<s>
A	O
digital	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
device	O
that	O
attaches	O
to	O
the	O
back	O
of	O
a	O
camera	O
in	O
place	O
of	O
the	O
traditional	O
negative	O
film	O
holder	O
and	O
contains	O
an	O
electronic	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
lets	O
cameras	O
that	O
were	O
designed	O
to	O
use	O
film	O
take	O
digital	B-Application
photographs	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
camera	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
are	O
generally	O
expensive	O
by	O
consumer	O
standards	O
(	O
US$	O
5,000	O
and	O
up	O
)	O
and	O
are	O
primarily	O
built	O
to	O
be	O
attached	O
on	O
medium	O
-	O
and	O
large-format	O
cameras	O
used	O
by	O
professional	O
photographers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Non-scanning	O
backs	O
have	O
a	O
sensor	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
used	O
in	O
most	O
other	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
,	O
a	O
square	O
or	O
rectangular	O
array	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scanning	O
backs	O
operate	O
more	O
like	O
an	O
image	B-Application
scanner	I-Application
for	O
paper	O
:	O
they	O
have	O
a	O
linear	O
array	O
of	O
sensors	O
that	O
is	O
moved	O
across	O
the	O
image	O
area	O
to	O
scan	O
the	O
image	O
one	O
row	O
of	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
at	O
a	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scanning	O
backs	O
are	O
primarily	O
used	O
in	O
large	O
format	O
view	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
commercial	O
digital	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
was	O
introduced	O
by	O
Leaf	O
(	O
now	O
part	O
of	O
Phase	O
One	O
)	O
in	O
1991	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Leaf	O
DCBI	O
(	O
Digital	B-Algorithm
Camera	I-Algorithm
Back	I-Algorithm
I	O
)	O
,	O
nicknamed	O
"	O
The	O
Brick	O
"	O
,	O
offered	O
resolution	O
of	O
4	O
megapixels	O
(	O
MP	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
2048×	O
2048	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
same	O
CCD	O
was	O
used	O
by	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
in	O
its	O
equivalent	O
sinarback	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
complete	O
camera	O
system	O
was	O
constructed	O
using	O
the	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
view	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
system	O
with	O
a	O
Sinarcam	O
1	O
shutter	O
system	O
which	O
provided	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
live	O
image	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
adapter	O
plate	O
was	O
made	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
backs	O
with	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Driver	O
software	O
generally	O
required	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
an	O
Apple	B-Device
Macintosh	I-Device
to	O
operate	O
the	O
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
used	O
custom	O
controller	O
cards	O
(	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
SCSI	B-Architecture
taxi	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
3-shot	O
backs	O
;	O
a	O
colored	O
filter	O
wheel	O
inside	O
the	O
back	O
rotated	O
to	O
take	O
red	O
,	O
green	O
,	O
and	O
blue	O
exposures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MegaVision	B-Device
in	O
1992	O
introduced	O
their	O
T2	O
back	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
similar	O
product	O
;	O
it	O
also	O
was	O
a	O
3-shot	O
unit	O
with	O
a	O
4MP	O
square	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MegaVision	B-Device
had	O
been	O
making	O
digital	B-Application
photography	I-Application
equipment	O
based	O
on	O
video	O
technology	O
since	O
1984	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
T2	O
had	O
live	O
video	O
preview	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Resolution	O
was	O
6MP	O
and	O
the	O
physical	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
CCD	O
was	O
full-frame	O
35mm	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
back	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
on	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
500-series	O
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
early	O
industry	O
entrants	O
included	O
Jenoptik	O
who	O
produced	O
products	O
in	O
cooperation	O
with	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
,	O
Dicomed	O
(	O
a	O
scanning	O
