<s>
Digital	B-General_Concept
Light	I-General_Concept
Processing	I-General_Concept
(	O
DLP	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
chipsets	O
based	O
on	O
optical	O
micro-electro-mechanical	B-General_Concept
technology	O
that	O
uses	O
a	O
digital	O
micromirror	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
DLP	O
imaging	O
device	O
was	O
invented	O
by	O
Texas	O
Instruments	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
DLP-based	O
projector	B-Application
was	O
introduced	O
by	O
Digital	O
Projection	O
Ltd	O
in	O
1997	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
Projection	O
and	O
Texas	O
Instruments	O
were	O
both	O
awarded	O
Emmy	O
Awards	O
in	O
1998	O
for	O
the	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projector	I-General_Concept
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DLP	O
technology	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
DLP	O
front	O
projectors	B-Application
(	O
standalone	O
projection	O
units	O
for	O
classrooms	O
and	O
business	O
primarily	O
)	O
,	O
DLP	O
rear	O
projection	O
television	O
sets	O
,	O
and	O
digital	O
signs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
image	O
is	O
created	O
by	O
microscopically	O
small	O
mirrors	O
laid	O
out	O
in	O
a	O
matrix	O
on	O
a	O
semiconductor	O
chip	O
,	O
known	O
as	O
a	O
Digital	O
Micromirror	O
Device	O
(	O
DMD	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
mirrors	O
are	O
so	O
small	O
that	O
DMD	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
pitch	O
may	O
be	O
5.4µm	O
or	O
less	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
mirror	O
represents	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
pixels	B-Algorithm
in	O
the	O
projected	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
800×600	O
,	O
1024×768	B-Device
,	O
1280×720	O
,	O
and	O
1920×1080	O
(	O
HDTV	B-Device
)	O
matrices	O
are	O
some	O
common	O
DMD	O
sizes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
two	O
primary	O
methods	O
by	O
which	O
DLP	O
projection	O
systems	O
create	O
a	O
color	O
image	O
:	O
those	O
used	O
by	O
single-chip	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
those	O
used	O
by	O
three-chip	O
projectors	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
third	O
method	O
,	O
sequential	O
illumination	O
by	O
three	O
colored	O
light	O
emitting	O
diodes	O
,	O
is	O
being	O
developed	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
currently	O
used	O
in	O
televisions	O
manufactured	O
by	O
Samsung	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
70px	O
70px	O
70px	O
70px	O
300px	O
Interior	O
view	O
of	O
a	O
single-chip	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projector	I-General_Concept
,	O
showing	O
the	O
light	O
path	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
projector	B-Application
with	O
a	O
single	O
DLP	O
chip	O
,	O
colors	O
are	O
produced	O
either	O
by	O
placing	O
a	O
color	O
wheel	O
between	O
a	O
white	O
lamp	O
and	O
the	O
DLP	O
chip	O
or	O
by	O
using	O
individual	O
light	O
sources	O
to	O
produce	O
the	O
primary	O
colors	O
,	O
LEDs	O
or	O
lasers	O
for	O
example	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
utilizing	O
a	O
mechanical	O
spinning	O
color	O
wheel	O
may	O
exhibit	O
an	O
anomaly	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
rainbow	O
effect	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
an	O
object	O
on	O
the	O
screen	O
moves	O
,	O
the	O
eye	O
follows	O
the	O
object	O
with	O
a	O
constant	O
motion	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
projector	B-Application
displays	O
each	O
alternating	O
color	O
of	O
the	O
frame	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
location	O
for	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
whole	O
frame	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multi-color	O
LED-based	O
and	O
laser-based	O
single-chip	O
projectors	B-Application
are	O
able	O
to	O
eliminate	O
the	O
spinning	O
wheel	O
and	O
minimize	O
the	O
rainbow	O
effect	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
pulse	O
rates	O
of	O
LEDs	O
and	O
lasers	O
are	O
not	O
limited	O
by	O
physical	O
motion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Three-chip	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
function	O
without	O
color	O
wheels	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
do	O
not	O
manifest	O
this	O
rainbow	O
artifact.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
three-chip	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projector	I-General_Concept
