<s>
Commodore	O
64	O
disk/tape	O
emulation	O
and	O
data	O
transfer	O
comprises	O
hardware	O
and	O
software	O
for	O
Commodore	O
64	O
disk	O
&	O
tape	O
emulation	O
and	O
for	O
data	O
transfer	O
between	O
either	O
Commodore	O
64	O
(	O
C64	O
)	O
,	O
Commodore	O
(	O
1541	B-Device
)	O
disk	O
drive	O
or	O
Commodore	O
(	O
1530	B-Device
Datasette	I-Device
)	O
tape	O
deck	O
and	O
newer	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
of	O
the	O
adapters	O
interface	O
with	O
the	O
original	O
serial	B-Protocol
bus	I-Protocol
disk	O
drive	O
plug	O
or	O
the	O
C2N	B-Device
tape	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
widespread	O
adapters	O
were	O
probably	O
the	O
different	O
disk	O
drive	O
and	O
printer	O
plug	O
C64	O
serial	B-Protocol
bus	I-Protocol
to	O
parallel	B-Device
port	I-Device
adapter	O
that	O
evolved	O
for	O
transferring	O
data	O
between	O
disk	O
drives	O
and	O
parallel	B-Device
port	I-Device
supplied	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
exist	O
C64	O
expansion	O
port	O
adapters	O
that	O
support	O
both	O
hard	B-Device
disks	I-Device
,	O
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
,	O
USB-disks	O
and	O
Ethernet	O
connections	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
section	O
comprises	O
software	O
for	O
emulating	O
the	O
1541	B-Device
disk	O
drive	O
or	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1530	I-Device
Datasette	I-Device
tape	O
deck	O
on	O
external	O
computers	O
,	O
making	O
them	O
available	O
to	O
a	O
physical	O
Commodore	O
64	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Remote	O
software	O
Remote	O
OS	O
Remote	O
interface	O
C64	O
software	O
C64	O
emulation	O
mode	O
Compatible	O
Hardware	O
1541-III	O
firmware	O
-	O
-	O
Disk	O
1541-III	O
1541EMU	O
MS-DOS	O
GUI	O
no	O
Disk	O
,	O
Fastload	O
1541EMU	O
1541Ultimate	O
firmware	O
-	O
menu	O
Disk	O
,	O
Fastload	O
,	O
Tape***	O
,	O
Turbotape***	O
1541U-I	O
,	O
1541U-II	O
64HDD	O
MS-DOS	O
GUI	O
no	O
Disk	O
X1541	O
,	O
Power-Loader	O
C2N	B-Device
Windows	O
(	O
Command	O
)	O
,	O
Linux	O
,	O
MS-DOS	O
,	O
AmigaOS	O
text	O
no	O
Tape	O
,	O
Turbotape	O
C2N232	O
C2NLOAD	O
Windows	O
(	O
Command	O
)	O
,	O
Linux	O
,	O
MS-DOS	O
,	O
AmigaOS	O
text	O
no	O
Turbotape	O
C2N232	O
CMBLINK	O
Windows	O
(	O
Command	O
)	O
,	O
Linux	O
,	O
MS-DOS	O
,	O
AmigaOS	O
text	O
no/yes	O
*	O
,	O
**	O
Tape	O
C2N232	O
,	O
X1541	O
,	O
PC64	O
IEC-ATA	O
firmware	O
-	O
-	O
Disk	O
IEC-ATA	O
MMC2IEC	O
firmware	O
-	O
-	O
Disk	O
MMC2IEC	O
Over5	O
Windows	O
98	O
,	O
Linux	O
,	O
MS-DOS	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
***	O
The	O
1541	B-Device
Ultimate	O
II	O
have	O
special	O
adapters	O
to	O
support	O
TAPE	O
emulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
section	O
comprises	O
software	O
for	O
transferring	O
files	O
and	O
images	O
between	O
the	O
1541	B-Device
disk	O
drive	O
or	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1530	I-Device
Datasette	I-Device
tape	O
deck	O
and	O
an	O
external	O
computer	O
different	O
from	O
the	O
Commodore	O
64	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
table	O
addresses	O
hardware	O
for	O
connecting	O
the	O
Commodore	O
64	O
,	O
the	O
1541	B-Device
disk	O
drive	O
or	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1530	I-Device
Datasette	I-Device
tape	O
deck	O
to	O
external	O
computers	O
,	O
data	O
storage	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
disks	O
and	O
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
)	O
or	O
the	O
Internet	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hardware	O
TypeCable	O
:	O
Wires	O
and	O
plugs	O
only	O
,	O
Connector	O
:	O
Wires	O
,	O
plugs	O
and	O
simple	O
components	O
,	O
Adapter	O
/	O
Cartridge	O
:	O
PCB	O
with	O
standard	O
and	O
or	O
programmable	O
components	O
C64	O
interface	O
1541	B-Device
/	O
C2N	B-Device
interface	O
Remote	O
interface	O
Compatible	O
software	O
1541-III	O
Adapter	O
Disk	B-Protocol
connector	I-Protocol
SD	O
card	O
,	O
MMC	O
card	O
firmware	O
1541EMU	O
Connector	O
Disk	O
connectorDisk	O
connector	O
interfaces	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Disk	O
Parallel	O
,	O
game	O
port	O
1541EMU	O
1541U-I	O
Cartridge	O
Expansion	O
port	O
,	O
disk	B-Protocol
connector	I-Protocol
SD	O
card	O
,	O
MMC	O
card	O
firmware	O
1541U-II	O
Cartridge	O
Expansion	O
port	O
,	O