back	O
maker	O
which	O
closed	O
in	O
1999	O
)	O
,	O
Better	O
Light	O
(	O
the	O
most	O
prominent	O
scanning	O
back	O
maker	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Kigamo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2003	O
,	O
Leaf	O
had	O
an	O
11MP	O
model	O
,	O
the	O
Valeo	O
,	O
and	O
Jenoptik/Sinar	O
had	O
the	O
11MP	O
Sinarback	O
43	O
.	O
several	O
vendors	O
had	O
16MP	O
models	O
;	O
Kodak	O
produced	O
the	O
US$	O
15,000	O
16MP	O
Pro	O
Back	O
Plus	O
using	O
their	O
own	O
CCD	O
,	O
Imacon	O
made	O
the	O
ixpress	O
96	O
,	O
Phase	O
One	O
had	O
their	O
H20	O
and	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
continued	O
its	O
camera	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
development	O
from	O
the	O
22	O
,	O
23h	O
,	O
43h	O
and	O
issued	O
the	O
44H	O
which	O
when	O
mounted	O
on	O
a	O
macroscan	O
unit	O
delivered	O
an	O
image	O
of	O
over	O
1GB	O
in	O
size	O
with	O
live	O
image	O
focussing	O
using	O
the	O
Sinarcam	O
shutter	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2014	O
Phase	O
One	O
has	O
a	O
large	O
market	O
share	O
with	O
their	O
own	O
camera	O
manufacturing	O
and	O
the	O
IQ	O
series	O
digital	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
that	O
offer	O
80	O
,	O
60.5	O
and	O
40MP	O
resolution	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
first	O
decade	O
of	O
the	O
twenty-first	O
century	O
the	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
market	O
began	O
to	O
change	O
and	O
consolidate	O
quickly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
trend	O
was	O
the	O
displacement	O
of	O
medium-format	O
film	B-Application
cameras	I-Application
were	O
by	O
digital	B-Device
single-lens	I-Device
reflex	I-Device
cameras	I-Device
based	O
on	O
smaller	O
,	O
35mm	O
film	B-Application
cameras	I-Application
,	O
which	O
can	O
offer	O
high-quality	O
results	O
with	O
no	O
more	O
expense	O
than	O
medium-format	O
film	O
gear	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
all-digital	O
medium-format	O
cameras	O
which	O
do	O
not	O
need	O
separate	O
digital	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bronica	B-Algorithm
and	O
Contax	O
,	O
formerly	O
two	O
of	O
the	O
largest	O
medium-format	O
camera	O
makers	O
,	O
went	O
out	O
of	O
business	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fuji	O
ceased	O
production	O
of	O
their	O
680	O
medium-format	O
film	B-Application
cameras	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mamiya	O
crossed	O
the	O
product	O
line	O
divide	O
in	O
2004	O
,	O
announcing	O
a	O
medium-format	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
,	O
the	O
Mamiya	O
ZD	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
imaging	O
technology	O
used	O
in	O
this	O
camera	O
is	O
also	O
available	O
as	O
a	O
separate	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
ZD	O
Back	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
Mamiya	O
's	O
film	B-Application
cameras	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pentax	B-Application
,	O
for	O
whose	O
cameras	O
digital	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
are	O
not	O
available	O
,	O
sells	O
a	O
medium-format	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
trend	O
is	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
new	O
camera	O
systems	O
designed	O
to	O
tightly	O
integrate	O
with	O
digital	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
;	O
this	O
provides	O
users	O
with	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
use	O
film	O
,	O
but	O
is	O
easier	O
to	O
use	O
for	O
digital	O
work	O
than	O
a	O
film	B-Application
camera	I-Application
with	O
a	O
less-integrated	O
accessory	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Under	O
pressure	O
from	O
digital	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
manufacturers	O
,	O
long-established	O
medium-format	O
SLR	O
manufacturer	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
eventually	O
merged	O
with	O
back	O
maker	O
Imacon	O
under	O
the	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
post-merger	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
worked	O
with	O
Fuji	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
new	O
line	O
of	O
cameras	O
(	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
's	O
first	O
in	O
over	O
50	O
years	O
)	O
designed	O
to	O
closely	O
integrate	O
with	O
digital	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
