<s>
A	B-General_Concept
country	B-General_Concept
code	I-General_Concept
is	O
a	B-General_Concept
short	O
alphanumeric	O
identification	O
code	O
for	O
countries	O
and	O
dependent	O
areas	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
primary	O
use	O
is	O
in	O
data	B-General_Concept
processing	I-General_Concept
and	O
communications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
country	B-General_Concept
code	I-General_Concept
frequently	O
refers	O
to	O
ISO	B-Language
3166-1	I-Language
alpha-2	I-Language
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
telephone	O
country	B-General_Concept
code	I-General_Concept
,	O
which	O
is	O
embodied	O
in	O
the	O
E.164	O
recommendation	O
by	O
the	O
International	O
Telecommunication	O
Union	O
(	O
ITU	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
standard	O
ISO	B-General_Concept
3166-1	I-General_Concept
defines	O
short	O
identification	O
codes	O
for	O
most	O
countries	O
and	O
dependent	O
areas	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
with	O
deviations	O
,	O
for	O
country	B-General_Concept
code	I-General_Concept
top-level	O
domain	O
names	O
(	O
ccTLDs	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
Internet	O
:	O
list	B-Application
of	I-Application
Internet	I-Application
TLDs	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
applications	O
are	O
defined	O
in	O
ISO	B-Language
3166-1	I-Language
alpha-2	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
telecommunication	O
,	O
a	B-General_Concept
country	B-General_Concept
code	I-General_Concept
,	O
or	O
international	O
subscriber	O
dialing	O
(	O
ISD	O
)	O
code	O
,	O
is	O
a	B-General_Concept
telephone	O
number	O
prefix	O
used	O
in	O
international	O
direct	O
dialing	O
(	O
IDD	O
)	O
and	O
for	O
destination	O
routing	O
of	O
telephone	O
calls	O
to	O
a	B-General_Concept
country	O
other	O
than	O
the	O
caller	O
's	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	B-General_Concept
country	O
or	O
region	O
with	O
an	O
autonomous	O
telephone	O
administration	O
must	O
apply	O
for	O
membership	O
in	O
the	O
International	O
Telecommunication	O
Union	O
(	O
ITU	O
)	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
international	O
public	O
switched	O
telephone	O
network	O
(	O
PSTN	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
County	O
codes	O
are	O
defined	O
by	O
the	O
ITU-T	O
section	O
of	O
the	O
ITU	O
in	O
standards	O
E.123	O
and	O
E.164	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Country	B-General_Concept
codes	I-General_Concept
constitute	O
the	O
international	O
telephone	O
numbering	O
plan	O
,	O
and	O
are	O
dialed	O
only	O
when	O
calling	O
a	B-General_Concept
telephone	O
number	O
in	O
another	O
country	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
International	O
calls	O
require	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
additional	O
prefix	O
to	O
be	O
dialing	O
before	O
the	O
country	B-General_Concept
code	I-General_Concept
,	O
to	O
connect	O
the	O
call	O
to	O
international	O
circuits	O
,	O
the	O
international	O
call	O
prefix	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
printing	O
telephone	O
numbers	O
this	O
is	O
indicated	O
by	O
a	B-General_Concept
plus-sign	O
( +	O
)	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
a	B-General_Concept
complete	O
international	O
telephone	O
number	O
,	O
per	O
recommendation	O
E164	O
by	O
the	O
ITU	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
then	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
used	O
the	O
ISO	B-Language
3166-1	I-Language
alpha-2	I-Language
code	O
,	O
but	O
with	O
two	O
modifications	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Federal	O
Information	O
Processing	O
Standard	O
(	O
FIPS	O
)	O
10-4	O
defined	O
two-letter	O
codes	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
U.S.	O
government	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
CIA	O
World	O
Factbook	O
:	O
list	B-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
FIPS	I-General_Concept
country	I-General_Concept
codes	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
2	O
,	O
2008	O
,	O
FIPS	O
10-4	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
ten	O
standards	O
withdrawn	O
by	O
NIST	O
as	O
a	B-General_Concept
Federal	O
Information	O
Processing	O
Standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Bureau	O
of	O
Transportation	O
Statistics	O
,	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
Department	O
of	O
Transportation	O
(	O
US	O
DOT	O
)	O
,	O
maintains	O
its	O
own	O
list	O
of	O
codes	O
,	O
so-called	O
World	B-General_Concept
Area	I-General_Concept
Codes	I-General_Concept
(	O
WAC	O
)	O
,	O
for	O
state	O
and	O
country	B-General_Concept
codes	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
the	O
International	B-General_Concept
Civil	I-General_Concept
Aviation	I-General_Concept
Organization	I-General_Concept
(	O
ICAO	O
)	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
the	O
E.212	O
mobile	B-General_Concept
country	I-General_Concept
codes	I-General_Concept
(	O
MCC	O
)	O
,	O
for	O
mobile/wireless	O
phone	O
addresses	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
ITU	B-General_Concept
letter	I-General_Concept
codes	I-General_Concept
for	O
member-countries	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
Diplomatic	O
license	O
plates	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
assigned	O
by	O
the	O
U.S.	O
State	O
Department	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
North	O
Atlantic	O
Treaty	O
Organization	O
(	O
NATO	O
)	O
used	O
two-letter	O
codes	O
of	O
its	O
own	O
:	O
list	B-General_Concept
of	I-General_Concept
NATO	I-General_Concept
country	I-General_Concept
codes	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
initial	O
digits	O
of	O
International	B-Library
Standard	I-Library
Book	I-Library
Numbers	I-Library
(	O
ISBN	B-Library
)	O
are	O
group	O
identifiers	O
for	O
countries	O
,	O
areas	O
,	O
or	O
language	O
regions	O
.	O
</s>