disk	B-Protocol
connector	I-Protocol
,	O
TAPE	O
adapter	O
MicroSD	O
card	O
,	O
USB	O
flash	O
drive	O
,	O
Ethernet	O
,	O
TAPE	O
adapter	O
Integrated	O
64NET	O
Cable	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
Full	O
emulation	O
of	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
disk	O
drive	O
or	O
Commodore	B-Device
1530	I-Device
datasette	I-Device
is	O
required	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
to	O
support	O
fast	B-Device
loaders	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Software	O
that	O
supports	O
the	O
basic	O
transfer	O
protocols	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
load	O
and	O
save	O
,	O
will	O
not	O
support	O
fast	B-Device
loaders	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
1541EMU	O
emulates	O
the	O
internal	O
hardware	O
of	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
disk	O
drive	O
on	O
a	O
host	O
computer	O
and	O
supports	O
the	O
1541EMU	O
cable	O
only	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
realtime	O
requirements	O
for	O
emulating	O
the	O
1541	B-Device
disk	O
drive	O
are	O
exceptionally	O
hard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
1541	B-Device
Ultimate	O
firmware	O
completely	O
emulates	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
disk	O
drive	O
on	O
the	O
1541U-I	O
cartridge	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
disk	B-Protocol
connector	I-Protocol
output	O
on	O
the	O
cartridge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
allows	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
disk	O
content	O
on	O
memory	B-Device
cards	I-Device
(	O
I	O
)	O
and	O
USB-disks	O
(	O
II	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
selected	O
disk	O
can	O
be	O
downloaded	O
either	O
through	O
an	O
accurate	O
1541	B-Device
on-board	O
emulation	O
(	O
II	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Chameleon	O
firmware	O
completely	O
emulates	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
disk	O
drive	O
on	O
the	O
Turbo	O
Chameleon	O
64	O
cartridge	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
disk	B-Protocol
connector	I-Protocol
output	O
on	O
the	O
cartridge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
64HDD	O
is	O
a	O
serial	B-Protocol
bus	I-Protocol
and	O
disk	O
drive	O
emulator	O
,	O
developed	O
in	O
1999-2010	O
by	O
Nicholas	O
Coplin	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
MMC2IEC	O
firmware	O
provides	O
emulation	O
of	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
disk	O
drive	O
on	O
the	O
MMC2IEC	O
adapter	O
,	O
providing	O
access	O
to	O
a	O
MMC	O
memory	B-Device
card	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
supports	O
many	O
fast	B-Device
loaders	I-Device
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
disk	O
drive	O
emulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
uIEC	O
firmware	O
provides	O
emulation	O
of	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
disk	O
drive	O
on	O
the	O
uIEC	O
adapter	O
,	O
providing	O
access	O
to	O
either	O
an	O
IDE	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
,	O
a	O
CF	O
memory	B-Device
card	I-Device
or	O
a	O
SD	O
memory	B-Device
card	I-Device
,	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
version	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
superseded	O
by	O
a	O
port	O
of	O
the	O
sd2iec	O
firmware	O
to	O
the	O
uIEC	O
hardware	O
in	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
VC1541	O
is	O
a	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
serial	O
protocol	O
emulator	O
developed	O
in	O
1997-1998	O
by	O
Torsten	O
Paul	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
works	O
in	O
two	O
different	O
ways	O
,	O
either	O
using	O
the	O
C64	O
as	O
a	O
server	O
to	O
the	O
host	O
for	O
accessing	O
floppy	O
disks	O
or	O
using	O
the	O
host	O
as	O
a	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
server	O
for	O
the	O
C64	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
V-1541	O
is	O
a	O
program	O
that	O
replaces	O
the	O
standard	O
LOAD	O
and	O
SAVE	O
operations	O
on	O
a	O
Commodore	O
64	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
V-1541	O
program	O
allows	O
your	O
Commodore	O
64	O
computer	O
to	O
access	O
files	O
and	O
other	O
content	O
on	O
the	O
Internet	O
at	O