,	O
particularly	O
the	O
former	O
Imacon	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
meant	O
that	O
Shriro	O
(	O
owner	O
of	O
Hasselblad/Imacon	B-Algorithm
)	O
and	O
Fuji	O
could	O
squeeze	O
out	O
other	O
back	O
makers	O
,	O
sending	O
those	O
manufacturers	O
(	O
and	O
the	O
remaining	O
medium-format	O
manufacturers	O
)	O
seeking	O
their	O
own	O
partnerships	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jenoptik	O
commissioned	O
Rollei	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
to	O
develop	O
their	O
own	O
tightly	O
integrated	O
platform	O
,	O
the	O
Hy6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
HY6	O
keeps	O
the	O
unique	O
facilities	O
of	O
the	O
rotating	O
camera	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
and	O
live	O
image	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
this	O
process	O
,	O
several	O
product	O
lines	O
of	O
digital	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
were	O
discontinued	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fuji	O
had	O
their	O
own	O
line	O
of	O
backs	O
,	O
but	O
certainly	O
only	O
one	O
product	O
line	O
will	O
be	O
produced	O
by	O
Fuji	O
and	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
together	O
leaving	O
the	O
Leica/Sinar	O
group	O
as	O
the	O
only	O
European	O
digital	O
medium-format	O
and	O
view	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
manufacturers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
early	O
digital	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
market	O
was	O
dominated	O
by	O
scanning	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
single-shot	O
,	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
it	O
is	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
manufacture	O
a	O
high-quality	O
linear	O
(	O
one-dimensional	O
)	O
CCD	O
array	O
that	O
has	O
only	O
a	O
few	O
thousand	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
than	O
a	O
two-dimensional	O
CCD	O
matrix	O
that	O
has	O
millions	O
,	O
very	O
high-resolution	O
scanning	O
CCD	O
camera	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
were	O
available	O
much	O
earlier	O
than	O
their	O
CCD	O
matrix	O
counterparts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
camera	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
with	O
a	O
7,000	O
-pixel	O
linear	O
resolution	O
—	O
capable	O
of	O
scanning	O
to	O
relatively	O
slowly	O
produce	O
pictures	O
of	O
about	O
40MP	O
—	O
were	O
available	O
in	O
the	O
mid-1990s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Early	O
digital	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
created	O
more	O
data	O
than	O
could	O
be	O
stored	O
on	O
the	O
relatively	O
small	O
storage	O
devices	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
built	O
into	O
them	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
connected	O
(	O
tethered	O
)	O
to	O
a	O
computer	O
during	O
capture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
,	O
one-shot	O
digital	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
can	O
work	O
at	O
all	O
shutter	O
speeds	O
even	O
on	O
motorized	O
medium-format	O
cameras	O
,	O
were	O
produced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
dedicated	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
suitable	O
for	O
advanced	O
use	O
are	O
available	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
advantages	O
in	O
being	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
film	B-Application
camera	I-Application
to	O
take	O
digital	B-Application
photographs	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
single	O
camera	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
both	O
film	O
and	O
digital	B-Application
photography	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cameras	O
with	O
features	O
not	O
available	O
on	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
view	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
)	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
make	O
digital	O
images	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
which	O
are	O
used	O
in	O
place	O
of	O
the	O
normal	O
film	O
back	O
are	O
available	O
for	O
most	O
medium	O
and	O
all	O
large-format	O
cameras	O
with	O
adaptors	O
which	O
can	O
allow	O
the	O
same	O
digital	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
to	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
several	O
different	O
