<s>
DVB-H	B-Protocol
(	O
digital	B-Application
video	I-Application
broadcasting	I-Application
-	O
handheld	O
)	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
three	O
prevalent	O
mobile	B-Application
TV	I-Application
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-H	B-Protocol
was	O
formally	O
adopted	O
as	O
ETSI	O
standard	O
EN	O
302	O
304	O
in	O
November	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
specification	O
(	O
EN	O
302	O
304	O
)	O
can	O
be	O
downloaded	O
from	O
the	O
official	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
website	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
March	O
2008	O
,	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
is	O
officially	O
endorsed	O
by	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
preferred	O
technology	O
for	O
terrestrial	O
mobile	O
broadcasting	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
major	O
competitors	O
of	O
this	O
technology	O
are	O
Qualcomm	O
's	O
MediaFLO	B-Device
system	O
,	O
the	O
3G	B-Architecture
cellular	I-Architecture
system	O
based	O
MBMS	O
mobile-TV	O
standard	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
ATSC-M/H	B-Device
format	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
DVB-SH	O
(	O
Satellite	O
to	O
Handhelds	O
)	O
now	O
and	O
DVB-NGH	O
(	O
Next	O
Generation	O
Handheld	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
are	O
possible	O
enhancements	O
to	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
,	O
providing	O
improved	O
spectral	B-Protocol
efficiency	I-Protocol
and	O
better	O
modulation	O
flexibility	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-H	B-Protocol
has	O
been	O
a	O
commercial	O
failure	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
service	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
on-air	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ukraine	O
was	O
the	O
last	O
country	O
with	O
a	O
nationwide	O
broadcast	O
in	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
,	O
which	O
began	O
transitioning	O
to	O
DVB-T2	O
during	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-H	B-Protocol
technology	O
is	O
a	O
superset	O
of	O
the	O
successful	O
DVB-T	O
(	O
Digital	B-Application
Video	I-Application
Broadcasting	I-Application
-	O
Terrestrial	O
)	O
system	O
for	O
digital	O
terrestrial	O
television	O
,	O
with	O
additional	O
features	O
to	O
meet	O
the	O
specific	O
requirements	O
of	O
handheld	O
,	O
battery-powered	O
receivers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2002	O
four	O
main	O
requirements	O
of	O
the	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
system	O
were	O
agreed	O
:	O
broadcast	O
services	O
for	O
portable	O
and	O
mobile	O
usage	O
with	O
'	O
acceptable	O
quality	O
 '	O
;	O
a	O
typical	O
user	O
environment	O
,	O
and	O
so	O
geographical	O
coverage	O
,	O
as	O
mobile	O
radio	O
;	O
access	O
to	O
service	O
while	O
moving	O
in	O
a	O
vehicle	O
at	O
high	O
speed	O
(	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
imperceptible	O
handover	O
when	O
moving	O
from	O
one	O
cell	O
to	O
another	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
as	O
much	O
compatibility	O
with	O
existing	O
digital	O
terrestrial	O
television	O
(	O
DVB-T	O
)	O
,	O
to	O
allow	O
sharing	O
of	O
network	O
and	O
transmission	O
equipment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-H	B-Protocol
can	O
offer	O
a	O
downstream	O
channel	O
at	O
high	O
data	O
rates	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
standalone	O
or	O
as	O
an	O
enhancement	O
of	O
mobile	O
telecommunication	O
networks	O
which	O
many	O
typical	O
handheld	O
terminals	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
access	O
anyway	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
64	O
parity	O
bits	O
for	O
each	O
191	O
data	O
bits	O
,	O
protected	O
by	O
Reed-Solomon	B-Error_Name
codes	I-Error_Name
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
there	O
are	O
approximately	O
ten	O
or	O
more	O
bursted	O
services	O
in	O
a	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
stream	O
,	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
the	O
power	O
saving	O
for	O
the	O
front	O
end	O
could	O
be	O
up	O
to	O
90%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-H	B-Protocol
is	O
a	O
technical	O
system	O
which	O
was	O
carefully	O
tested	O
by	O
the	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
Validation	O
Task	O
Force	O
in	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
2004	O
(	O
see	O
ETSI	O
Technical	O
Report	O
TR	O
102	O
401	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-SH	O
improved	O
radio	O
performances	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
an	O
evolution	O
of	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-H	B-Protocol
is	O
designed	O
to	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
following	O
bands	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-SH	O
now	O
and	O
DVB-NGH	O
in	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
are	O
expected	O
to	O
expand	O
the	O
supported	O
bands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-H	B-Protocol
can	O
coexist	O
with	O
DVB-T	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
multiplex	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-IPDC	O
(	O
DVB	B-Application
for	O
IP	O
Datacasting	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
