<s>
DarwinTunes	B-Application
was	O
a	O
research	O
project	O
into	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
natural	B-Application
selection	I-Application
to	O
create	O
music	O
led	O
by	O
Bob	O
MacCallum	O
and	O
Armand	O
Leroi	O
,	O
scientists	O
at	O
Imperial	O
College	O
London	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
paper	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
Proceedings	O
of	O
the	O
National	O
Academy	O
of	O
Sciences	O
,	O
the	O
DarwinTunes	B-Application
developers	O
describe	O
how	O
their	O
first	O
experimental	O
population	O
derived	O
from	O
two	O
randomly	O
generated	O
founding	O
loops	O
,	O
allowed	O
100	O
generations	O
of	O
loops	O
to	O
evolve	O
without	O
any	O
selection	O
pressure	O
before	O
asking	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
public	O
to	O
rate	O
the	O
loops	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
tested	O
this	O
using	O
ratings	O
by	O
listeners	O
and	O
also	O
by	O
using	O
sampling	O
techniques	O
used	O
by	O
music	B-Application
information	I-Application
retrieval	I-Application
technology	O
—	O
namely	O
the	O
Chordino	O
and	O
Rhythm	O
Patterns	O
algorithms	O
,	O
which	O
measure	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
chords	O
used	O
in	O
Western	O
music	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
rhythm	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
