<s>
Dashboard	B-Protocol
is	O
a	O
discontinued	O
feature	O
of	O
Apple	O
Inc.	O
'	O
s	O
macOS	B-Application
operating	O
systems	O
,	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
secondary	O
desktop	O
for	O
hosting	O
mini-applications	O
known	O
as	O
widgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dashboard	B-Protocol
applications	O
supplied	O
with	O
macOS	B-Application
included	O
a	O
stock	O
ticker	O
,	O
weather	B-Application
report	O
,	O
calculator	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
notepad	O
;	O
while	O
users	O
could	O
create	O
or	O
download	O
their	O
own	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.7	I-Application
Lion	I-Application
,	O
when	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
is	O
activated	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
desktop	O
is	O
dimmed	O
and	O
widgets	O
appear	O
in	O
the	O
foreground	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
widgets	O
can	O
be	O
opened	O
,	O
via	O
an	O
icon	O
bar	O
on	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
layer	O
,	O
loading	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
available	O
apps	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
homescreen	O
or	O
the	O
macOS	B-Application
Launchpad	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dashboard	B-Protocol
was	O
first	O
introduced	O
in	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.4	I-Application
Tiger	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
accessed	O
by	O
a	O
dashboard	B-Protocol
key	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alternatively	O
,	O
the	O
user	O
can	O
choose	O
to	O
make	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
open	O
on	O
moving	O
the	O
cursor	O
into	O
a	O
preassigned	O
hot	O
corner	O
or	O
keyboard	O
shortcut	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starting	O
with	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.7	I-Application
Lion	I-Application
,	O
the	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
can	O
be	O
configured	O
as	O
a	O
space	O
,	O
accessed	O
by	O
swiping	O
four	O
fingers	O
to	O
the	O
right	O
from	O
the	O
Desktops	O
either	O
side	O
of	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
OS	B-Device
X	I-Device
10.10	I-Device
Yosemite	I-Device
onward	O
,	O
the	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
was	O
disabled	O
by	O
default	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
Notification	B-Operating_System
Center	I-Operating_System
becoming	O
the	O
primary	O
method	O
of	O
displaying	O
widgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
macOS	B-Device
10.15	I-Device
Catalina	I-Device
,	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
has	O
been	O
removed	O
from	O
macOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dashboard	B-Application
widgets	I-Application
,	O
like	O
web	O
pages	O
,	O
are	O
capable	O
of	O
many	O
different	O
things	O
,	O
including	O
of	O
performing	O
tasks	O
that	O
would	O
be	O
complicated	O
for	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
access	O
manually	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
example	O
is	O
the	B-Application
Google	I-Application
Search	O
widget	O
,	O
which	O
simply	O
opens	O
up	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
and	O
performs	O
a	O
Google	B-Application
search	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
widgets	O
,	O
like	O
Wikipedia	O
,	O
grab	O
the	O
contents	O
of	O
web	O
pages	O
and	O
display	O
them	O
within	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
widgets	O
can	O
also	O
serve	O
as	O
games	O
,	O
using	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
(	O
or	O
another	O
multimedia	O
authoring	O
program	O
)	O
to	O
create	O
games	O
just	O
as	O
if	O
they	O
were	O
in	O
a	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
also	O
possible	O
for	O
Mac	B-Device
users	O
to	O
create	O
their	O
own	O
widgets	O
using	O
built-in	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dashboard	B-Protocol
uses	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
graphical	O
effects	O
for	O
displaying	O
,	O
opening	O
,	O
and	O
using	O
widgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
sufficiently	O
powered	O
Macs	B-Device
,	O
widgets	O
will	O
produce	O
a	O
ripple	O
effect	O
when	O
they	O
are	O
opened	O
,	O
like	O
a	O
leaf	O
falling	O
onto	O
water	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
effects	O
consume	O
considerable	O
processing	O
power	O
but	O
with	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
macOS	B-Application
’s	O
Quartz	O
Extreme	O
and	O
Core	B-Operating_System
Image	I-Operating_System
graphics	O
architectures	O
,	O
sufficient	O
computing	O
power	O
to	O
render	O
them	O
in	O
real	B-General_Concept
time	I-General_Concept
is	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
with	O
Exposé	O
,	O
Front	B-Operating_System
Row	I-Operating_System
and	O
the	O
minimize	O
effect	O
,	O
holding	O
shift	O
down	O
while	O
calling	O
the	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
or	O
opening	O
the	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
menu	O
bar	O
will	O
display	O
the	O
effect	O
in	O
slow	O
motion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dashboard	B-Application
widgets	I-Application
are	O
created	O
using	O
Hypertext	B-Language
Markup	I-Language
Language	I-Language
(	O
HTML	B-Language
)	O
,	O
Cascading	B-Language
Style	I-Language
Sheets	I-Language
(	O
CSS	B-Language
)	O
,	O
