<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
is	O
an	O
approach	O
to	O
data	O
management	O
that	O
allows	O
an	O
application	O
to	O
retrieve	O
and	O
manipulate	O
data	O
without	O
requiring	O
technical	O
details	O
about	O
the	O
data	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
how	O
it	O
is	O
formatted	O
at	O
source	O
,	O
or	O
where	O
it	O
is	O
physically	O
located	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
provide	O
a	O
single	O
customer	O
view	O
(	O
or	O
single	O
view	O
of	O
any	O
other	O
entity	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
overall	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
reduces	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
data	O
errors	O
,	O
of	O
the	O
workload	O
moving	O
data	O
around	O
that	O
may	O
never	O
be	O
used	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
attempt	O
to	O
impose	O
a	O
single	O
data	O
model	O
on	O
the	O
data	O
(	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
heterogeneous	O
data	O
is	O
a	O
federated	B-General_Concept
database	I-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
concept	O
and	O
software	O
is	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
integration	I-General_Concept
and	O
is	O
commonly	O
used	O
within	O
business	B-General_Concept
intelligence	I-General_Concept
,	O
service-oriented	O
architecture	O
data	O
services	O
,	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
,	O
enterprise	B-Application
search	I-Application
,	O
and	O
master	B-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
defining	O
feature	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
is	O
that	O
the	O
data	O
used	O
remains	O
in	O
its	O
original	O
locations	O
and	O
real-time	O
access	O
is	O
established	O
to	O
allow	O
analytics	O
across	O
multiple	O
sources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
creates	O
new	O
possibilities	O
for	O
data	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
with	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
connection	O
to	O
all	O
necessary	O
data	O
sources	O
must	O
be	O
operational	O
as	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
local	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
drawbacks	O
of	O
the	O
approach	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Moreover	O
,	O
because	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
solutions	O
may	O
use	O
large	O
numbers	O
of	O
network	O
connections	O
to	O
read	O
the	O
original	O
data	O
and	O
server	O
virtualised	O
tables	O
to	O
other	O
solutions	O
over	O
the	O
network	O
,	O
system	O
security	O
requires	O
more	O
consideration	O
than	O
it	O
does	O
with	O
traditional	O
data	B-General_Concept
lakes	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
conventional	O
data	B-General_Concept
lake	I-General_Concept
system	O
,	O
data	O
can	O
be	O
imported	O
into	O
the	O
lake	O
by	O
following	O
specific	O
procedures	O
in	O
a	O
single	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Regardless	O
of	O
the	O
chosen	O
data	B-General_Concept
integration	I-General_Concept
method	O
,	O
all	O
results	O
based	O
on	O
personal	O
level	O
data	O
should	O
be	O
protected	O
with	O
the	O
appropriate	O
privacy	O
requirements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
enterprise	O
landscapes	O
are	O
filled	O
with	O
disparate	O
data	O
sources	O
including	O
multiple	O
data	O
warehouses	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
marts	I-General_Concept
,	O
and/or	O
data	B-General_Concept
lakes	I-General_Concept
,	O
even	O
though	O
a	O
Data	O
Warehouse	O
,	O
if	O
implemented	O
correctly	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
unique	O
and	O
a	O
single	B-Application
source	I-Application
of	I-Application
truth	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
can	O
efficiently	O
bridge	O
data	O
across	O
data	O
warehouses	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
marts	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
data	B-General_Concept
lakes	I-General_Concept
without	O
having	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
whole	O
new	O
integrated	O
physical	O
data	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Existing	O
data	O
infrastructure	O
can	O
continue	O
performing	O
their	O
core	O
functions	O
while	O
the	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
layer	O
just	O
leverages	O
the	O
data	O
from	O
those	O
sources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
aspect	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
makes	O
it	O
complementary	O
to	O
all	O
existing	O
data	O
sources	O
and	O
increases	O
the	O
availability	O
and	O
usage	O
of	O
enterprise	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
may	O
also	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
ETL	O
and	O
data	O
warehousing	O
but	O
for	O
