<s>
Machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
can	O
use	O
a	O
method	O
based	O
on	O
dictionary	B-Operating_System
entries	O
,	O
which	O
means	O
that	O
the	O
words	O
will	O
be	O
translated	O
as	O
a	O
dictionary	B-Operating_System
does	O
–	O
word	O
by	O
word	O
,	O
usually	O
without	O
much	O
correlation	O
of	O
meaning	O
between	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dictionary	B-Operating_System
lookups	O
may	O
be	O
done	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
or	O
lemmatisation	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
this	O
approach	O
to	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
is	O
probably	O
the	O
least	O
sophisticated	O
,	O
dictionary-based	B-General_Concept
machine	I-General_Concept
translation	I-General_Concept
is	O
ideally	O
suitable	O
for	O
the	O
translation	O
of	O
long	O
lists	O
of	O
phrases	O
on	O
the	O
subsentential	O
(	O
i.e.	O
,	O
not	O
a	O
full	O
sentence	O
)	O
level	O
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example-based	B-General_Concept
machine	I-General_Concept
translation	I-General_Concept
system	O
is	O
supplied	O
with	O
only	O
a	O
"	O
sentence-aligned	O
bilingual	O
corpus	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
dictionary	B-Operating_System
"	O
which	O
is	O
used	O
for	O
further	O
translation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
different	O
way	O
of	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
than	O
Dictionary-Based	B-General_Concept
Machine	I-General_Concept
Translation	I-General_Concept
,	O
</s>
<s>
translation	B-Application
engines	I-Application
would	O
generate	O
a	O
very	O
powerful	O
translation	O
tool	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
Machine	B-Application
Translation	I-Application
engine	O
(	O
PanEBMT	O
)	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
engine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
and	O
translation	B-Application
engines	I-Application
as	O
a	O
whole	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
possible	O
uses	O
of	O
Dictionary-Based	B-General_Concept
Machine	I-General_Concept
Translation	I-General_Concept
is	O
facilitating	O
"	O
Foreign	O
Language	O
Tutoring	O
"	O
(	O
FLT	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
can	O
be	O
achieved	O
by	O
using	O
Machine-Translation	O
technology	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
linguistics	O
,	O
semantics	O
and	O
morphology	O
to	O
produce	O
"	O
Large-Scale	O
Dictionaries	B-Operating_System
"	O
in	O
virtually	O
any	O
given	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Development	O
in	O
lexical	O
semantics	O
and	O
computational	O
linguistics	O
during	O
the	O
time	O
period	O
between	O
1990	O
and	O
1996	O
made	O
it	O
possible	O
for	O
"	O
natural	O
language	O
processing	O
"	O
(	O
NLP	O
)	O
to	O
flourish	O
,	O
gaining	O
new	O
capabilities	O
,	O
nevertheless	O
benefiting	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
in	O
general	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dictionary-Based	B-General_Concept
Machine	I-General_Concept
Translation	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Machine	B-Application
Translation	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
languages	O
and	O
mechanical	O
dictionaries	B-Operating_System
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
7	O
January	O
1954	O
a	O
Machine	B-Application
Translation	I-Application
convention	O
in	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
sponsored	O
by	O
IBM	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
therefore	O
stimulated	O
large-scale	O
funding	O
in	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
research	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Translation	O
Accuracy	O
–	O
the	O
correctness	O
of	O
any	O
machine	B-Application
translation	I-Application
,	O
is	O
dependent	O
on	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
translated	O
text	O
,	O
thus	O
short	O
texts	O
or	O
words	O
may	O
suffer	O
from	O
a	O
bigger	O
degree	O
of	O
semantic	O
errors	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
lexical	O
ambiguities	O
,	O
whereas	O
a	O
larger	O
text	O
may	O
provide	O
context	O
,	O
which	O
helps	O
at	O
disambiguation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
this	O
points	O
prove	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
Dictionary-Based	B-General_Concept
machine	I-General_Concept
translation	I-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
most	O
efficient	O
and	O
reliable	O
form	O
of	O
translation	O
when	O
working	O
with	O
TLIR	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
because	O
the	O
process	O
"	O
looks	O
up	O
each	O
query	O
term	O
in	O
a	O
general-purpose	O
bilingual	O
dictionary	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
uses	O
all	O
its	O
possible	O
translations.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
facilitates	O
dictionary	B-Operating_System
based	O
translation	O
of	O
queries	O
.	O
</s>
