<s>
This	O
is	O
an	O
incomplete	O
list	B-Application
of	I-Application
assemblers	I-Application
:	O
computer	B-Application
programs	I-Application
that	O
translate	O
assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
source	O
code	O
into	O
binary	O
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
assemblers	B-Language
are	O
components	O
of	O
a	O
compiler	O
system	O
for	O
a	O
high	O
level	O
language	O
and	O
may	O
have	O
limited	O
or	O
no	O
usable	O
functionality	O
outside	O
of	O
the	O
compiler	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
assemblers	B-Language
are	O
hosted	O
on	O
the	O
target	O
processor	O
and	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
while	O
other	O
assemblers	B-Language
(	O
cross-assemblers	O
)	O
may	O
run	O
under	O
an	O
unrelated	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
or	O
processor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
assemblers	B-Language
for	O
embedded	B-Architecture
systems	I-Architecture
are	O
not	O
usually	O
hosted	O
on	O
the	O
target	O
system	O
since	O
it	O
would	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
storage	O
and	O
terminal	O
I/O	O
to	O
permit	O
entry	O
of	O
a	O
program	O
from	O
a	O
keyboard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
assembler	B-Language
may	O
have	O
a	O
single	O
target	O
processor	O
or	O
may	O
have	O
options	O
to	O
support	O
multiple	O
processor	O
types	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Very	O
simple	O
assemblers	B-Language
may	O
lack	O
features	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
macros	O
,	O
present	O
in	O
more	O
powerful	O
versions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNU	B-Application
Assembler	I-Application
(	O
GAS	B-Application
)	O
:	O
GPL	B-License
:	O
many	O
target	O
instruction	B-General_Concept
sets	I-General_Concept
,	O
including	O
ARM	B-Architecture
architecture	I-Architecture
,	O
Atmel	B-Architecture
AVR	I-Architecture
,	O
x86	B-Operating_System
,	O
x86-64	B-Device
,	O
Freescale	B-Device
68HC11	I-Device
,	O
Freescale	B-Device
v4e	I-Device
,	O
Motorola	B-Device
680x0	I-Device
,	O
MIPS	B-Device
,	O
PowerPC	B-Architecture
,	O
IBM	B-Device
System	I-Device
z	I-Device
,	O
TI	B-Architecture
MSP430	I-Architecture
,	O
Zilog	B-General_Concept
Z80	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
SDAS	O
(	O
fork	O
of	O
ASxxxx	O
Cross	O
Assemblers	B-Language
and	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Small	B-Application
Device	I-Application
C	I-Application
Compiler	I-Application
project	O
)	O
:	O
GPL	B-License
:	O
several	O
target	O
instruction	B-General_Concept
sets	I-General_Concept
including	O
Intel	B-Architecture
8051	I-Architecture
,	O
Zilog	B-General_Concept
Z80	I-General_Concept
,	O
Freescale	B-Device
68HC08	I-Device
,	O
PIC	B-Architecture
microcontroller	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Device
Amsterdam	I-Device
Compiler	I-Device
Kit	I-Device
(	O
ACK	B-Device
)	O
targets	O
many	O
architectures	O
of	O
the	O
1980s	O
,	O
including	O
6502	B-General_Concept
,	O
6800	B-Device
,	O
680x0	B-Device
,	O
ARM	B-Architecture
,	O
x86	B-Operating_System
,	O
Zilog	B-General_Concept
Z80	I-General_Concept
and	O
Z8000	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
LLVM	B-Application
targets	O
many	O
platforms	B-Device
,	O
however	O
its	O
main	O
focus	O
is	O
not	O
machine-dependent	O
code	O
generation	O
;	O
instead	O
a	O
more	O
high-level	O
typed	B-Language
assembly-like	O
intermediate	O
representation	O
is	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nevertheless	O
for	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
targets	O
the	O
LLVM	B-Application
MC	O
(	O
machine	O
code	O
)	O
project	O
provides	O
an	O
assembler	B-Language
both	O
as	O
an	O
integrated	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
compilers	O
and	O
as	O
an	O
external	O
tool	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
other	O
self-hosted	O
native-targeted	O
language	O
implementations	O
(	O
like	O
Go	B-Application
,	O
Free	B-Operating_System
Pascal	I-Operating_System
,	O
SBCL	B-Language
)	O
have	O
their	O
own	O
assemblers	B-Language
with	O
multiple	O
targets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
inline	B-Language
assembly	I-Language
inside	O
the	O
language	O
,	O
or	O
even	O
included	O
as	O
a	O
library	O
,	O
but	O
are	O
n't	O
always	O
suitable	O
for	O
being	O
used	O