uses	O
a	O
prism	O
to	O
split	O
light	O
from	O
the	O
lamp	O
,	O
and	O
each	O
primary	O
color	O
of	O
light	O
is	O
then	O
routed	O
to	O
its	O
own	O
DMD	O
chip	O
,	O
then	O
recombined	O
and	O
routed	O
out	O
through	O
the	O
lens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Three	O
chip	O
systems	O
are	O
found	O
in	O
higher-end	O
home	O
theater	O
projectors	B-Application
,	O
large	O
venue	O
projectors	B-Application
and	O
DLP	O
Cinema	O
projection	O
systems	O
found	O
in	O
digital	O
movie	O
theaters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
DLP.com,	O
the	O
three-chip	O
projectors	B-Application
used	O
in	O
movie	O
theaters	O
can	O
produce	O
35	O
trillion	O
colors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
this	O
high	O
color	O
precision	O
does	O
not	O
mean	O
that	O
three-chip	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
are	O
capable	O
of	O
displaying	O
the	O
entire	O
gamut	O
of	O
colors	O
we	O
can	O
distinguish	O
(	O
this	O
is	O
fundamentally	O
impossible	O
with	O
any	O
system	O
composing	O
colors	O
by	O
adding	O
three	O
constant	O
base	O
colors	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
contrast	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
one-chip	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
that	O
have	O
the	O
advantage	O
of	O
allowing	O
any	O
number	O
of	O
primary	O
colors	O
in	O
a	O
sufficiently	O
fast	O
color	O
filter	O
wheel	O
,	O
and	O
so	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
improved	O
color	O
gamuts	O
is	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Historically	O
,	O
the	O
main	O
light	O
source	O
used	O
on	O
DLP	O
display	O
systems	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
replaceable	O
high-pressure	O
xenon	O
arc	O
lamp	O
unit	O
(	O
containing	O
a	O
quartz	O
arc	O
tube	O
,	O
reflector	O
,	O
electrical	O
connections	O
,	O
and	O
sometimes	O
a	O
quartz/glass	O
shield	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
most	O
pico	O
category	O
(	O
ultra-small	O
)	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
use	O
high-power	O
LEDs	O
or	O
lasers	O
as	O
a	O
source	O
of	O
illumination	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2021	O
a	O
laser	O
light	O
source	O
has	O
become	O
very	O
common	O
on	O
many	O
professional	O
projectors	B-Application
,	O
for	O
example	O
the	O
Panasonic	O
PT-RZ990	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Secondary	O
protections	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
temperature	O
monitor	O
may	O
shut	O
down	O
the	O
projector	B-Application
,	O
but	O
a	O
thermally	O
over-stressed	O
quartz	O
arc	O
tube	O
can	O
also	O
crack	O
or	O
explode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
commercially	O
available	O
LED-based	O
DLP	O
HDTV	B-Device
was	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Application
HL-S5679W	O
in	O
2006	O
,	O
which	O
also	O
eliminated	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
color	O
wheel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Samsung	B-Application
expanded	O
the	O
LED	O
model	O
line-up	O
in	O
2007	O
with	O
products	O
available	O
in	O
50-	O
,	O
56	O
-	O
and	O
61-inch	O
screen	O
sizes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
the	O
third	O
generation	O
of	O
Samsung	B-Application
LED	O
DLP	O
products	O
were	O
available	O
in	O
61	O
-	O
(	O
HL61A750	O
)	O
and	O
67-inch	O
(	O
HL67A750	O
)	O
screen	O
sizes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
special	O
patented	O
LEDs	O
used	O
in	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Samsung	B-Application
DLP	B-General_Concept
TVs	I-General_Concept
are	O
PhlatLight	O
LEDs	O
,	O
designed	O
and	O
manufactured	O
by	O
US-based	O
Luminus	O
Devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PhlatLight	O
LEDs	O
are	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
a	O
new	O
class	O
of	O
ultra-compact	O
DLP	O
front	O
projector	B-Application
commonly	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
pocket	B-General_Concept
projector	I-General_Concept
"	O
and	O
have	O
been	O
introduced	O
in	O
new	O
models	O
from	O
LG	O
Electronics	O
(	O
HS101	O
)	O
,	O
Samsung	B-Application
electronics	O
(	O
SP-P400	O
)	O
and	O
Casio	O
(	O
XJ-A	O
series	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Home	O
Theater	O
projectors	B-Application
will	O
be	O
the	O
next	O
category	O
of	O
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
that	O
will	O
use	O
PhlatLight	O