and	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
the	O
same	O
languages	O
are	O
used	O
for	O
creating	O
websites	O
,	O
many	O
web	O
developers	B-Application
can	O
already	O
build	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Widgets	O
themselves	O
are	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
core	O
,	O
simply	O
HTML	B-Language
files	I-Language
that	O
are	O
displayed	O
within	O
the	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
layer	O
;	O
they	O
use	O
the	O
WebKit	B-Language
application	O
framework	O
that	O
is	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
Apple	B-Application
's	I-Application
Safari	I-Application
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
,	O
meaning	O
even	O
users	O
running	O
earlier	O
versions	O
of	O
macOS	B-Application
—	O
where	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
is	O
unavailable	O
—	O
can	O
build	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
widget	O
API	B-General_Concept
allows	O
the	O
widgets	O
to	O
use	O
Mac-specific	O
interface	O
elements	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Apple	O
Slider	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
a	O
Dashboard	B-Application
widget	I-Application
is	O
built	O
,	O
it	O
usually	O
consists	O
of	O
six	O
files	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
widget	O
's	O
Property	O
List	O
(	O
called	O
“	O
Info.plist	O
”	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
what	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
uses	O
to	O
load	O
the	O
widget	O
’s	O
properties	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
:	O
name	O
,	O
version	O
,	O
HTML	B-Language
file	I-Language
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
all	O
of	O
these	O
files	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
root	O
of	O
a	O
directory	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
given	O
a	O
name	O
and	O
the	O
extension	O
"	O
.wdgt	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
opened	O
up	O
in	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
as	O
a	O
widget	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
complex	O
widgets	O
may	O
also	O
include	O
a	O
Cocoa	B-Operating_System
widget	O
plugin	O
(	O
for	O
platform-specific	O
functionality	O
)	O
,	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
JavaScript	B-Language
files	O
(	O
for	O
text	O
scrolling	O
,	O
preferences	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.5	I-Application
Leopard	I-Application
includes	O
an	O
application	O
called	O
Dashcode	B-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
more	O
user-friendly	O
way	O
of	O
creating	O
widgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
new	O
feature	O
of	O
Leopard	B-Application
is	O
called	O
"	O
Web	B-Application
Clip	I-Application
"	O
which	O
lets	O
users	O
easily	O
create	O
widgets	O
from	O
parts	O
of	O
a	O
webpage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
WWDC	O
2007	O
keynote	O
,	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
made	O
widgets	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
following	O
:	O
the	O
featured	O
news	O
headlines	O
on	O
Yahoo.com,	O
the	O
top	O
ten	O
most	O
searched	O
terms	O
on	O
Google	B-Application
,	O
the	O
Photo	O
of	O
the	O
Day	O
on	O
National	O
Geographic	O
,	O
the	O
Dilbert	O
comic	O
strip	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
box	O
office	O
information	O
from	O
Rotten	O
Tomatoes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
people	O
have	O
made	O
comparisons	O
between	O
Konfabulator	B-Application
and	O
Apple	O
's	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
,	O
especially	O
after	O
Apple	O
announced	O
the	O
feature	O
while	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.4	I-Application
Tiger	I-Application
was	O
in	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
school	O
of	O
thought	O
came	O
to	O
the	O
conclusion	O
that	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
was	O
a	O
"	O
rip-off	O
"	O
of	O
Konfabulator	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
points	O
out	O
the	O
visual	O
and	O
functional	O
similarities	O
between	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
has	O
been	O
widely	O
compared	O
to	O
Konfabulator	B-Application
(	O
later	O
Yahoo	B-Application
!	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Konfabulator	B-Application
may	O
,	O
in	O
turn	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
based	O
on	O
Apple	O
’s	O
Desk	B-Application
Accessories	I-Application
,	O
first	O
released	O
in	O
1984	O
with	O
the	O
original	O
Macintosh	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Desk	B-Application
Accessories	I-Application
,	O
similar	O
to	O
widgets	O
,	O
were	O
small	O
mini-applications	O
that	O
operated	O
on	O
a	O
user	O
’s	O
desktop	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
System	B-Operating_System
7	I-Operating_System
and	O
cooperative	O
multitasking	O
,	O
the	O
necessity	O
of	O
creating	O
Desk	B-Application
Accessories	I-Application
was	O
removed	O
and	O
developers	B-Application
were	O
encouraged	O
to	O
create	O
applications	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OS	O
continued	O
to	O
support	O
them	O
,	O
for	O
backward	O
compatibility	O
,	O
until	O
the	O
switch	O
to	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
(	O
In	O
fact	O
,	O
the	O
Calculator	B-Operating_System
desk	B-Application
accessory	I-Application
remained	O
in	O
the	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
