O
scheme	O
is	O
the	O
primary	O
difference	O
between	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
and	O
other	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
reflex	O
design	O
scheme	O
,	O
the	O
image	O
captured	O
on	O
the	O
camera	B-Algorithm
's	I-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
is	O
also	O
the	O
image	O
that	O
is	O
seen	O
through	O
the	O
viewfinder	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Light	O
travels	O
through	O
a	O
single	B-Algorithm
lens	I-Algorithm
and	O
a	O
mirror	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
reflect	O
a	O
portion	O
of	O
that	O
light	O
through	O
the	O
viewfinder	O
–	O
hence	O
the	O
name	O
"	O
single-lens	B-Algorithm
reflex	I-Algorithm
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
there	O
are	O
variations	O
among	O
point-and-shoot	O
cameras	O
,	O
the	O
typical	O
design	O
exposes	O
the	O
sensor	O
constantly	O
to	O
the	O
light	O
projected	O
by	O
the	O
lens	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
camera	O
's	O
screen	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
an	O
electronic	B-Algorithm
viewfinder	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
LCDs	B-Device
can	O
be	O
difficult	O
to	O
see	O
in	O
very	O
bright	O
sunlight	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compared	O
with	O
some	O
low-cost	O
cameras	O
that	O
provide	O
an	O
optical	O
viewfinder	O
that	O
uses	O
a	O
small	O
auxiliary	O
lens	O
,	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
design	O
has	O
the	O
advantage	O
of	O
being	O
parallax-free	O
:	O
it	O
never	O
provides	O
an	O
off-axis	O
view	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
disadvantage	O
of	O
the	O
DSLR	B-Device
optical	O
viewfinder	O
system	O
is	O
that	O
when	O
it	O
is	O
used	O
,	O
it	O
prevents	O
using	O
the	O
LCD	B-Device
for	O
viewing	O
and	O
composing	O
the	O
picture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Therefore	O
,	O
many	O
early	O
DSLRs	B-Device
did	O
not	O
provide	O
"	O
live	B-Device
preview	I-Device
"	O
(	O
i.e.	O
,	O
focusing	O
,	O
framing	O
,	O
and	O
depth-of-field	O
preview	O
using	O
the	O
display	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
facility	O
that	O
is	O
always	O
available	O
on	O
digicams	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Today	O
most	O
DSLRs	B-Device
can	O
alternate	O
between	O
live	B-Device
view	I-Device
and	O
viewing	O
through	O
an	O
optical	O
viewfinder	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
larger	O
,	O
advanced	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
offer	O
a	O
non-optical	O
electronic	O
through-the-lens	O
(	O
TTL	O
)	O
view	O
,	O
via	O
an	O
eye-level	O
electronic	B-Algorithm
viewfinder	I-Algorithm
(	O
EVF	B-Algorithm
)	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
rear	O
LCD	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
difference	O
in	O
view	O
compared	O
with	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
is	O
that	O
the	O
EVF	B-Algorithm
shows	O
a	O
digitally	O
created	O
image	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
viewfinder	O
in	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
shows	O
an	O
actual	O
optical	O
image	O
via	O
the	O
reflex	O
viewing	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
EVF	B-Algorithm
image	O
has	O
the	O
lag	O
time	O
(	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
it	O
reacts	O
with	O
a	O
delay	O
to	O
view	O
changes	O
)	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
lower	O
resolution	O
than	O
an	O
optical	O
viewfinder	O
but	O
achieves	O
parallax-free	O
viewing	O
using	O
less	O
bulk	O
and	O
mechanical	O
complexity	O
than	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
with	O
its	O
reflex	O
viewing	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compared	O
with	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
with	O
LCD	B-Device
electronic	B-Algorithm
viewfinders	I-Algorithm
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
time	O
lag	O
in	O
the	O
image	O
:	O
it	O
is	O
always	O
correct	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
being	O
"	O
updated	O
"	O
at	O
the	O
speed	O
of	O
light	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
resolution	O
"	O
of	O
the	O
viewed	O
image	O
is	O
much	O
better	O
than	O
that	O
provided	O
