<s>
The	O
Data	B-Application
Plane	I-Application
Development	I-Application
Kit	I-Application
(	O
DPDK	B-Application
)	O
is	O
an	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
software	O
project	O
managed	O
by	O
the	B-Operating_System
Linux	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
provides	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
data	B-Protocol
plane	I-Protocol
libraries	O
and	O
network	B-Protocol
interface	I-Protocol
controller	I-Protocol
polling-mode	O
drivers	O
for	O
offloading	O
TCP	B-Protocol
packet	B-Protocol
processing	I-Protocol
from	O
the	O
operating	B-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
to	O
processes	B-Operating_System
running	O
in	O
user	B-Operating_System
space	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
offloading	O
achieves	O
higher	O
computing	O
efficiency	O
and	O
higher	O
packet	B-Protocol
throughput	O
than	O
is	O
possible	O
using	O
the	O
interrupt-driven	O
processing	O
provided	O
in	O
the	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
DPDK	B-Application
provides	O
a	O
programming	O
framework	O
for	O
x86	B-Operating_System
,	O
ARM	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
PowerPC	B-Architecture
processors	I-Architecture
and	O
enables	O
faster	O
development	O
of	O
high	O
speed	O
data	B-Protocol
packet	I-Protocol
networking	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
scales	O
from	O
mobile	O
processors	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Intel	B-Device
Atom	I-Device
,	O
to	O
server-grade	O
processors	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Intel	B-Device
Xeon	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
instruction	B-General_Concept
set	I-General_Concept
architectures	I-General_Concept
such	O
as	O
Intel	O
,	O
IBM	O
POWER8	B-Device
,	O
EZchip	O
,	O
and	O
ARM	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
provided	O
and	O
supported	O
under	O
the	O
open-source	B-License
BSD	B-Operating_System
license	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
DPDK	B-Application
was	O
created	O
by	O
Intel	O
engineer	O
Venky	O
Venkatesan	O
,	O
who	O
is	O
affectionately	O
known	O
as	O
"	O
The	O
Father	O
of	O
DPDK.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DPDK	B-Application
framework	O
creates	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
libraries	O
for	O
specific	O
hardware/software	O
environments	O
through	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
an	O
Environment	O
Abstraction	O
Layer	O
(	O
EAL	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
EAL	O
hides	O
the	O
environment	O
specifics	O
and	O
provides	O
a	O
standard	O
programming	O
interface	O
to	O
libraries	O
,	O
available	O
hardware	O
accelerators	O
and	O
other	O
hardware	O
and	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
(	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
)	O
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
,	O
EAL	O
provides	O
the	O
frameworks	O
to	O
support	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
Intel	O
IA-32	O
or	O
64-bit	B-Device
,	O
IBM	O
POWER9	B-Device
and	O
ARM	B-Architecture
32	B-Operating_System
-	O
or	O
64-bit	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
EAL	O
also	O
provides	O
additional	O
services	O
including	O
time	O
references	O
,	O
generic	O
bus	B-General_Concept
access	O
,	O
trace	O
and	O
debug	O
functions	O
and	O
alarm	O
operations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
DPDK	B-Application
libraries	O
one	O
can	O
implement	O
a	O
low	O
overhead	O
run-to-completion	B-Algorithm
,	O
pipeline	O
or	O
staged	O
,	O
event	O
driven	O
,	O
or	O
hybrid	O
model	O
completely	O
in	O
userspace	B-Operating_System
eliminating	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
and	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
to	O
user	O
copy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hardware	O
assists	O
from	O
NIC/Regex/Accelerators	O
,	O
libraries	O
enhanced	O
to	O
make	O
use	O
of	O
Intelligence	O
Storage	O
Acceleration	O
(	O
ISA	O
)	O
for	O
bulk	O
performance	O
and	O
accessing	O
devices	O
via	O
polling	B-General_Concept
helps	O
to	O
eliminate	O
the	O
performance	O
overhead	O
of	O
interrupt	B-Application
too	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DPDK	B-Application
also	O
includes	O
software	O
examples	O
that	O
highlight	O
best	O
practices	O
for	O
software	O
architecture	O
,	O
tips	O
for	O
data	O
structure	O
design	O
and	O
storage	O
,	O
application	O
profiling	O
and	O
performance	O
tuning	O
utilities	O
and	O
tips	O
that	O
address	O
common	O
network	O
performance	O
deficits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DPDK	B-Application
includes	O
data	B-Protocol
plane	I-Protocol
libraries	O
and	O
optimized	O
network	B-Protocol
interface	I-Protocol
controller	I-Protocol
(	O
NIC	O
)	O
drivers	O
for	O
the	O
following	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DPDK	B-Application
includes	O
drivers	O
for	O
many	O
hardware	O
types	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
provides	O
PMD	O
Ethernet	O
layer	O
supporting	O
Vmxnet3	O
paravirtualized	O
NIC	O
;	O
superseded	O
by	O
full	O
VMXNET3	O
support	O
in	O
native	O
