<s>
defaults	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
command	B-Application
line	I-Application
utility	O
that	O
manipulates	O
plist	B-Application
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Introduced	O
in	O
1998	O
OPENSTEP	B-Operating_System
,	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
is	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
system	O
's	O
descendants	O
macOS	B-Application
and	O
GNUstep	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
"	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
"	O
derives	O
from	O
OpenStep	B-Operating_System
's	O
name	O
for	O
user	B-General_Concept
preferences	I-General_Concept
,	O
Defaults	B-General_Concept
,	O
or	O
NSUserDefaults	O
in	O
Foundation	B-Operating_System
Kit	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
application	O
had	O
its	O
own	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
plist	B-Application
(	O
"	O
domain	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
under	O
for	O
the	O
user	O
configuration	O
and	O
for	O
the	O
system	O
configuration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
lookup	O
system	O
also	O
supports	O
a	O
,	O
where	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
written	O
there	O
will	O
be	O
seen	O
by	O
all	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
macOS	B-Application
,	O
the	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
path	O
is	O
replaced	O
by	O
the	O
more	O
intuitive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
defaults	B-General_Concept
accesses	O
the	O
plists	B-Application
based	O
on	O
the	O
domain	O
given	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
defaults	B-General_Concept
is	O
also	O
able	O
to	O
read	O
and	O
write	O
any	O
plist	B-Application
specified	O
with	O
a	O
path	O
,	O
although	O
Apple	O
plans	O
to	O
phase	O
out	O
this	O
utility	O
in	O
a	O
future	O
version	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Common	O
uses	O
of	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
:	O
</s>
<s>
DOMAIN	O
should	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
the	O
plist	B-Application
file	O
name	O
sans	O
extension	O
( 	O
 '	O
.plist	B-Application
'	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
plist	B-Application
files	O
are	O
named	O
with	O
reverse	B-Protocol
domain	I-Protocol
name	I-Protocol
notation	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
plist	B-Application
files	O
store	O
keys	O
and	O
values	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
to	O
remove	O
the	O
search	O
field	O
from	O
Safari	B-Application
's	O
address	O
bar	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
$	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
write	O
com.apple.Safari	O
AddressBarIncludesGoogle	O
-bool	O
NO	O
#	O
case-sensitive	O
!	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
reset	O
Address	O
Book	O
's	O
preferences	O
,	O
either	O
the	O
file	O
~	B-Application
/Library/Preferences/com.apple.AddressBook.plist	O
must	O
be	O
removed	O
or	O
the	O
following	O
command	O
issued	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
defaults	B-General_Concept
prints	O
values	O
in	O
the	O
OpenStep	B-Operating_System
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
allows	O
the	O
VALUE	O
to	O
be	O
arrays	O
and	O
dicts	O
,	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
they	O
conform	O
to	O
old-style	O
plist	B-Application
syntax	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
example	O
settings	O
configurable	B-General_Concept
with	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
under	O
macOS	B-Application
:	O
</s>
<s>
+	O
Globally-available	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
(	O
works	O
in	O
or	O
application	O
settings	O
)	O
Key	O
OSX	O
Version	O
Legal	O
Values	O
Default	O
Value	O
AppleAquaColorVariant	O
10.8	O
1	O
,	O
6	O
1	O
AppleHighlightColor	O
10.8	O
RGB	O
,	O
3	O
floats	O
range	O
0-1.0	O
"	O
0.780400	O
0.815700	O
0.858800	O
"	O
AppleShowScrollBars	O
10.8	O
Automatic	O
,	O
WhenScrolling	O
,	O
Always	O
Automatic	O
NSQuitAlwaysKeepsWindows	O
10.8	O
bool	O
false	O
NSAutomaticWindowAnimationsEnabled	O
10.8	O
bool	O
true	O
NSNavPanelExpandedStateForSaveMode	O
10.8	O
bool	O
false	O
NSWindowResizeTime	O
10.8	O
float:time	O
in	O
seconds	O
.2	O
CGFontDefaultAllowsFontSmoothing	O
10.14	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
SS64	O
documents	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
other	O
keys	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
changed	O
for	O
each	O
software	O
(	O
not	O
the	O
global	O
domain	O
)	O
in	O
macOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
sites	O
also	O
document	O
settings	O
to	O
be	O
changed	O
using	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
does	O
not	O
publish	O
a	O
complete	O
list	O
of	O
these	O
"	O
secret	O
knobs	O
"	O
,	O
but	O
their	O
support	O
site	O
does	O
occasionally	O
provide	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
commands	O
for	O
user	O
to	O
change	O
a	O
certain	O
setting	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
.DS_Store	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNUstep	B-Application
documents	O
its	O
defaults	B-General_Concept
more	O
clearly	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
such	O
thing	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
hidden	O
settings	O
"	O
community	O
like	O
there	O
is	O
for	O
macOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
