<s>
The	O
D-Grid	B-Application
Initiative	O
(	O
German	O
Grid	O
Initiative	O
)	O
was	O
a	O
government	O
project	O
to	O
fund	O
computer	O
infrastructure	O
for	O
education	O
and	O
research	O
(	O
e-Science	O
)	O
in	O
Germany	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
uses	O
the	O
term	O
grid	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
D-Grid	B-Application
started	O
September	O
1	O
,	O
2005	O
with	O
six	O
community	O
projects	O
and	O
an	O
integration	O
project	O
(	O
DGI	O
)	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
several	O
partner	O
projects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
D-Grid	B-Application
integration	O
project	O
intended	O
to	O
integrate	O
community	O
projects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
D-Grid	B-Application
integration	O
project	O
acted	O
as	O
a	O
service	O
provider	O
for	O
the	O
science	O
community	O
in	O
Germany	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
D-Grid	B-Application
Base-Software	O
:	O
The	O
major	O
task	O
of	O
this	O
work	O
package	O
is	O
to	O
provide	O
several	O
different	O
middleware	O
packages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
are	O
the	O
Globus	O
Toolkit	O
,	O
UNICORE	B-General_Concept
,	O
LCG/gLite	O
,	O
GridSphere	O
and	O
the	O
Grid	O
Application	O
Toolkit	O
(	O
GAT	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
community	O
projects	O
linked	O
together	O
in	O
the	O
D-Grid	B-Application
integration	O
project	O
are	O
supported	O
during	O
the	O
installation	O
,	O
operation	O
and	O
if	O
needed	O
and	O
possible	O
the	O
customisation	O
of	O
the	O
Base-Software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Deployment	O
and	O
operation	O
of	O
the	O
D-Grid	B-Application
infrastructure	O
:	O
Work	O
package	O
2	O
builds	O
up	O
a	O
Core-D-Grid	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Networks	O
and	O
Security	O
:	O
The	O
network	O
infrastructure	O
in	O
D-Grid	B-Application
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
DFN	O
Wissenschaftsnetz	O
X-WiN	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Work	O
package	O
3	O
will	O
provide	O
extensions	O
to	O
the	O
existing	O
network	O
infrastructure	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
needs	O
of	O
Grid	O
middleware	O
used	O
in	O
D-Grid	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Further	O
tasks	O
are	O
to	O
build	O
an	O
AA-Infrastructure	O
in	O
D-Grid	B-Application
,	O
develop	O
firewall	O
concepts	O
for	O
Grid	O
environments	O
and	O
set	O
up	O
Grid	O
specific	O
CERT	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
D-Grid	B-Application
project	O
office	O
:	O
The	O
work	O
package	O
is	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
integration	O
of	O
community	O
projects	O
into	O
one	O
common	O
D-Grid	B-Application
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Six	O
community	O
projects	O
participated	O
in	O
the	O
D-Grid	B-Application
Initiative	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
AstroGrid-D	B-Application
,	O
also	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
German	O
Astronomy	O
Community	O
Grid	O
(	O
GACG	O
)	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
joint	O
research	O
project	O
of	O
thirteen	O
astronomical	O
institutes	O
and	O
grid-oriented	O
computer	B-General_Concept
science	I-General_Concept
groups	O
,	O
supported	O
by	O
supercomputing	B-Architecture
centers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
objective	O
of	O
AstroGrid-D	B-Application
is	O
the	O
integration	O
of	O
German	O
research	O
facilities	O
into	O
a	O
unified	O
nationwide	O
research	O
infrastructure	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
of	O
astronomy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AstroGrid-D	B-Application
supports	O
the	O
standards	O
of	O
the	O
International	O
Virtual	O
Observatory	O
Alliance	O
(	O
IVOA	O
)	O
and	O
cooperates	O
closely	O
with	O
international	O
projects	O
on	O
grid	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
AstroGrid-D	B-Application
is	O
managed	O
by	O
the	O
Astrophysical	O
Institute	O
Potsdam	O
(	O
AIP	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
Collaborative	O
Climate	O
Community	O
Data	O
and	O
Processing	O
Grid	O
(	O
C3-Grid	B-Application
)	O
scientific	O
researchers	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
understand	O
the	O
earth	O
system	O
including	O
their	O
subsystems	O
like	O
oceans	O
,	O
