<s>
A	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plan	I-General_Concept
or	O
DMP	O
is	O
a	O
formal	O
document	O
that	O
outlines	O
how	O
data	O
are	O
to	O
be	O
handled	O
both	O
during	O
a	O
research	O
project	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
project	O
is	O
completed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
goal	O
of	O
a	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plan	I-General_Concept
is	O
to	O
consider	O
the	O
many	O
aspects	O
of	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
,	O
metadata	O
generation	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
preservation	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
analysis	B-General_Concept
before	O
the	O
project	O
begins	O
;	O
this	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
data	O
being	O
well-managed	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
,	O
and	O
prepared	O
for	O
preservation	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DMPs	O
were	O
originally	O
used	O
in	O
1966	O
to	O
manage	O
aeronautical	O
and	O
engineering	O
projects	O
 '	O
data	O
collection	O
and	O
analysis	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
expanded	O
across	O
engineering	O
and	O
scientific	O
disciplines	O
in	O
the	O
1970s	O
and	O
1980s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
2000s	O
and	O
later	O
,	O
E-research	B-General_Concept
and	O
economic	O
policies	O
drove	O
the	O
development	O
and	O
uptake	O
of	O
DMPs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Preparing	O
a	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plan	I-General_Concept
before	O
data	O
are	O
collected	O
is	O
claimed	O
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
data	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
correct	O
format	O
,	O
organized	O
well	O
,	O
and	O
better	O
annotated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
component	O
of	O
a	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plan	I-General_Concept
is	O
data	O
archiving	O
and	O
preservation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
2010s	O
,	O
funding	O
agencies	O
increasingly	O
required	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plans	I-General_Concept
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
proposal	O
and	O
evaluation	O
process	O
,	O
despite	O
little	O
or	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
their	O
efficacy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quality	O
assurance	O
&	O
quality	O
control	O
measures	O
that	O
will	O
be	O
taken	O
during	O
sample	O
collection	O
,	O
analysis	B-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Researchers	O
should	O
consult	O
colleagues	O
and	O
professional	O
societies	O
in	O
their	O
discipline	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
most	O
appropriate	O
database	O
,	O
and	O
include	O
a	O
backup	O
archive	O
in	O
their	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plan	I-General_Concept
in	O
case	O
their	O
first	O
choice	O
goes	O
out	O
of	O
existence	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
and	O
preservation	O
costs	O
may	O
be	O
considerable	O
,	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
the	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plan	I-General_Concept
should	O
include	O
how	O
these	O
costs	O
will	O
be	O
paid	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
grant	O
proposals	O
submitted	O
to	O
NSF	O
must	O
include	O
a	O
Data	B-General_Concept
Management	I-General_Concept
Plan	I-General_Concept
that	O
is	O
no	O
more	O
than	O
two	O
pages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
current	O
ESRC	O
Research	O
Data	O
Policy	O
states	O
that	O
research	O
data	O
created	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
ESRC-funded	O
research	O
should	O
be	O
openly	O
available	O
to	O
the	O
scientific	O
community	O
to	O
the	O
maximum	O
extent	O
possible	O
,	O
through	O
long-term	O
preservation	O
and	O
high-quality	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
ESRC	O
requires	O
a	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plan	I-General_Concept
for	O
all	O
research	O
award	O
applications	O
where	O
new	O
data	O
are	O
being	O
created	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
plans	O
are	O
designed	O
to	O
promote	O
a	O
structured	O
approach	O
to	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
throughout	O
the	O
data	B-General_Concept
lifecycle	I-General_Concept
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
better	O
quality	O
data	O
that	O
is	O
ready	O
to	O
archive	O
for	O
sharing	O
and	O
re-use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
UK	O
Data	O
Service	O
,	O
the	O
ESRC	O
's	O
flagship	O
data	O
service	O
,	O
provides	O
practical	O
guidance	O
on	O
research	B-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
planning	O
suitable	O
for	O
social	O
science	O
researchers	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
and	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
been	O
argued	O
that	O
DMPs	O
can	O
form	O
a	O
catalyst	O
for	O
researchers	O
to	O
improve	O
their	O
data	O
literacy	O
and	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
practices	O
,	O
often	O
aided	O
by	O
the	O
library	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DMPs	O
are	O
often	O
regarded	O
as	O
an	O
"	O
administrative	O
exercise	O
rather	O
than	O
an	O
integral	O
part	O
"	O
of	O
the	O
research	O
process	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
acknowledged	O
that	O
DMPs	O
do	O
not	O
guarantee	O
good	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
practices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Best	O
practice	O
would	O
be	O
to	O
"	O
require	O
maintenance	O
of	O
the	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plan	I-General_Concept
following	O
award	O
and	O
during	O
the	O
active	O
phase	O
of	O
a	O
study.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
present	O
,	O
data	B-Application
sharing	I-Application
plans	O
are	O
more	O
important	O
than	O
data	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
plans	I-General_Concept
to	O
funders	O
.	O
</s>