through	O
version	O
9	O
,	O
seventeen	O
years	O
without	O
a	O
significant	O
update	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
codebases	O
for	O
Konfabulator	B-Application
and	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
are	O
also	O
different	O
:	O
Konfabulator	B-Application
uses	O
XML	B-Protocol
and	O
JavaScript	B-Language
to	O
generate	O
Widgets	O
,	O
whereas	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
uses	O
HTML	B-Language
,	O
CSS	B-Language
,	O
JavaScript	B-Language
,	O
and	O
Objective-C	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
first	O
version	O
of	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
released	O
with	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.4	I-Application
Tiger	I-Application
update	O
10.4.3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
iTunes	B-Operating_System
Controller	O
—	O
no	O
longer	O
included	O
in	O
latest	O
macOS	B-Application
releases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Phone	O
Book	O
—	O
no	O
longer	O
included	O
in	O
latest	O
macOS	B-Application
releases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
Macworld	O
2006	O
keynote	O
,	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
also	O
announced	O
four	O
new	O
widgets	O
(	O
Ski	O
Report	O
,	O
People	O
Finder	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
Search	O
,	O
and	O
ESPN	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
significant	O
updates	O
to	O
the	O
Phone	O
Book	O
and	O
Calendar	B-Operating_System
widgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
10.5	I-Application
Leopard	I-Application
,	O
released	O
in	O
late	O
2007	O
,	O
includes	O
new	O
widgets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
these	O
is	O
Web	B-Application
Clip	I-Application
,	O
which	O
allows	O
any	O
user	O
to	O
turn	O
a	O
rectangular	O
section	O
of	O
any	O
webpage	O
into	O
a	O
widget	O
(	O
This	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
only	O
works	O
with	O
the	O
Safari	B-Application
web	I-Application
browser	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
widget	O
updates	O
as	O
the	O
website	O
does	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
links	O
and	O
other	O
interactive	O
material	O
in	O
the	O
widget	O
's	O
selection	O
of	O
the	O
webpage	O
works	O
as	O
if	O
the	O
website	O
is	O
being	O
accessed	O
from	O
Safari	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
new	O
widget	O
is	O
Movies	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
find	O
currently	O
playing	O
movies	O
at	O
local	O
theaters	O
,	O
view	O
trailers	O
,	O
and	O
purchase	O
tickets	O
directly	O
from	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
has	O
never	O
announced	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
installation	O
of	O
Dashboard	B-Application
widgets	I-Application
on	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Even	O
though	O
,	O
in	O
June	O
2008	O
,	O
an	O
unannounced	O
update	O
of	O
Dashcode	B-Operating_System
that	O
was	O
packaged	O
with	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
SDK	I-Operating_System
allowed	O
for	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
iPhone-oriented	O
web	O
widgets	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
unknown	O
if	O
this	O
version	O
of	O
Dashcode	B-Operating_System
would	O
support	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
AJAX-driven	O
mobile	O
widgets	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
installed	O
natively	O
on	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
been	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
installing	O
Dashboard	B-Application
widgets	I-Application
on	O
a	O
jailbroken	B-Application
iOS	B-Operating_System
device	O
is	O
possible	O
in	O
theory	O
,	O
but	O
most	O
desktop-oriented	O
widgets	O
are	O
not	O
oriented	O
to	O
usage	O
or	O
interaction	O
on	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
's	O
multi-touch	B-Application
screen-oriented	O
interface	O
;	O
they	O
may	O
also	O
rely	O
on	O
DashboardClient	O
's	O
widget	O
JavaScript	B-Language
object	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
not	O
part	O
of	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
2	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
announcement	O
of	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
8	I-Operating_System
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
Today	O
"	O
view	O
(	O
which	O
is	O
accessible	O
by	O
swiping	O
down	O
from	O
the	O
status	O
bar	O
)	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
have	O
downloadable	O
widgets	O
from	O
the	O
App	O
Store	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
not	O
the	O
same	O
desktop-oriented	O
widgets	O
that	O
are	O
found	O
in	O
Dashboard	B-Protocol
,	O
this	O
represented	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
that	O
widgets	O
became	O
available	O
officially	O
(	O
i.e.	O
,	O
without	O
jailbreaking	B-Application
)	O
on	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
an	O
unrelated	O
CarPlay	B-General_Concept
feature	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
name	O
introduced	O
with	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
13	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
June	O
22	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
WWDC	O
Keynote	O
Address	O
,	O
Apple	O
introduced	O
widgets	O
for	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
14	O
.	O
</s>