cameras	O
,	O
allowing	O
a	O
photographer	O
to	O
choose	O
a	O
body/lens	O
combination	O
best	O
suited	O
for	O
each	O
application	O
rather	O
than	O
using	O
a	O
body/lens	O
system	O
which	O
represents	O
a	O
compromise	O
of	O
design	O
to	O
fit	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Exposures	O
longer	O
than	O
several	O
minutes	O
are	O
obscured	O
by	O
image	B-Algorithm
noise	I-Algorithm
when	O
captured	O
with	O
a	O
35mm	O
digital	B-Device
SLR	I-Device
,	O
but	O
exposures	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
about	O
an	O
hour	O
at	O
room	O
temperature	O
and	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
17	O
hours	O
in	O
extremely	O
cold	O
situations	O
can	O
remain	O
noise-free	O
on	O
a	O
digital	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
practice	O
a	O
30-second	O
exposure	O
on	O
a	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
75	O
evolution	O
with	O
a	O
built-in	O
fan-assisted	O
Peltier-cooled	O
CCD	O
represents	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
the	O
art	O
for	O
practical	O
purposes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resolution	O
of	O
digital	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
(	O
in	O
2017	O
,	O
up	O
to	O
101	O
megapixels	O
,	O
IQ3	O
100	O
)	O
is	O
higher	O
than	O
any	O
fixed	O
sensor	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
(	O
in	O
2017	O
,	O
up	O
to	O
51	O
megapixels	O
,	O
Hasselblad	B-Algorithm
X1D	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
and	O
captures	O
more	O
detail	O
per	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
due	O
to	O
the	O
omission	O
of	O
an	O
anti-aliasing	O
filter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
is	O
also	O
able	O
to	O
capture	O
more	O
dynamic	O
range	O
due	O
to	O
higher	O
quality	O
electronics	O
and	O
larger	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
pitch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
eXact	O
creates	O
images	O
in	O
excess	O
of	O
1	O
GB	O
in	O
multi-shot	O
mode	O
from	O
a	O
49	O
MB	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
alternative	O
ways	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
high-resolution	O
digital	O
image	O
without	O
a	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
a	O
high-resolution	O
digital	O
image	O
is	O
required	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
achieved	O
inexpensively	O
without	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
by	O
taking	O
a	O
large-format	O
photograph	O
on	O
film	O
and	O
scanning	O
the	O
result	O
;	O
for	O
best	O
results	O
a	O
high-quality	O
drum	O
scanner	O
is	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
much	O
larger	O
very	O
high	O
resolution	O
computer	B-Operating_System
file	I-Operating_System
than	O
is	O
feasible	O
with	O
a	O
single-shot	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
quality	O
is	O
high	O
,	O
though	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
argued	O
that	O
the	O
resolution	O
is	O
not	O
much	O
better	O
than	O
a	O
digitally	O
photographed	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
detailed	O
comparison	O
in	O
2006	O
by	O
a	O
professional	O
photographer	O
of	O
drum-scanned	O
10×	O
12.5cm	O
(	O
4×	O
5″	O
)	O
images	O
and	O
digital	O
39-megapixel	O
images	O
on	O
a	O
medium-format	O
camera	O
found	O
resolution	O
very	O
similar	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
scanned	B-Application
images	I-Application
slightly	O
better	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Color	O
accuracy	O
was	O
not	O
compared	O
as	O
digital	O
profiles	O
for	O
the	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
were	O
not	O
available	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
author	O
was	O
of	O
the	O
considered	O
opinion	O
that	O
the	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
would	O
ultimately	O
be	O
more	O
accurate	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
sustained	O
professional	O
use	O
the	O
apparent	O
cost	O
advantage	O
of	O
scanning	O
film	O
was	O
very	O
much	O
reduced	O
on	O
careful	O
analysis	O
;	O
including	O
expensive	O
10×	O
12.5cm	O
(	O
4×	O
5″	O
)	O
film	O
and	O
processing	O
and	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
drum	O
scanner	O
brought	O
the	O
projected	O
cost	O
over	O
three	O
years	O
to	O
about	O
80%	O
of	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