outside	O
of	O
their	O
framework	O
-	O
no	O
command-line	O
tool	O
exists	O
,	O
or	O
only	O
the	O
intermediate	O
representation	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
their	O
input	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
set	O
of	O
supported	O
targets	O
is	O
very	O
limited	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Assembler	B-Language
Developer	O
FOSS	B-License
License	B-License
Instruction	B-General_Concept
set	I-General_Concept
Host	O
platform	B-Device
Assembly	B-Language
Language	I-Language
for	O
Multics	B-Application
(	O
ALM	O
)	O
GE-645Honeywell	O
6180	O
GE-645Honeywell	O
6180	O
705	O
Autocoder	B-Device
IBM	O
IBM	B-Device
705	I-Device
1410/7010	O
OS	O
Autocoder	B-Device
IBM	O
IBM	O
14107010	O
IBM	B-Device
1410	I-Device
Processor	O
Operating	O
System(1410-PR-155 )	O
7070/7074	O
Autocoder	B-Device
IBM	O
IBM	O
7070IBM	O
70727074	O
7080	O
Autocoder	B-Device
III	O
IBM	O
IBM	B-Device
7080	I-Device
IBM	O
7058	O
ProcessorCOMPASS	O
Control	O
Data	O
Corporation	O
CDC	O
lower	O
3000	O
series	O
CDC	O
MASTERMSOSRTS	O
OSSCOPECOMPASS	O
Control	O
Data	O
Corporation	O
CDC	O
upper	O
3000	O
series	O
CDC	O
SCOPECOMPASS	O
Control	O
Data	O
Corporation	O
CDC	B-Device
6000	I-Device
series7600Cyber	O
70	O
,	O
170	O
CDC	O
KronosNOSNOS/BESCOPE	O
Fortran	O
Assembly	O
Program	O
(	O
FAP	O
)	O
IBM	B-Device
709	I-Device
,	O
704x	B-Device
,	O
709x	B-Device
Fortran	O
Monitor	O
System	O
,	O
IBSYS	B-Operating_System
GCOS	B-Application
Macro	B-Operating_System
Assembly	I-Operating_System
Program	I-Operating_System
(	O
GMAP	O
)	O
GE-600	B-Device
series	I-Device
,	O
Honeywell	B-Device
6000	I-Device
series	I-Device
GCOS	B-Application
Macro	B-Operating_System
Assembly	I-Operating_System
Program	I-Operating_System
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
IBM	B-Device
709	I-Device
,	O
704x	B-Device
,	O
709x	B-Device
IBSYS/IBJOB	B-Operating_System
on	O
709	O
,	O
704x	B-Device
,	O
709x	B-Device
Symbolic	B-Language
Assembly	I-Language
Program	I-Language
(	O
SAP	O
)	O
IBM	B-Device
704	I-Device
IBM	B-Device
704	I-Device
IBM	O
Basic	O
Assembly	B-Language
Language	I-Language
(	O
BAL	O
)	O
IBM	O
IBM	B-Application
System/360	I-Application
IBM	B-Application
BPS/360	I-Application
ASSIST	B-Application
Penn	O
State	O
University	O
Public	O
Domain	O
IBM	B-Application
System/360	I-Application
MVS	B-Application
UNIVAC	O
VS/9	O
Assembler	B-Language
Unisys	O
Univac	O
9060	O
and	O
9070	O
(	O
Similar	O
to	O
IBM	B-Device
System/370	I-Device
)	O
VS/9	O
BS2000	B-Application
Assembler	B-Language
H	O
Fujitsu	O
Fujitsu	O
Technology	O
Series	O
SE	O
(	O
Similar	O
to	O
IBM	B-Device
System/370	I-Device
)	O
BS2000	B-Application
z390	O
Portable	O
Mainframe	O
Assembler	B-Language
Don	O
Higgins	O
Simulated	O
IBM	B-Device
System/370	I-Device
Simulated	O
MVS	B-Application
IBM	B-Device
High-Level	I-Device
Assembler	I-Device
(	O
HLASM	B-Device
)	O
IBM	O
IBM	B-Device
System/370	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Assembler	B-Language
Developer	O
Operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
FOSS	B-License
License	B-License
Development	O
active	O
A86/A386	B-Application
Eric	O
Isaacson	O
Windows	B-Application
,	O
DOS	B-Device
ACK	B-Device
Andrew	O
Tanenbaum	O
,	O
Ceriel	O
Jacobs	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
MINIX	B-Operating_System
,	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
1985-	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
IBM	B-Application
ALP	I-Application
IBM	B-Application
OS/2	I-Application
AT&T	O
AT&T	B-Operating_System
Unix	I-Operating_System
System	B-Operating_System
V	I-Operating_System
Digital	O
Research	O
ASM86	O
Digital	B-Application
Research	I-Application
CP/M	I-Application
-86	O
,	O
DOS	B-Device
,	O
Intel	O
's	O
ISIS	B-Operating_System
and	O
iRMX	B-Operating_System
FASM	B-Application
Tomasz	O
Grysztar	O
Windows	B-Application
,	O
DOS	B-Device
,	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
GAS	B-Application
GNU	B-Application
Project	I-Application
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
,	O
Windows	B-Application
,	O
DOS	B-Device
,	O
OS/2	B-Application
HLA	B-Application
Randall	O
Hyde	O
Windows	B-Application
,	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
macOS	B-Application
Open	O
Watcom	O
Assembler( HJWASM	O
a.k.a.	O
</s>
<s>
UASM	O
,	O
JWASM	B-Application
,	O
WASM	B-Application
)	O