by	O
an	O
LCD	B-Device
or	O
an	O
electronic	B-Algorithm
viewfinder	I-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
important	O
if	O
manual	O
focusing	O
is	O
desired	O
for	O
precise	O
focusing	O
,	O
as	O
would	O
be	O
the	O
case	O
in	O
macro	O
photography	O
and	O
"	O
micro-photography	O
"	O
(	O
with	O
a	O
microscope	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
electronic	B-Algorithm
viewfinders	I-Algorithm
may	O
provide	O
a	O
brighter	O
display	O
in	O
low	O
light	O
situations	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
picture	O
can	O
be	O
electronically	O
amplified	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DSLR	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
often	O
have	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensors	I-Algorithm
of	O
much	B-Algorithm
larger	I-Algorithm
size	I-Algorithm
and	O
often	O
higher	O
quality	O
,	O
offering	O
lower	O
noise	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
useful	O
in	O
low	O
light	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
mirrorless	B-Device
digital	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
with	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
and	O
full	O
frame	O
sensors	O
exist	O
,	O
most	O
full	O
frame	O
and	O
medium	O
format	O
sized	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensors	I-Algorithm
are	O
still	O
seen	O
in	O
DSLR	B-Device
designs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
,	O
DSLRs	B-Device
offered	O
faster	O
and	O
more	O
responsive	O
performance	O
,	O
with	O
less	O
shutter	O
lag	O
,	O
faster	O
autofocus	O
systems	O
,	O
and	O
higher	O
frame	O
rates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Around	O
2016	O
–	O
17	O
,	O
some	O
mirrorless	B-Device
camera	I-Device
models	O
started	O
offering	O
competitive	O
or	O
superior	O
specifications	O
in	O
these	O
aspects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
were	O
once	O
significantly	O
slower	O
in	O
image	O
capture	O
(	O
time	O
measured	O
from	O
pressing	O
the	O
shutter	O
release	O
to	O
the	O
writing	O
of	O
the	O
digital	B-Algorithm
image	I-Algorithm
to	O
the	O
storage	O
medium	O
)	O
than	O
DSLR	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
but	O
this	O
situation	O
is	O
changing	O
with	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
faster	O
capture	O
memory	O
cards	O
and	O
faster	O
in-camera	O
processing	O
chips	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Still	O
,	O
compact	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
are	O
not	O
suited	O
for	O
action	O
,	O
wildlife	O
,	O
sports	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
photography	O
requiring	O
a	O
high	O
burst	O
rate	O
(	O
frames	O
per	O
second	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bridge	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
provide	O
some	O
degree	O
of	O
manual	O
control	O
over	O
the	O
camera	O
's	O
shooting	O
modes	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
even	O
have	O
hot	B-Algorithm
shoes	I-Algorithm
and	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
attach	O
lens	O
accessories	O
such	O
as	O
filters	O
and	O
secondary	O
converters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DSLRs	B-Device
typically	O
provide	O
the	O
photographer	O
with	O
full	O
control	O
over	O
all	O
the	O
important	O
parameters	O
of	O
photography	O
and	O
have	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
attach	O
additional	O
accessories	O
using	O
the	O
hot	B-Algorithm
shoe	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
including	O
hot	O
shoe-mounted	O
flash	O
units	O
,	O
battery	B-Algorithm
grips	I-Algorithm
for	O
additional	O
power	O
and	O
hand	O
positions	O
,	O
external	O
light	O
meters	O
,	O
and	O
remote	O
controls	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DSLRs	B-Device
typically	O
also	O
have	O
fully	O
automatic	O
shooting	O
modes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DSLRs	B-Device
have	O
a	O
larger	O
focal	O
length	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
field	O
of	O
view	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
the	O
creative	O
use	O
of	O
depth	O
of	O
field	O
effects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
small	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
