<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
act	O
of	O
conserving	O
and	O
maintaining	O
both	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
integrity	O
of	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
goal	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
is	O
to	O
protect	O
data	O
from	O
being	O
lost	O
or	O
destroyed	O
and	O
to	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
reuse	O
and	O
progression	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scientific	O
research	O
and	O
doctoral	O
theses	O
data	O
have	O
mostly	O
been	O
destroyed	O
from	O
improper	O
storage	O
and	O
lack	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
awareness	O
and	O
execution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Over	O
time	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
has	O
evolved	O
and	O
has	O
generated	O
importance	O
and	O
awareness	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
digital	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
storage	O
solutions	O
appeared	O
in	O
the	O
1950s	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
usually	O
flat	O
or	O
hierarchically	O
structured	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Relational	O
data	O
bases	O
structure	O
data	O
into	O
tables	O
using	O
structured	B-Language
query	I-Language
languages	I-Language
which	O
made	O
them	O
more	O
efficient	O
than	O
the	O
preceding	O
storage	O
solutions	O
,	O
and	O
spreadsheets	O
hold	O
high	O
volumes	O
of	O
numeric	O
data	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
applied	O
to	O
these	O
relational	O
databases	O
to	O
produce	O
derivative	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
recently	O
,	O
non-relational	O
(	O
non-structured	B-General_Concept
query	I-General_Concept
language	I-General_Concept
)	O
databases	O
have	O
appeared	O
as	O
complements	O
to	O
relational	O
databases	O
which	O
hold	O
high	O
volumes	O
of	O
unstructured	B-Application
or	O
semi-structured	B-Application
data	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
scope	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
is	O
vast	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
data	O
retention	O
differs	O
from	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
in	O
the	O
sense	O
that	O
by	O
definition	O
,	O
to	O
retain	O
an	O
object	O
(	O
data	O
)	O
is	O
to	O
hold	O
or	O
keep	O
possession	O
or	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
object	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
exceeds	O
the	O
concept	O
of	O
having	O
or	O
possessing	O
data	O
or	O
back	O
up	O
copies	O
of	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
ensures	O
reliable	O
access	O
to	O
data	O
by	O
including	O
back-up	O
and	O
recovery	O
mechanisms	O
that	O
precede	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
a	O
disaster	O
or	O
technological	O
change	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
preservation	O
,	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
,	O
but	O
is	O
mainly	O
concerned	O
with	O
technological	O
threats	O
,	O
and	O
solely	O
digital	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Without	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
much	O
of	O
our	O
existing	O
digital	O
data	O
is	O
at	O
risk	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
majority	O
of	O
methods	O
used	O
towards	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
today	O
are	O
digital	O
methods	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
so	O
far	O
the	O
most	O
effective	O
methods	O
that	O
exist	O
.	O
</s>