LED	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
InfoComm	O
,	O
June	O
2008	O
Luminus	O
and	O
TI	O
announced	O
their	O
collaboration	O
on	O
using	O
their	O
technology	O
on	O
home	O
theater	O
and	O
business	O
projectors	B-Application
and	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
prototype	O
PhlatLight	O
LED-based	O
DLP	O
home	O
theater	O
front	O
projector	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Luminus	O
Devices	O
PhlatLight	O
LEDs	O
have	O
also	O
been	O
used	O
by	O
Christie	O
Digital	O
in	O
their	O
DLP-based	O
MicroTiles	B-General_Concept
display	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
commercially	O
available	O
laser-based	O
DLP	O
HDTV	B-Device
was	O
the	O
Mitsubishi	O
L65-A90	O
LaserVue	O
in	O
2008	O
,	O
which	O
also	O
eliminated	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
color	O
wheel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
See	O
the	O
laser	B-General_Concept
video	I-General_Concept
display	I-General_Concept
article	O
for	O
more	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
1999	O
,	O
Star	B-Application
Wars	I-Application
:	I-Application
Episode	I-Application
I	I-Application
–	I-Application
The	I-Application
Phantom	I-Application
Menace	I-Application
was	O
the	O
first	O
movie	O
to	O
be	O
entirely	O
scanned	O
and	O
distributed	O
to	O
theaters	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Four	O
theaters	O
installed	O
digital	O
projectors	B-Application
for	O
the	O
movie	O
's	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Later	O
that	O
year	O
,	O
Toy	B-Application
Story	I-Application
2	I-Application
was	O
the	O
first	O
movie	O
to	O
be	O
entirely	O
created	O
,	O
edited	O
,	O
and	O
distributed	O
digitally	O
,	O
with	O
more	O
theaters	O
installing	O
digital	O
projectors	B-Application
for	O
its	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DLP	O
Cinema	O
does	O
not	O
manufacture	O
the	O
end	O
projectors	B-Application
,	O
but	O
rather	O
provides	O
the	O
projection	O
technology	O
and	O
works	O
closely	O
with	O
Barco	O
,	O
Christie	O
Digital	O
and	O
NEC	O
who	O
make	O
the	O
end	O
projection	O
units	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
are	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
RealD	B-Algorithm
Cinema	I-Algorithm
and	O
newer	O
IMAX	O
theatres	O
for	O
3-D	B-Algorithm
films	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
light	O
source	O
is	O
more-easily	O
replaceable	O
than	O
the	O
backlights	O
used	O
with	O
LCDs	B-Device
,	O
and	O
on	O
DLPs	O
is	O
often	O
user-replaceable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lighter	O
weight	O
than	O
LCD	B-Device
and	O
plasma	O
televisions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
their	O
LCD	B-Device
and	O
plasma	O
counterparts	O
,	O
DLP	O
screens	O
do	O
not	O
rely	O
on	O
fluids	O
as	O
their	O
projection	O
medium	O
and	O
are	O
therefore	O
not	O
limited	O
in	O
size	O
by	O
their	O
inherent	O
mirror	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
making	O
them	O
ideal	O
for	O
increasingly	O
larger	O
high-definition	O
theater	O
and	O
venue	O
screens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DLP	B-General_Concept
projectors	I-General_Concept
can	O
process	O
up	O
to	O
seven	O
separate	O
colors	O
,	O
giving	O
them	O
a	O
wider	O
color	O
gamut	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
drive	O
system	O
can	O
be	O
engineered	O
to	O
be	O
silent	O
and	O
some	O
projectors	B-Application
do	O
n't	O
produce	O
any	O
audible	O
color	O
wheel	O
noise	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Response	B-Application
time	I-Application
in	I-Application
video	I-Application
games	I-Application
may	O
be	O
affected	O
by	O
upscaling	O
lag	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
all	O
HDTVs	B-Device
have	O
some	O
lag	O
when	O
upscaling	O
lower	O
resolution	O
input	O
to	O
their	O
native	O
resolution	O
,	O
DLPs	O
are	O
commonly	O
reported	O
to	O
have	O
longer	O
delays	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
similar	O
competing	O
system	O
to	O
DLP	O
is	O
known	O
as	O
LCoS	B-Device
(	O
liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
on	I-Device
silicon	I-Device
)	O
,	O
which	O
creates	O
images	O
using	O
a	O
stationary	O
mirror	O
mounted	O
on	O
the	O
surface	O
of	O
a	O
chip	O
,	O
and	O
uses	O
a	O
liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
matrix	O
(	O
similar	O
to	O
a	O
liquid	B-Device
crystal	I-Device
display	I-Device
)	O
to	O
control	O
how	O
much	O
light	O
is	O
reflected	O
.	O
</s>