can	O
focus	O
better	O
on	O
closer	O
objects	O
than	O
typical	O
DSLR	B-Device
lenses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
sensors	O
used	O
in	O
current	O
DSLRs	B-Device
(	O
"	O
Full-frame	B-Algorithm
"	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
size	O
as	O
35mm	O
film	O
(	O
135	O
films	O
,	O
image	O
format	O
24×36mm	O
)	O
,	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
sized	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
approximately	O
22×15mm	O
,	O
and	O
Four	B-Architecture
Thirds	I-Architecture
System	I-Architecture
)	O
are	O
typically	O
much	O
larger	O
than	O
the	O
sensors	O
found	O
in	O
other	O
types	O
of	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Entry-level	O
compact	O
cameras	O
typically	O
use	O
sensors	O
known	O
as	O
1/2.5	O
″	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
3%	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
a	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
bridge	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
premium	O
compact	O
cameras	O
or	O
enthusiast	O
point-and-shoot	O
cameras	O
)	O
that	O
offer	O
sensors	O
larger	O
than	O
1/2.5	O
″	O
but	O
most	O
still	O
fall	O
short	O
of	O
the	O
larger	O
sizes	O
widely	O
found	O
on	O
DSLR	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
include	O
the	O
Sigma	B-Device
DP1	I-Device
,	O
which	O
uses	O
a	O
Foveon	B-Algorithm
X3	I-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
;	O
the	O
Leica	B-Algorithm
X1	I-Algorithm
;	O
the	O
Canon	O
PowerShot	O
G1	O
X	O
,	O
which	O
uses	O
a	O
1.5	O
″	O
(	O
18.7	O
×14mm	O
)	O
sensor	O
that	O
is	O
slightly	O
larger	O
than	O
the	O
Four	B-Architecture
Thirds	I-Architecture
standard	O
and	O
is	O
30%	O
of	O
a	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
sensor	O
;	O
the	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
Coolpix	O
A	O
,	O
which	O
uses	O
an	O
APS-C	B-Algorithm
sensor	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
size	O
as	O
those	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
DX-format	O
DSLRs	B-Device
;	O
and	O
two	O
models	O
from	O
Sony	B-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
RX100	O
with	O
a	O
1″	O
-type	O
(	O
13.2	O
×	O
8.8mm	O
)	O
sensor	O
with	O
about	O
half	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
Four	B-Architecture
Thirds	I-Architecture
and	O
the	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
Sony	B-Algorithm
RX1	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
premium	O
compacts	O
are	O
often	O
comparable	O
to	O
entry-level	O
DSLRs	B-Device
in	O
price	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
smaller	O
size	O
and	O
weight	O
being	O
a	O
tradeoff	O
for	O
the	O
smaller	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
DSLRs	B-Device
,	O
most	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
lack	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
change	O
the	O
lens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instead	O
,	O
most	O
compact	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
are	O
manufactured	O
with	O
a	O
zoom	O
lens	O
that	O
covers	O
the	O
most	O
commonly	O
used	O
fields	O
of	O
view	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Manufacturers	O
have	O
attempted	O
(	O
with	O
increasing	O
success	O
)	O
to	O
overcome	O
this	O
disadvantage	O
by	O
offering	O
extreme	O
ranges	O
of	O
focal	O
length	O
on	O
models	O
known	O
as	O
superzooms	B-Device
,	O
some	O
of	O
which	O
offer	O
far	O
longer	O
focal	O
lengths	O
than	O
readily	O
available	O
DSLR	B-Device
lenses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
now	O
available	O
perspective-correcting	O
(	O
PC	O
)	O
lenses	O
for	O
DSLR	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
providing	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
attributes	O
of	O
view	O
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nikon	B-Algorithm
introduced	O
the	O
first	O
PC	O
lens	O
,	O
fully	O
manual	O
,	O
in	O
1961	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	O
Micro	B-Operating_System
Four	I-Operating_System
Thirds	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
by	O
Olympus	O
and	O
Panasonic	O
in	O
late	O
2008	O
,	O
mirrorless	B-Device
interchangeable	I-Device
lens	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
are	O
now	O
