<s>
The	O
Computing	B-Device
for	I-Device
All	I-Device
plan	O
(	O
Plan	O
Informatique	O
pour	O
Tous	O
-	O
IPT	O
)	O
was	O
a	O
French	O
government	O
plan	O
to	O
introduce	O
computers	O
to	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
11	O
million	O
pupils	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
followed	O
several	O
introductory	O
computer	B-General_Concept
science	I-General_Concept
programs	O
in	O
schools	O
since	O
1971	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
selection	O
of	O
industry	O
partners	O
was	O
entrusted	O
to	O
Gilbert	O
Trigano	O
,	O
co-founder	O
of	O
Club	O
Méditerranée	O
,	O
connected	O
with	O
French	O
companies	O
such	O
as	O
Exelvision	B-Device
,	O
Léanord	O
,	O
SMT	O
Goupil	O
,	O
Thomson	B-Device
,	O
Bull	O
,	O
LogAbax	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
choice	O
was	O
political	O
because	O
its	O
initiator	O
,	O
Jean-Jacques	O
Servan-Schreiber	O
,	O
had	O
indicated	O
his	O
preference	O
for	O
Macintosh	B-Device
,	O
which	O
would	O
be	O
specially	O
modified	O
for	O
the	O
plan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
But	O
instead	O
Thomson	B-Device
,	O
a	O
nationalized	O
company	O
in	O
difficulty	O
,	O
was	O
chosen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Computing	B-Device
for	I-Device
All	I-Device
plan	O
popularized	O
the	O
Nanoréseau	B-Device
:	O
a	O
RS422	O
based	O
computer	B-Architecture
network	I-Architecture
of	O
modest	O
size	O
(	O
up	O
to	O
32	O
workstations	B-Device
,	O
at	O
500	O
kbit/s	O
)	O
which	O
included	O
nano-machines	O
(	O
Thomson	B-Device
MO5	I-Device
,	O
Thomson	B-Device
TO7/70	I-Device
or	O
Thomson	B-Device
MO5NR	I-Device
)	O
and	O
a	O
PC	O
compatible	O
server	B-Application
(	O
most	O
often	O
a	O
Bull	O
Micral	O
30	O
,	O
but	O
Goupil	O
3	O
,	O
Léanord	O
Sil'z	O
16	O
,	O
LogAbax	B-Operating_System
Persona	I-Operating_System
1600	I-Operating_System
and	O
CSEE	O
150	O
were	O
also	O
used	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PC	O
was	O
equipped	O
with	O
two	O
5¼	O
inch	O
floppy	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drives	I-Device
,	O
one	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
(	O
MS-DOS	O
2.11	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
other	O
with	O
data	O
for	O
the	O
Thomsons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
server	B-Application
also	O
gave	O
access	O
to	O
a	O
shared	O
printer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
later	O
version	O
(	O
NR33	O
)	O
allowed	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
by	O
installing	O
the	O
whole	O
system	O
;	O
this	O
allowed	O
a	O
much	O
faster	O
start	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
the	O
machines	O
could	O
be	O
controlled	O
remotely	O
(	O
the	O
server	B-Application
in	O
particular	O
thanks	O
to	O
the	O
NR-DOS	O
system	O
)	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
possible	O
to	O
recover	O
a	O
copy	O
of	O
any	O
portion	O
of	O
their	O
memory	O
remotely	O
by	O
an	O
operation	O
called	O
"	O
station	O
looting	O
"	O
(	O
command	O
CLONE	O
in	O
BASIC	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Plan	O
was	O
entirely	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Nanoréseau	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Designed	O
with	O
the	O
first	O
16-bit	B-Device
Bull	O
Micral	O
PCs	O
as	O
the	O
network	O
head	O
,	O
the	O
Nanoréseau	B-Device
was	O
a	O
computer	O
and	O
educational	O
success	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unfortunately	O
,	O
the	O
choice	O
of	O
Thomson	B-Device
's	O
MO5	O
8-bit	O
terminals	O
was	O
problematic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Intended	O
to	O
develop	O
the	O
French	O
IT	B-General_Concept
sector	I-General_Concept
based	O
on	O
the	O
LSE	B-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
Minitel	B-Application
and	O
light	B-Device
pen	I-Device
,	O
these	O
solutions	O
did	O
n't	O
become	O
mainstream	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
plan	O
allowed	O
a	O
first	O
access	O
to	O
computers	O
for	O
many	O
students	O
and	O
their	O
teachers	O
,	O
a	O
first	O
approach	O
to	O
programming	O
(	O
in	O
BASIC	O
or	O
in	O
Logo	B-Device
)	O
and	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
computer	O
with	O
light	B-Device
pen	I-Device
(	O
mouse	O
was	O
uncommon	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
abandon	O
of	O
computer	O
production	O
by	O
Thomson	B-Device
in	O
1989	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
plan	O
.	O
</s>