specification	O
for	O
broadcasting	O
mobile	B-Application
TV	I-Application
services	O
based	O
on	O
Internet	B-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-IPDC	O
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
systems	O
layer	O
specifications	O
originally	O
designed	O
for	O
use	O
with	O
the	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
physical	O
layer	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
will	O
ultimately	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
higher	O
layer	O
for	O
all	O
DVB	B-Application
mobile	B-Application
TV	I-Application
systems	O
,	O
including	O
DVB-SH	O
,	O
and	O
indeed	O
as	O
a	O
higher	O
layer	O
for	O
any	O
other	O
IP	O
capable	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
short	O
,	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
mobile	B-Application
TV	I-Application
,	O
these	O
specifications	O
define	O
what	O
is	O
delivered	O
,	O
how	O
it	O
is	O
delivered	O
,	O
how	O
it	O
is	O
described	O
,	O
and	O
how	O
it	O
is	O
protected	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
cover	O
system	O
architecture	O
,	O
use	O
cases	O
,	O
DVB	B-Application
PSI/SI	O
signalling	O
,	O
electronic	B-Device
service	I-Device
guide	I-Device
(	O
ESG	O
)	O
,	O
content	O
delivery	O
protocols	O
(	O
CDP	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
service	O
purchase	O
and	O
protection	O
(	O
SPP	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
full	O
set	O
of	O
DVB-IPDC	O
specifications	O
is	O
available	O
from	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2007	O
a	O
study	O
mission	O
was	O
formed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
options	O
for	O
a	O
potential	O
DVB-H2	O
successor	O
to	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
,	O
but	O
the	O
project	O
was	O
later	O
shelved	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2009	O
,	O
the	O
DVB	B-Application
group	O
made	O
a	O
'	O
call	O
for	O
technologies	O
 '	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
system	O
(	O
DVB-NGH	O
-	O
Next	O
Generation	O
Handheld	O
)	O
to	O
update	O
and	O
replace	O
the	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
standard	I-Protocol
for	O
digital	O
broadcasting	O
to	O
mobile	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
schedule	O
was	O
for	O
submissions	O
to	O
be	O
closed	O
in	O
February	O
2010	O
,	O
the	O
new	O
ETSI	O
standard	O
published	O
in	O
2013	O
,	O
and	O
rollout	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
DVB-NGH	O
devices	O
from	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DVB-SH	O
(	O
Satellite	O
services	O
to	O
Handheld	O
)	O
standard	O
was	O
published	O
in	O
February	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Finland	O
,	O
the	O
license	O
to	O
operate	O
a	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
network	O
was	O
awarded	O
to	O
Digita	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
service	O
was	O
closed	O
in	O
March	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2006	O
they	O
announced	O
that	O
they	O
had	O
signed	O
a	O
contract	O
with	O
Nokia	O
to	O
use	O
its	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
platform	O
for	O
the	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Network	O
operator	O
Digita	O
was	O
granted	O
to	O
upgrade	O
old	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
transmitters	O
to	O
next	O
generation	O
DVB-T2Lite	O
technology	O
which	O
has	O
ability	O
to	O
carry	O
HD	O
,	O
SD	O
and	O
mobile-size	O
picture	O
for	O
TV	O
sets	O
,	O
laptops	O
,	O
pocket-PCs	O
,	O
mobile	O
phones	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
India	O
,	O
Indian	O
public	O
broadcaster	O
Prasar	O
Bharti	O
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
DD	O
for	O
Doordarshan	O
)	O
started	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
trials	O
in	O
various	O
metropolitan	O
areas	O
to	O
test	O
the	O
reception	O
quality	O
of	O
the	O
broadcast	O
coverage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB	B-Application
OSF	O
was	O
the	O
adopted	O
security	O
standard	O
in	O
this	O
country	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
June	O
2008	O
,	O
3	O
Italia	O
has	O
made	O
some	O
channels	O
free	O
on	O
Dvb-h	B-Protocol
for	O
all	O
the	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Singapore	O
,	O
M1	O
,	O
StarHub	O
,	O
Singtel	O
and	O
Mediacorp	O
launches	O
for	O
Beijing	O
Olympics	O
a	O
nationwide	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
pilot	O
adopting	O
OMA	O
BCAST	O
SmartCard	O
profile	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
Philippines	O
,	O
SMART	O
had	O
launched	O
its	O
Mobile	B-Application
TV	I-Application
services	O
,	O
called	O
MyTV	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
only	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
Nokia	B-Language
N92	I-Language
and	O
N77	O
mobile	O
phone	O
due	O
to	O
incompatibility	O
of	O
the	O
current	O
system	O
with	O
other	O
security	O
technologies	O
such	O
as	O
DVB	B-Application
OSF	O
,	O
the	O
one	O
supported	O
by	O
all	O
other	O
handset	O
manufacturers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
Crown	O
Castle	O
had	O
rolled	O
out	O
a	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
offering	O
through	O
a	O
company	O
they	O
created	O
called	O
Modeo	O
in	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Modeo	O