widely	O
available	O
so	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
change	O
lenses	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
unique	O
to	O
DSLRs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cameras	O
for	O
the	O
micro	B-Operating_System
four-thirds	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
are	O
designed	O
with	O
the	O
option	O
of	O
a	O
replaceable	O
lens	O
and	O
accept	O
lenses	O
that	O
conform	O
to	O
this	O
proprietary	O
specification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cameras	O
for	O
this	O
system	O
have	O
the	O
same	O
sensor	B-Algorithm
size	I-Algorithm
as	O
the	O
Four	B-Architecture
Thirds	I-Architecture
System	I-Architecture
but	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
mirror	O
and	O
pentaprism	O
,	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
distance	O
between	O
the	O
lens	O
and	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Panasonic	O
released	O
the	O
first	O
Micro	B-Operating_System
Four	I-Operating_System
Thirds	I-Operating_System
camera	O
,	O
the	O
Lumix	O
DMC-G1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
manufacturers	O
have	O
announced	O
lenses	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
Micro	B-Operating_System
Four	I-Operating_System
Thirds	I-Operating_System
mount	O
,	O
while	O
older	O
Four	B-Architecture
Thirds	I-Architecture
lenses	O
can	O
be	O
mounted	O
with	O
an	O
adapter	O
(	O
a	O
mechanical	O
spacer	O
with	O
front	O
and	O
rear	O
electrical	O
connectors	O
and	O
its	O
own	O
internal	O
firmware	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
similar	O
mirror-less	O
interchangeable	B-Algorithm
lens	I-Algorithm
camera	O
,	O
but	O
with	O
an	O
APS-C-sized	O
sensor	O
,	O
was	O
announced	O
in	O
January	O
2010	O
:	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Algorithm
NX10	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
21	O
September	O
2011	O
,	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
announced	O
with	O
the	O
Nikon	B-Algorithm
1	I-Algorithm
a	O
series	O
of	O
high-speed	O
MILCs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
handful	O
of	O
rangefinder	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
also	O
support	O
interchangeable	O
lenses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Six	O
digital	O
rangefinders	B-Algorithm
exist	O
the	O
Epson	B-Algorithm
R-D1	I-Algorithm
(	O
APS-C-sized	O
sensor	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
Leica	B-Algorithm
M8	I-Algorithm
(	O
APS-H-sized	O
sensor	O
)	O
,	O
both	O
smaller	O
than	O
35	O
mm	O
film	O
rangefinder	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
the	O
Leica	B-Algorithm
M9	I-Algorithm
,	O
M9-P	B-Algorithm
,	O
M	B-Algorithm
Monochrom	I-Algorithm
and	O
M	O
(	O
Typ	O
240	O
)	O
(	O
all	O
full-frame	B-Algorithm
cameras	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
Monochrom	O
shooting	O
exclusively	O
in	O
black-and-white	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
common	O
with	O
other	O
interchangeable	B-Algorithm
lens	I-Algorithm
designs	O
,	O
DSLRs	B-Device
must	O
contend	O
with	O
potential	O
contamination	O
of	O
the	O
sensor	O
by	O
dust	O
particles	O
when	O
the	O
lens	O
is	O
changed	O
(	O
though	O
recent	O
dust	O
reduction	O
systems	O
alleviate	O
this	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
with	O
fixed	O
lenses	O
are	O
not	O
usually	O
subject	O
to	O
dust	O
from	O
outside	O
the	O
camera	O
settling	O
on	O
the	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DSLRs	B-Device
generally	O
have	O
greater	O
cost	O
,	O
size	O
,	O
and	O
weight	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
also	O
have	O
louder	O
operation	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
SLR	B-Algorithm
mirror	O
mechanism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	B-Algorithm
's	O
fixed	O
mirror	O
design	O
manages	O
to	O
avoid	O
this	O
problem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
that	O
design	O
has	O
the	O
disadvantage	O
that	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
light	O
received	O
from	O
the	O
lens	O
is	O
diverted	O
by	O
the	O
mirror	O
and	O
thus	O
the	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
receives	O
about	O
30%	O
less	O
light	O
compared	O
with	O
other	O
DSLR	B-Device
designs	O
.	O
</s>
