<s>
DHIS2	O
(	O
also	O
spelled	O
DHIS	B-Application
2	O
,	O
formerly	O
District	O
Health	O
Information	O
Software	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
free	O
and	O
open-source	B-Application
software	I-Application
platform	O
for	O
the	O
collection	O
,	O
reporting	O
,	O
analysis	O
and	O
dissemination	O
of	O
aggregate	O
and	O
individual-level	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DHIS2	O
platform	O
can	O
be	O
extended	O
with	O
custom	O
applications	O
(	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
published	O
and	O
shared	O
through	O
the	O
)	O
or	O
integrated	O
with	O
third-party	O
software	O
or	O
external	O
data	O
sources	O
through	O
the	O
open	O
web	B-General_Concept
API	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
access	B-Application
the	O
DHIS2	O
through	O
any	O
modern	O
web	O
browser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
collect	O
and	O
update	O
DHIS2	O
data	O
on	O
mobile	O
devices	O
and	O
tablets	O
that	O
use	O
the	O
Android	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
HISP	O
Centre	O
has	O
worked	O
with	O
six	O
countries	O
to	O
pilot	O
DHIS2	O
as	O
an	O
Education	B-Application
Management	I-Application
Information	I-Application
System	I-Application
(	O
EMIS	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
financial	O
support	O
from	O
NORAD	O
and	O
GPE/KIX	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
District	O
Health	O
Information	O
Software	O
(	O
DHIS	B-Application
)	O
was	O
developed	O
for	O
three	O
health	O
districts	O
in	O
Cape	O
Town	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Health	O
Information	O
Systems	O
Programme	O
(	O
HISP	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
collaborative	O
research	O
project	O
between	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Oslo	O
and	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
the	O
Western	O
Cape	O
that	O
began	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DHIS	B-Application
version	O
1	O
series	O
goes	O
back	O
to	O
1996	O
and	O
was	O
developed	O
on	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Access	I-Application
platform	O
consisting	O
of	O
VBA	B-Language
for	O
the	O
interface	O
or	O
program	O
logic	O
(	O
front-end	O
)	O
,	O
Access	B-Application
as	O
a	O
database	O
(	O
back-end	O
)	O
,	O
Excel	B-Application
for	O
reporting	O
and	O
Windows	B-Application
as	O
the	O
OS	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
DHIS	B-Application
1.4	O
(	O
from	O
2005	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
significant	O
overhaul	O
of	O
the	O
version	O
1.3	O
database	O
structure	O
,	O
using	O
various	O
output	O
formats	O
for	O
reporting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
bridges	O
the	O
gap	O
between	O
DHIS	B-Application
1.3	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DHIS	B-Application
version	O
2	O
(	O
from	O
2004	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
continuation	O
of	O
DHIS	B-Application
version	O
1	O
developed	O
on	O
open	O
source	O
Java	O
technologies	O
and	O
available	O
as	O
an	O
online	O
web	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DHIS2	O
is	O
developed	O
using	O
open-source	B-Application
Java	O
frameworks	O
and	O
tools	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	B-Application
Spring	I-Application
Framework	I-Application
,	O
Hibernate	B-Library
,	O
Struts2	B-Language
,	O
Maven	B-Language
,	O
and	O
JUnit	B-Language
.	O
</s>