CommodoreServer.com	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
C64S	O
(	O
C64	O
Software	O
Emulator	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
Commodore	O
64	O
emulator	O
that	O
supports	O
transfer	O
to/from	O
a	O
1541	B-Device
disk	O
drive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
OpenCBM	O
allows	O
for	O
access	O
to	O
a	O
VIC	O
1540	O
,	O
1541	B-Device
,	O
1570	O
,	O
1571	O
,	O
or	O
even	O
1581	O
floppy	O
drive	O
from	O
the	O
PC	O
on	O
Windows	O
NT	O
,	O
2000	O
and	O
XP	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Personal	O
C64	O
is	O
a	O
Commodore	O
64	O
emulator	O
that	O
supports	O
transfer	O
to/from	O
1541	B-Device
disk	O
drive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Star	O
Commander	O
copies	O
files	O
and	O
disks	O
between	O
a	O
PC	O
and	O
the	O
Commodore	O
1541/1570/1571/1581	O
drive	O
,	O
optionally	O
using	O
fast	B-Device
loader	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
C2N	B-Device
fully	O
emulates	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1530	I-Device
via	O
the	O
C2N232	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
C2N	B-Device
was	O
developed	O
in	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
C2NLOAD	O
first	O
provides	O
a	O
turbo	O
tape	O
over	O
the	O
standard	O
Commodore	B-Device
1530	I-Device
datasette	I-Device
Load	O
routine	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
automatically	O
loads	O
the	O
requested	O
program	O
file	O
at	O
38.400	O
bit/s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
mtap	O
&	O
ptap	O
are	O
MS-DOS	O
tools	O
for	O
creating	O
real	O
tape	O
files	O
(	O
.TAP	O
files	O
)	O
from	O
original	O
C64	O
,	O
VIC-20	O
and	O
C16	O
tapes	O
using	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
Datasette	I-Device
,	O
and	O
for	O
playing	O
back	O
.TAP	O
files	O
to	O
real	O
tapes	O
for	O
use	O
with	O
an	O
actual	O
Commodore	O
64	O
machine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
C64S	O
tape	O
adapter	O
lets	O
you	O
connect	O
your	O
tape	O
deck	O
to	O
a	O
PC	O
parallel	B-Device
port	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Cassadapt	O
tape	O
adapter	O
allows	O
to	O
convert	O
tape	O
programs	O
(	O
T64	O
and	O
PRG	O
)	O
from	O
a	O
PC	O
to	O
either	O
the	O
Commodore	O
64	O
or	O
a	O
C2N	B-Device
tape	O
deck	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
1541-III	O
is	O
a	O
PIC	O
microcontroller	O
controlling	O
a	O
MMC/SD	O
card	O
with	O
.D64	O
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
does	O
however	O
NOT	O
support	O
fastloaders	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
1541EMU	O
cable	O
hardware	O
supports	O
full	O
emulation	O
of	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
disk	O
drive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
1541U-I	O
(	O
and	O
1541U-II	O
)	O
emulates	O
a	O
1541	B-Device
disk	O
drive	O
for	O
Commodore	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
selected	O
disk	O
can	O
be	O
downloaded	O
either	O
through	O
the	O
fully	O
compatible	O
1541	B-Device
interface	O
or	O
through	O
a	O
faster	O
but	O
less	O
compatible	O
proprietary	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
/	O
)	O
copying	O
to	O
and	O
from	O
the	O
Commodore	B-Device
1541	I-Device
disk	O
drive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
realtime	O
requirements	O
for	O
emulating	O
the	O
1541	B-Device
disk	O
drive	O
are	O
exceptionally	O
hard	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
cable	O
flavors	O
have	O
been	O
constructed	O
to	O
improve	O
compatibility	O
with	O
multi-tasking	O
systems	O
and	O
faster	O
PCs	O
than	O
the	O
Pentium	O
to	O
some	O
degree	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XU1541	O
adapter	O
(	O
beta	O
)	O
attaches	O
a	O
1541	B-Device
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
1541Ultimate-II	O
emulates	O
a	O
1541	B-Device
disk	O
drive	O
for	O
Commodore	O
computers	O
on	O
a	O
cartridge	O
,	O
using	O
MicroSD	O
or	O
USB	O
disks	O
to	O
store	O
virtual	O
floppy	O
disks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Disk	B-Protocol
connector	I-Protocol
for	O
fully	O
compatibility	O
is	O
integrated	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
yet	O
supported	O
in	O
software	O
(	O
as	O
for	O
the	O
1541U-I	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