a	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
at	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
digital	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
also	O
had	O
the	O
advantage	O
that	O
the	O
incremental	O
cost	O
of	O
taking	O
huge	O
numbers	O
of	O
exposures	O
was	O
nil	O
,	O
while	O
each	O
10×	O
12.5cm	O
(	O
4×	O
5″	O
)	O
photograph	O
cost	O
over	O
US$3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
actual	O
flatbed	B-Application
image	I-Application
scanner	I-Application
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
camera	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
if	O
fast	O
operation	O
and	O
short	O
exposures	O
are	O
not	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
alternative	O
is	O
to	O
take	O
multiple	O
smaller	O
pictures	O
and	O
then	O
stitch	O
them	O
together	O
via	O
image	B-Algorithm
stitching	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
can	O
be	O
done	O
with	O
a	O
smaller	O
digital	B-Device
camera	I-Device
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
DSLR	B-Device
,	O
and	O
stitching	O
sliding	O
back	O
adapters	O
are	O
available	O
for	O
large-format	O
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
non-sliding	O
options	O
for	O
stitching	B-Algorithm
images	I-Algorithm
together	O
in	O
various	O
patterns	O
using	O
micro	O
stepping	O
of	O
the	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensor	I-Algorithm
and	O
taking	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
gap	O
between	O
active	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
areas	O
on	O
the	O
digital	O
sensors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
stitching	O
method	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
also	O
give	O
overlaid	O
red	O
green	O
and	O
blue	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
recording	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
increased	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2006	O
CCD	O
matrix	O
camera	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
of	O
39	O
megapixels	O
were	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
using	O
the	O
Kodak	O
CCD	O
and	O
33-megapixel	O
Dalsa	O
CCD	O
in	O
the	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
75	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
Leaf	O
Aptus	O
75	O
(	O
6726×	O
5040	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
,	O
with	O
7.2-micrometre-wide	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2008	O
several	O
camera	O
manufactures	O
were	O
developing	O
larger	O
camera	B-Algorithm
backs	I-Algorithm
based	O
on	O
the	O
Kodak	O
50-megapixel	O
CCD	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sinar	B-Algorithm
continued	O
their	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
step	O
and	O
repeat	O
system	O
of	O
extending	O
the	O
CCD	O
capabilities	O
(	O
macroscanning	O
)	O
with	O
the	O
arTec	O
camera	O
which	O
creates	O
a	O
panoramic	O
image	O
with	O
stitching	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
increased	O
resolution	O
,	O
larger	O
image	B-Algorithm
sensors	I-Algorithm
are	O
becoming	O
available	O
;	O
Kodak	O
has	O
produced	O
a	O
50-megapixel	O
CCD	O
which	O
is	O
49.1	O
×	O
36.85mm	O
(	O
1.93	O
×	O
1.45	O
″	O
)	O
,	O
approaching	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
a	O
frame	O
of	O
120	O
film	O
(	O
60×	O
45mm	O
)	O
and	O
is	O
twice	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
a	O
35	O
mm	O
frame	O
(	O
36×	O
24mm	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
over	O
seventy	O
times	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
the	O
typical	O
1/1.8	O
″	O
(	O
7.2	O
×	O
5.3mm	O
)	O
sensor	O
size	O
used	O
in	O
point-and-shoot	O
pocket	O
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
recent	O
innovations	O
are	O
built-in	O
LCD	O
viewing	O
screens	O
and	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
all	O
processing	O
within	O
the	O
camera	B-Algorithm
back	I-Algorithm
,	O
with	O
output	O
in	O
open	O
DNG	O
file	O
format	O
,	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
Sinar	B-Algorithm
65	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
resolution	O
is	O
20,000	O
×	O
20,000	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
(	O
400	O
megapixels	O
)	O
in	O
48-bit	O
color	O
depth	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
supplied	O
with	O
the	O
SilverFast	B-Operating_System
Archive	O
Suite	O
.	O
</s>
