<s>
A	O
departmental	B-Operating_System
boot	I-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
boot	B-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
for	O
any	O
computer	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
enhanced	O
by	O
adding	O
some	O
applications	O
and	O
passwords	O
specific	O
to	O
a	O
task	O
or	O
group	O
or	O
department	O
in	O
an	O
organization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
has	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
advantages	O
of	O
a	O
thin	B-Device
client	I-Device
strategy	O
,	O
but	O
can	O
be	O
done	O
on	O
any	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
base	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
the	O
boot	O
device	O
is	O
large	O
enough	O
to	O
accommodate	O
the	O
boot	O
and	O
applications	O
together	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
typical	O
departmental	O
Windows	O
XP	O
boot	B-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
is	O
usually	O
so	O
large	O
that	O
it	O
requires	O
a	O
DVD	O
to	O
store	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
too	O
large	O
for	O
network	B-Device
booting	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Accordingly	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
usually	O
installed	O
on	O
a	O
fixed	O
or	O
removable	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
kept	O
inside	O
the	O
machine	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
installed	O
over	O
a	O
network	O
or	O
from	O
a	O
ROM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
some	O
boot	B-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
control	I-Operating_System
complexity	O
and	O
total	O
cost	O
of	O
operations	O
advantages	O
to	O
using	O
a	O
departmental	B-Operating_System
boot	I-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
instead	O
of	O
a	O
common	O
boot	B-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
for	O
the	O
entire	O
organization	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
thin	B-Device
client	I-Device
:	O
</s>
<s>
Disadvantages	O
include	O
the	O
complexity	O
of	O
creating	O
and	O
managing	O
several	O
large	O
boot	B-Operating_System
images	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
determining	O
when	O
a	O
department	O
needs	O
to	O
upgrade	O
its	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
each	O
user	O
is	O
allowed	O
to	O
do	O
this	O
on	O
their	O
own	O
,	O
then	O
,	O
the	O
discipline	O
soon	O
degrades	O
and	O
the	O
shop	O
will	O
be	O
no	O
easier	O
to	O
manage	O
than	O
one	O
that	O
consists	O
of	O
one-off	O
computers	O
with	O
their	O
own	O
quirks	O
,	O
frequently	O
requiring	O
re-imaging	B-Operating_System
and	O
whose	O
issues	O
are	O
not	O
really	O
diagnosable	O
nor	O
comparable	O
to	O
each	O
other	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
experts	O
believe	O
that	O
any	O
departmental	B-Operating_System
boot	I-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
regime	O
degrades	O
rather	O
quickly	O
to	O
this	O
state	O
without	O
extraordinary	O
discipline	O
and	O
controls	O
,	O
and	O
advocate	O
thin	B-Device
clients	I-Device
to	O
ensure	O
such	O
control	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
however	O
increasingly	O
possible	O
to	O
restrict	O
users	O
from	O
installing	O
"	O
their	O
own	O
"	O
applications	O
on	O
a	O
standard	O
boot	B-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
to	O
automatically	O
re-install	B-Operating_System
when	O
a	O
variant	O
boot	B-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
is	O
detected	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
this	O
would	O
be	O
draconian	O
in	O
a	O
large	O
organization	O
with	O
one	O
boot	B-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
it	O
is	O
often	O
quite	O
acceptable	O
when	O
the	O
boot	B-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
is	O
maintained	O
at	O
a	O
departmental	O
level	O
and	O
users	O
can	O
request	O
that	O
it	O
be	O
upgraded	O
with	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
bureaucracy	O
and	O
waiting	O
.	O
</s>