was	O
attempting	O
to	O
compete	O
head-to-head	O
with	O
MediaFLO	B-Device
;	O
which	O
is	O
both	O
a	O
Mobile	B-Application
TV	I-Application
company	O
and	O
Mobile	B-Application
TV	I-Application
Standard	O
created	O
by	O
Qualcomm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Titled	O
Hiwire	O
Mobile	B-Application
Television	I-Application
,	O
the	O
service	O
is	O
set	O
to	O
begin	O
trials	O
in	O
Las	O
Vegas	O
in	O
Q4	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Austria	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
is	O
available	O
since	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
UEFA	B-Application
Euro	I-Application
2008	I-Application
as	O
result	O
of	O
a	O
joint	O
effort	O
between	O
Media	O
Broad	O
and	O
the	O
mobile	O
operators	O
3	O
and	O
Orange	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Switzerland	B-Protocol
DVB-H	B-Protocol
is	O
available	O
since	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
UEFA	B-Application
Euro	I-Application
2008	I-Application
thanks	O
to	O
Swisscom	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Germany	O
the	O
future	O
of	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
is	O
still	O
unknown	O
due	O
to	O
continuous	O
issues	O
with	O
the	O
license	O
and	O
open	O
questions	O
about	O
the	O
business	O
model	O
,	O
in	O
particular	O
which	O
role	O
operators	O
play	O
in	O
it	O
and	O
if	O
they	O
are	O
willing	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Malaysia	O
,	O
U	O
Mobile	O
,	O
the	O
fourth	O
telecom	O
operator	O
and	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
newest	O
3G	B-Architecture
service	O
provider	O
announced	O
commercial	O
availability	O
of	O
a	O
mobile	O
broadcast	O
TV	O
service	O
based	O
on	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
technology	O
before	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kenya	O
has	O
a	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
service	O
,	O
DStv	O
Mobile	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
launched	O
in	O
Nairobi	O
by	O
South	O
African	O
company	O
Digital	O
Mobile	B-Application
TV	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Iran	O
,	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
services	O
began	O
in	O
Tehran	O
in	O
March	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Estonia	O
,	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
service	O
started	O
testing	O
phase	O
in	O
April	O
2008	O
with	O
Levira	O
and	O
EMT	O
,	O
offering	O
up	O
to	O
15	O
TV-stations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
South	O
Africa	O
Multichoice	O
launched	O
the	O
public	O
version	O
of	O
its	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
service	O
,	O
called	O
DSTV	O
Mobile	O
on	O
1	O
December	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
,	O
KPN	O
launched	O
a	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
service	O
on	O
29	O
May	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
30	O
March	O
2011	O
,	O
KPN	O
announced	O
it	O
was	O
terminating	O
the	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
service	O
on	O
1	O
June	O
2011	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
new	O
mobiles	O
supporting	O
the	O
standard	O
which	O
resulted	O
in	O
fewer	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Jamaica	O
,	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
service	O
was	O
launched	O
by	O
telecoms	O
provider	O
LIME	O
in	O
2010	O
in	O
the	O
capital	O
city	O
Kingston	O
and	O
its	O
Metropolitan	O
Area	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
NAB	O
show	O
in	O
April	O
2012	O
,	O
Peter	O
Siebert	O
of	O
Europe	O
's	O
DVB	B-Application
Project	I-Application
Office	O
said	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
did	O
not	O
succeed	O
because	O
so	O
few	O
devices	O
were	O
available	O
,	O
mainly	O
because	O
content	O
producers	O
would	O
not	O
subsidize	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
competing	O
technologies	O
-	O
like	O
MediaFLO	B-Device
in	O
the	O
US	O
-	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
any	O
success	O
,	O
new	O
sales	O
were	O
terminated	O
in	O
December	O
2010	O
and	O
the	O
allocated	O
spectrum	O
sold	O
to	O
AT&T	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
KPN	O
quote	O
lack	O
of	O
receiving	O
devices	O
,	O
but	O
even	O
when	O
KPN	O
's	O
service	O
was	O
initially	O
free	O
the	O
average	O
daily	O
use	O
was	O
a	O
mere	O
9	O
minutes	O
per	O
phone	O
having	O
a	O
DVB-H	B-Protocol
receiver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
4G/LTE	O
became	O
standard	O
in	O
most	O
smartphones	O
and	O
used	O
in	O
many	O
countries	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
provide	O
the	O
needed	O
capacity	O
for	O
mobile	B-Application
TV	I-Application
within	O
most	O
people	O
's	O
data	O
allotments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
4G/LTE	O
has	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
efficient	O
multicast	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
increase	O
the	O
spectrum	B-Protocol
efficiency	I-Protocol
in	O
broadcast	O
type	O
application	O
to	O
within	O
a	O
factor	O
of	O
maybe	O
two	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
newest	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
DVB-T2/T2Lite	O
)	O
broadcast	O
protocols	O
.	O
</s>
