<s>
A	O
deep-cycle	B-Algorithm
battery	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
battery	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
regularly	O
deeply	O
discharged	O
using	O
most	O
of	O
its	O
capacity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
is	O
traditionally	O
mainly	O
used	O
for	O
lead	B-Device
–	I-Device
acid	I-Device
batteries	I-Device
in	O
the	O
same	O
form	O
factor	O
as	O
automotive	B-Algorithm
batteries	I-Algorithm
;	O
and	O
contrasted	O
with	O
starter	O
or	O
'	O
cranking	O
 '	O
automotive	B-Algorithm
batteries	I-Algorithm
designed	O
to	O
deliver	O
only	O
a	O
small	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
capacity	O
in	O
a	O
short	O
,	O
high-current	O
burst	O
for	O
cranking	O
the	O
engine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
lead-acid	B-Device
deep-cycle	B-Algorithm
batteries	I-Algorithm
there	O
is	O
an	O
inverse	O
correlation	O
between	O
the	O
depth	B-Algorithm
of	I-Algorithm
discharge	I-Algorithm
(	O
DOD	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
battery	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
charge	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
discharge	I-Algorithm
cycles	I-Algorithm
it	O
can	O
perform	O
;	O
with	O
an	O
average	O
"	O
depth	B-Algorithm
of	I-Algorithm
discharge	I-Algorithm
"	O
of	O
around	O
50%	O
suggested	O
as	O
the	O
best	O
for	O
storage	O
vs	O
cost	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Newer	O
technologies	O
than	O
the	O
traditional	O
lead-acid	B-Device
(	O
such	O
as	O
lithium-ion	O
batteries	O
)	O
are	O
becoming	O
commonplace	O
in	O
smaller	O
sizes	O
in	O
uses	O
such	O
as	O
smartphones	O
and	O
laptops	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
new	O
technologies	O
are	O
also	O
beginning	O
to	O
become	O
common	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
form	O
factor	O
as	O
the	O
automotive	O
lead-acid	B-Device
batteries	I-Device
,	O
although	O
at	O
a	O
large	O
price	O
premium	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
structural	O
difference	O
between	O
deep-cycle	B-Algorithm
and	O
cranking	O
lead-acid	B-Device
batteries	I-Device
is	O
in	O
the	O
lead	B-Device
battery	I-Device
plates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Deep	B-Algorithm
cycle	I-Algorithm
battery	I-Algorithm
plates	O
have	O
thicker	O
active	O
plates	O
,	O
with	O
higher-density	O
active	O
paste	O
material	O
and	O
thicker	O
separators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alloys	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
plates	O
in	O
a	O
deep	B-Algorithm
cycle	I-Algorithm
battery	I-Algorithm
may	O
contain	O
more	O
antimony	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
starting	O
batteries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
thicker	O
battery	O
plates	O
resist	O
corrosion	O
through	O
extended	O
charge	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
discharge	I-Algorithm
cycles	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Deep-cycle	B-Algorithm
lead-acid	B-Device
batteries	I-Device
generally	O
fall	O
into	O
two	O
distinct	O
categories	O
;	O
flooded	O
(	O
FLA	O
)	O
and	O
valve-regulated	O
lead-acid	B-Device
(	O
VRLA	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
VRLA	O
type	O
further	O
subdivided	O
into	O
two	O
types	O
,	O
Absorbed	O
Glass	O
Mat	O
(	O
AGM	O
)	O
and	O
Gel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
,	O
flooded	O
deep-cycle	B-Algorithm
batteries	I-Algorithm
can	O
be	O
divided	O
into	O
subcategories	O
of	O
Tubular-plated	O
Opzs	B-Algorithm
or	O
flat	O
plated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
difference	O
generally	O
affects	O
the	O
cycle	B-Algorithm
life	I-Algorithm
and	O
performance	O
of	O
the	O
cell	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Major	O
modes	O
of	O
failure	O
of	O
deep-cycle	B-Algorithm
batteries	I-Algorithm
are	O
loss	O
of	O
the	O
active	O
material	O
due	O
to	O
shedding	O
of	O
the	O
plates	O
,	O
and	O
corrosion	O
of	O
the	O
internal	O
grid	O
that	O
supports	O
active	O
material	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
capacity	O
of	O
a	O
deep	B-Algorithm
cycle	I-Algorithm
battery	I-Algorithm
is	O
usually	O
limited	O
by	O
electrolyte	O
capacity	O
and	O
not	O
by	O
the	O
plate	O
mass	O
,	O
to	O
improve	O
life	O
expectancy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
still	O
much	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
traditional	O
lead-acid	B-Device
,	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
rechargeable	B-Architecture
battery	I-Architecture
technologies	O
such	O
as	O
lithium-ion	O
are	O
increasingly	O
attractive	O
for	O
many	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
the	O
Battery	O
Council	O
International	O
(	O
"	O
BCI	O
"	O
)	O
--	O
a	O
lead-acid	B-Device
battery	I-Device
industry	O
trade	O
group	O
--	O
the	O
vast	O
majority	O
of	O
deep	B-Algorithm
cycle	I-Algorithm
batteries	I-Algorithm
on	O
the	O
market	O
today	O
are	O
lead	B-Device
acid	I-Device
batteries	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
BCI	O
says	O
lead	B-Device
acid	I-Device
batteries	I-Device
are	O
recycled	O
98%	O
by	O
volume	O
,	O
99.5	O
%	O
by	O
weight	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BCI	O
says	O
that	O
,	O
industry	O
wide	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
greater	O
than	O
98%	O
rate	O
of	O
recovery	O
on	O
all	O
lead	B-Device
acid	I-Device
batteries	I-Device
sold	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
virtually	O
closed	O
manufacturing	O
cycle	O
.	O
</s>