performance	O
considerations	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
really	O
recommended	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
large	O
data	O
warehouse	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
is	O
inherently	O
aimed	O
at	O
producing	O
quick	O
and	O
timely	O
insights	O
from	O
multiple	O
sources	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
embark	O
on	O
a	O
major	O
data	O
project	O
with	O
extensive	O
ETL	O
and	O
data	O
storage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
may	O
be	O
extended	O
and	O
adapted	O
to	O
serve	O
data	O
warehousing	O
requirements	O
also	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
will	O
require	O
an	O
understanding	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
storage	O
and	O
history	O
requirements	O
along	O
with	O
planning	O
and	O
design	O
to	O
incorporate	O
the	O
right	O
type	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
,	O
integration	O
,	O
and	O
storage	O
strategies	O
,	O
and	O
infrastructure/performance	O
optimizations	O
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
streaming	O
,	O
in-memory	O
,	O
hybrid	O
storage	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Phone	O
House	O
—	O
the	O
trading	O
name	O
for	O
the	O
European	O
operations	O
of	O
UK-based	O
mobile	O
phone	O
retail	O
chain	O
Carphone	O
Warehouse	O
—	O
implemented	O
Denodo	O
’s	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
technology	O
between	O
its	O
Spanish	O
subsidiary	O
’s	O
transactional	O
systems	O
and	O
the	O
Web-based	O
systems	O
of	O
mobile	O
operators	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Novartis	O
implemented	O
TIBCO	O
's	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
tool	O
to	O
enable	O
its	O
researchers	O
to	O
quickly	O
combine	O
data	O
from	O
both	O
internal	O
and	O
external	O
sources	O
into	O
a	O
searchable	O
virtual	O
data	O
store	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
storage-agnostic	O
Primary	O
Data	O
(	O
defunct	O
,	O
reincarnated	O
as	O
Hammerspace	O
)	O
was	O
a	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
platform	O
that	O
enabled	O
applications	O
,	O
servers	O
,	O
and	O
clients	O
to	O
transparently	O
access	O
data	O
while	O
it	O
was	O
migrated	O
between	O
direct-attached	O
,	O
network-attached	O
,	O
private	O
and	O
public	O
cloud	O
storage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linked	B-Operating_System
Data	I-Operating_System
can	O
use	O
a	O
single	O
hyperlink-based	O
Data	B-General_Concept
Source	I-General_Concept
Name	I-General_Concept
(	O
DSN	B-General_Concept
)	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
connection	O
to	O
a	O
virtual	B-General_Concept
database	I-General_Concept
layer	O
that	O
is	O
internally	O
connected	O
to	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
back-end	O
data	O
sources	O
using	O
ODBC	B-Application
,	O
JDBC	B-Language
,	O
OLE	B-Language
DB	I-Language
,	O
ADO.NET	B-Device
,	O
SOA-style	O
services	O
,	O
and/or	O
REST	O
patterns	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Database	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
may	O
use	O
a	O
single	O
ODBC-based	O
DSN	B-General_Concept
to	O
provide	O
a	O
connection	O
to	O
a	O
similar	O
virtual	B-General_Concept
database	I-General_Concept
layer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alluxio	B-Application
,	O
an	O
open-source	O
virtual	O
distributed	O
file	O
system	O
(	O
VDFS	O
)	O
,	O
started	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
California	O
,	O
Berkeley	O
's	O
AMPLab	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
Virtualization	I-General_Concept
software	O
provides	O
some	O
or	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
following	O
capabilities	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
Federation	I-General_Concept
–	O
Combine	O
result	O
sets	O
from	O
across	O
multiple	O
source	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
software	O
may	O
include	O
functions	O
for	O
development	O
,	O
operation	O
,	O
and/or	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Enterprise	B-General_Concept
information	I-General_Concept
integration	I-General_Concept
(	O
EII	O
)	O
(	O
first	O
coined	O
by	O
Metamatrix	O
)	O
,	O
now	O
known	O
as	O
Red	O
Hat	O
JBoss	O
Data	B-General_Concept
Virtualization	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
federated	B-General_Concept
database	I-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
are	O
terms	O
used	O
by	O
some	O
vendors	O
to	O
describe	O
a	O
core	O
element	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
:	O
the	O
capability	O
to	O
create	O
relational	O
JOINs	O
in	O
a	O
federated	O
VIEW	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
data	B-General_Concept
virtualization	I-General_Concept
solutions	O
and	O
vendors	O
:	O
</s>