atmosphere	O
and	O
biosphere	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
C3-Grid	B-Application
proposes	O
to	O
link	O
these	O
distributed	O
data	O
archives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
management	O
of	O
C3-Grid	B-Application
has	O
the	O
Alfred	O
Wegener	O
Institute	O
for	O
Polar	O
and	O
Marine	O
Research	O
(	O
AWI	O
)	O
in	O
Bremerhaven	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GIS	B-Application
and	O
SDI	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Distributed	O
geospatial	O
data	O
—	O
currently	O
accessed	O
via	O
standardized	O
GIS	B-Application
and	O
SDI	O
services	O
—	O
will	O
build	O
the	O
basis	O
for	O
this	O
endeavour	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Services	O
for	O
integration	O
,	O
processing	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
spatial	O
data	O
are	O
to	O
be	O
developed	O
and	O
implemented	O
within	O
the	O
D-Grid	B-Application
infrastructure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HEP-Grid	B-Application
Project	O
focused	O
on	O
High	O
Energy	O
Physics	O
,	O
Nuclear	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
Astroparticle	O
Physics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
task	O
of	O
HEP-Grid	B-Application
is	O
to	O
optimize	O
the	O
data	O
analysis	O
using	O
distributed	O
computing	O
and	O
storage	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
developments	O
are	O
extensions	O
to	O
the	O
grid	O
middleware	O
from	O
the	O
Enabling	O
Grids	O
for	O
E-scienceE	O
project	O
of	O
the	O
European	O
Grid	O
Infrastructure	O
and	O
Large	O
Hadron	O
Collider	O
(	O
LHC	O
)	O
Computing	B-Architecture
Grid	I-Architecture
(	O
LCG	O
)	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
the	O
HEP-Grid	B-Application
Deutsches	O
Elektronen	O
Synchrotron	O
(	O
DESY	O
)	O
,	O
"	O
German	O
Electron	O
Synchrotron	O
"	O
)	O
in	O
Hamburg	O
collaborates	O
with	O
eight	O
German	O
research	O
facilities	O
and	O
universities	O
and	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
associate	O
partners	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
InGrid	O
is	O
a	O
community	O
project	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
of	O
Grid	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
in	O
engineering	O
sciences	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
management	O
for	O
InGrid	O
is	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
High	B-Architecture
Performance	I-Architecture
Computing	I-Architecture
Center	O
(	O
Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum	O
)	O
Stuttgart	O
(	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
Stuttgart	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
joint	O
project	O
MediGRID	B-Application
unifies	O
research	O
institutes	O
in	O
medicine	O
,	O
biomedical	O
informatics	O
and	O
life	O
sciences	O
into	O
a	O
consortium	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
goal	O
of	O
MediGRID	B-Application
is	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
agGrid	O
middleware	O
integration	O
platform	O
enabling	O
eScience	O
services	O
for	O
biomedical	O
life	O
science	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Experiences	O
in	O
the	O
D-Grid	B-Application
projects	O
will	O
be	O
made	O
available	O
to	O
these	O
institutions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
,	O
SuGI	O
offers	O
own	O
training	O
courses	O
;	O
attends	O
to	O
external	O
courses	O
,	O
create	O
video	O
and	O
audio	O
recordings	O
and	O
provide	O
these	O
online	O
to	O
the	O
D-Grid	B-Application
communities	O
via	O
a	O
scaling	O
training	O
infrastructure	O
SuGI-Portal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
grid	O
technologies	O
were	O
developed	O
for	O
the	O
natural	O
and	O
the	O
life	O
sciences	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
opportunities	O
for	O
deploying	O
Grid	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
and	O
e-Science	O
concepts	O
in	O
other	O
areas	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ValueGrids	O
project	O
partners	O
are	O
:	O
SAP	B-Application
AG	I-Application
(	O
Coordinator	O
)	O
,	O
Conemis	O
AG	O
,	O
IBM	O
Deutschland	O
Research	O
&	O
Development	O
GmbH	O
,	O
University	O
of	O
Freiburg	O
and	O
the	O
Karlsruhe	O
Institute	O
of	O
Technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
partner	O
projects	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
D-Grid	B-Application
.	O
</s>