Watcom	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
Windows	B-Application
,	O
DOS	B-Device
,	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
,	O
OS/2	B-Application
approved	O
by	O
OSI	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
by	O
FSF	B-Operating_System
MASM	B-Application
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
,	O
DOS	B-Device
,	O
OS/2	B-Application
NASM	B-Application
Simon	O
Tatham	O
,	O
Julian	O
Hall	O
,	O
Hans	O
Peter	O
Anvin	O
,	O
et	O
al	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Part	O
of	O
the	O
MINIX	B-Application
3	I-Application
source	O
tree	O
,	O
but	O
without	O
obvious	O
development	O
activity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Developed	O
by	O
Interactive	B-Operating_System
Systems	I-Operating_System
Corporation	I-Operating_System
in	O
1986	O
when	O
they	O
ported	O
UNIX	B-Operating_System
System	I-Operating_System
V	I-Operating_System
to	O
Intel	O
iAPX286	O
and	O
80386	O
architectures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Archetypical	O
of	O
ATT	O
syntax	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
used	O
as	O
reference	O
for	O
GAS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Still	O
used	O
for	O
The	O
SCO	O
Group	O
's	O
products	O
,	O
UnixWare	B-Operating_System
and	O
OpenServer	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
offered	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
FreeBSD	B-Application
Ports	I-Application
,	O
in	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
at	O
MIT	B-License
as	O
a	O
cross-assembler	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
picked	O
up	O
by	O
Interactive	B-Operating_System
Systems	I-Operating_System
Corporation	I-Operating_System
in	O
1983	O
when	O
they	O
developed	O
PC/IX	O
under	O
IBM	O
contract	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
syntax	O
was	O
as	O
base	O
for	O
ACK	B-Device
assembler	B-Language
,	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
MINIX	B-Operating_System
1.x	O
toolchain	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Part	O
of	O
the	O
C++Builder	B-Language
Tool	O
Chain	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
sold	O
as	O
a	O
stand-alone	O
product	O
,	O
or	O
marketed	O
since	O
the	O
CodeGear	O
spin-off	O
;	O
Borland	O
was	O
still	O
selling	O
it	O
until	O
then	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Turbo	B-Application
Assembler	I-Application
was	O
developed	O
as	O
Turbo	O
Editasm	O
by	O
Uriah	O
Barnett	O
from	O
Speedware	O
Inc	O
(	O
Sacramento	O
,	O
CA	O
)	O
between	O
1984	O
and	O
1987	O
,	O
then	O
later	O
sold	O
to	O
,	O
or	O
marketed	O
by	O
,	O
Borland	O
as	O
their	O
Turbo	B-Application
Assembler	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Assembler	B-Language
Developer	O
FOSS	B-License
License	B-License
Instruction	B-General_Concept
set	I-General_Concept
Host	O
platform	B-Device
Autocoder	B-Device
IBM	O
IBM	B-Device
1400	I-Device
series	I-Device
IBM	B-Device
1401	I-Device
,	O
1440	O
,	O
1460	O
Babbage	B-Device
GEC	B-Device
4000	I-Device
series	I-Device
GEC	B-Device
4000	I-Device
series	I-Device
City	O
&	O
Guilds	O
Mnemonic	O
Code	O
City	O
and	O
Guilds	O
of	O
London	O
Institute	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
City	O
&	O
Guilds	O
Computer	O
ICL	B-Device
1900	I-Device
,	O
Elliot	O
900	O
MACRO-10	B-Language
Digital	O
Equipment	O
Corporation	O
PDP-10	B-Device
PDP-10	B-Device
MACRO-11	B-Device
Digital	O
Equipment	O
Corporation	O
PDP-11	B-Device
PDP-11	B-Device
VAX	B-Language
MACRO	I-Language
Digital	O
Equipment	O
Corporation	O
VAX	O
ISA	O
,	O
Alpha	O
OpenVMS	B-Operating_System
VASM	O
Volker	O
Barthelmann	O
,	O
Frank	O
Wille	O
Zilog	B-General_Concept
Z80	I-General_Concept
,	O
Motorola	B-Device
6800	I-Device
family	I-Device
various	O
GPASM	B-Language
James	O
Bowman	O
,	O
Craig	O
Franklin	O
,	O
David	O
Barnett	O
PIC	B-Architecture
microcontroller	I-Architecture
many	O
MIPS	B-Device
MIPS	B-Device
MIPS	B-Device
Symbolic	B-Application
Optimal	I-Application
Assembly	I-Application
Program	I-Application
(	O
SOAP	O
)	O
IBM	O
IBM	B-Device
650	I-Device
IBM	B-Device
650	I-Device
Technical	O
Assembly	O
System	O
(	O
TASS	O
)	O
IBM	B-Device
650	I-Device
IBM	B-Device
650	I-Device
Symbolic	B-Language
Programming	I-Language
System	I-Language
(	O
SPS	O
)	O
SPS	O
is	O
actually	O
a	O
family	O
of	O
assemblers	B-Language
for	O
disparate	O
machines	O
.	O
</s>