DPDK	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DPDK	B-Application
was	O
originally	O
designed	O
to	O
run	O
using	O
a	O
bare-metal	O
mode	O
which	O
is	O
currently	O
deprecated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Actually	O
,	O
DPDK	B-Application
's	O
EAL	O
provides	O
support	O
for	O
Linux	B-Application
or	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
userland	B-Operating_System
application	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
DPDK	B-Application
is	O
now	O
an	O
open-source	B-License
project	O
under	O
the	B-Operating_System
Linux	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
,	O
supported	O
by	O
many	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DPDK	B-Application
is	O
governed	O
by	O
a	O
Governing	O
Board	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Beside	O
Intel	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
contributor	O
to	O
the	O
DPDK	B-Application
,	O
several	O
other	O
vendors	O
also	O
support	O
the	O
DPDK	B-Application
within	O
their	O
products	O
and	O
some	O
offer	O
additional	O
training	O
,	O
support	O
and	O
professional	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
list	O
of	O
vendors	O
who	O
have	O
announced	O
DPDK	B-Application
support	O
includes	O
:	O
6WIND	O
,	O
ALTEN	O
Calsoft	O
Labs	O
,	O
Advantech	O
,	O
Brocade	O
,	O
Big	O
Switch	O
Networks	O
,	O
Mellanox	O
Technologies	O
,	O
Radisys	O
,	O
Tieto	O
,	O
Wind	O
River	O
,	O
Lanner	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
pfSense	B-Protocol
project	O
published	O
a	O
road	O
map	O
on	O
25	O
February	O
2015	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
developer	O
Jim	O
Thompson	O
announced	O
the	O
rewriting	O
of	O
the	O
pfSense	B-Protocol
core	O
—	O
including	O
pf	B-Protocol
,	O
network	B-Protocol
packet	I-Protocol
forwarding	O
and	O
shaping	O
,	O
link	B-Architecture
bonding	I-Architecture
,	O
IPsec	B-Protocol
—	O
using	O
DPDK	B-Application
:	O
"	O
We	O
have	O
a	O
goal	O
of	O
being	O
able	O
to	O
forward	O
,	O
with	O
packet	B-Protocol
filtering	O
at	O
rates	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
14.88Mpps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
simply	O
no	O
way	O
to	O
use	O
today	O
's	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
(	O
or	O
linux	B-Application
)	O
in-kernel	O
stacks	O
for	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
load.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Open	B-Language
vSwitch	I-Language
(	O
OVS	O
)	O
has	O
a	O
limited	O
set	O
of	O
features	O
running	O
userland	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
leveraged	O
to	O
bypass	O
the	O
Linux	B-Application
kernel	B-Operating_System
OVS	O
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
use	O
case	O
of	O
OVS	O
with	O
DPDK	B-Application
userland	O
is	O
usually	O
named	O
OVS-DPDK	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
mostly	O
deployed	O
with	O
OpenStack	B-Application
Neutron	O
but	O
it	O
assumes	O
that	O
many	O
features	O
and	O
software-defined	O
networking	O
(	O
SDN	O
)	O
capabilities	O
of	O
Openstack	B-Application
are	O
disabled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
,	O
when	O
OVS-DPDK	O
is	O
used	O
,	O
Neutron	O
provides	O
a	O
lower	O
level	O
of	O
security	O
than	O
when	O
OVS	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
is	O
used	O
(	O
no	O
stateful	O
firewalling	O
,	O
less	O
security	O
group	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
version	O
of	O
Cisco	O
's	O
Vector	B-Protocol
Packet	I-Protocol
Processing	I-Protocol
(	O
VPP	O
)	O
technology	O
:	O
a	O
high	O
performance	O
,	O
packet-processing	O
stack	O
that	O
can	O
run	O
on	O
commodity	O
CPUs	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
leverage	O
the	O
Poll	O
Mode	O
Drivers	O
for	O
both	O
NICs	O
and	O
cryptographic	O
acceleration	O
hardware	O
and	O
libraries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
VPP	O
supports	O
and	O
uses	O
the	O
DPDK	B-Application
library	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TRex	O
is	O
an	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
traffic	O
generator	O
using	O
DPDK	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
TRex	O
also	O
supports	O
multiple	O
streams	O
,	O
ability	O
to	O
change	O
any	O
packet	B-Protocol
field	O
and	O
provides	O
per	O
stream	O
statistics	O
,	O
latency	O
and	O
jitter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DTS	O
(	O
DPDK	B-Application
Test	O
Suite	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
Python-based	O
framework	O
for	O
functional	O
tests	O
and	O
benchmarks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
an	O
open-source	B-License
project	O
,	O
started	O
in	O
2014	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
hosted	O
on	O
dpdk.org	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
both	O
software	O
traffic	O
generators	O
like	O
Scapy	O
and	O
dpdk-pktgen	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
hardware	O
traffic	O
generator	O
like	O
Ixia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DDP	O
(	O
Dynamic	O
Device	O
Personalization	O
)	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
advanced	O
features	O
implemented	O
with	O
DPDK	B-Application
.	O
</s>
