<s>
The	O
United	O
States	O
Army	O
's	O
Command	B-Protocol
Post	I-Protocol
of	I-Protocol
the	I-Protocol
Future	I-Protocol
(	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
)	O
is	O
a	O
C2	O
software	O
system	O
that	O
allows	O
commanders	O
to	O
maintain	O
topsight	O
over	O
the	O
battlefield	O
;	O
collaborate	O
with	O
superiors	O
,	O
peers	O
and	O
subordinates	O
over	O
live	O
data	O
;	O
and	O
communicate	O
their	O
intent	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Originally	O
a	O
DARPA	O
technology	O
demonstration	O
,	O
in	O
2006	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
became	O
an	O
Army	O
Program	O
of	O
Record	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
prime	O
contractor	O
on	O
the	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
program	O
is	O
General	O
Dynamics	O
C4	O
Systems	O
,	O
which	O
purchased	O
the	O
original	O
developer	O
of	O
the	O
software	O
(	O
MAYA	O
Viz	O
Ltd	O
)	O
in	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPOF	B-Protocol
began	O
as	O
a	O
DARPA	O
investigation	O
to	O
improve	O
mission	O
command	O
using	O
networked	O
information	B-Application
visualization	I-Application
systems	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
doubling	O
the	O
speed	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
command	O
decisions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPOF	B-Protocol
is	O
one	O
of	O
several	B-Protocol
examples	I-Protocol
of	O
collaborative	B-Application
software	I-Application
,	O
but	O
intended	O
specifically	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
a	O
mission	O
command	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
shared	O
workspace	O
is	O
the	O
main	O
interface	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
every	O
interface	O
element	O
in	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
is	O
a	O
shared	O
piece	O
of	O
data	O
in	O
a	O
networked	O
repository	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Shared	O
visual	O
elements	O
in	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
include	O
iconic	O
representations	O
of	O
hard	O
data	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
units	O
,	O
events	O
,	O
and	O
tasks	O
;	O
visualization	O
frameworks	O
such	O
as	O
maps	O
or	O
schedule	O
charts	O
on	O
which	O
those	O
icons	O
appear	O
;	O
and	O
brush-marks	O
,	O
ink-strokes	O
,	O
highlighting	O
,	O
notes	O
and	O
other	O
annotation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
visual	O
elements	O
in	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
are	O
interactive	O
via	O
drag-and-drop	O
gestures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Drag-and-drop	O
composition	O
on	O
live	O
visualizations	O
is	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
's	O
primary	O
mechanism	O
for	O
editing	O
data	O
values	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
locations	O
on	O
a	O
map	O
or	O
tasks	O
on	O
a	O
schedule	O
(	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
moving	O
an	O
event-icon	O
on	O
a	O
map	O
changes	O
the	O
lat/lon	O
values	O
of	O
that	O
event	O
in	O
the	O
shared	O
repository	O
;	O
moving	O
a	O
task	O
icon	O
on	O
a	O
schedule	O
changes	O
its	O
time-based	O
values	O
in	O
the	O
shared	O
repository	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPOF	B-Protocol
is	O
also	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
live-data	O
alternative	O
to	O
PowerPoint	O
briefings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
a	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
briefing	O
,	O
commanders	O
can	O
drill	O
into	O
any	O
data	O
element	O
in	O
a	O
high-level	O
view	O
to	O
see	O
details	O
on	O
demand	O
,	O
and	O
view	O
outliers	O
or	O
other	O
elements	O
of	O
interest	O
in	O
different	O
visual	O
contexts	O
without	O
switching	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPOF	B-Protocol
users	O
at	O
any	O
level	O
can	O
assemble	O
workspaces	O
out	O
of	O
smaller	O
tool-and-appliance	O
primitives	O
,	O
allowing	O
members	O
of	O
a	O
collaborating	O
group	O
to	O
organize	O
their	O
workflows	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
needs	O
,	O
without	O
affecting	O
or	O
disrupting	O
the	O
views	O
of	O
other	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPOF	B-Protocol
's	O
Tool-and-appliance	O
primitives	O
are	O
designed	O
to	O
let	O
users	O
create	O
quick	O
,	O
throw-away	O
mini-applications	O
to	O
meet	O
their	O
needs	O
in-situ	O
,	O
supporting	O
on-the-fly	O
uses	O
of	O
the	O
software	O
that	O
no	O
developer	O
or	O
designer	O
could	O
have	O
anticipated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
software	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
CoMotion	B-Protocol
platform	O
,	O
a	O
proprietary	O
commercial	O
framework	O
for	O
building	O
collaborative	O
information	B-Application
visualization	I-Application
systems	O
and	O
domain-independent	O
"	O
decision	O
communities	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CoMotion	B-Protocol
's	O
design	O
principles	O
originated	O
as	O
a	O
research	O
program	O
at	O
Carnegie	O
Mellon	O
University	O
led	O
by	O
Steven	O
Roth	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
subsequently	O
developed	O
at	O
MAYA	O
Viz	O
Ltd	O
and	O
General	O
Dynamics	O
C4	O
Systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPOF	B-Protocol
uses	O
a	O
proprietary	O
navigational	B-General_Concept
style	I-General_Concept
database	I-General_Concept
based	O
on	O
U-forms	B-Application
to	O
store	O
,	O
represent	O
,	O
and	O
operate	O
upon	O
a	O
wide	O
variety	O
of	O
types	O
of	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPOF	B-Protocol
can	O
receive	O
real-time	O
or	O
near-real-time	O
data	O
from	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
standard	O
sources	O
—	O
such	O
as	O
GCCS-A	O
,	O
C2PC	O
,	O
and	O
ABCS	O
—	O
and	O
display	O
them	O
using	O
MIL-STD-2525B	O
symbols	O
on	O
maps	O
and	O
charts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fault	O
tolerance	O
for	O
low	O
bandwidth	O
,	O
high	O
latency	O
,	O
and/or	O
error-prone	O
TCP/IP	O
networks	O
is	O
supported	O
by	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
's	O
multi-tiered	O
client-server	O
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPOF	B-Protocol
was	O
first	O
deployed	O
operationally	O
in	O
a	O
handful	O
of	O
locations	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
,	O
Iraq	O
by	O
the	O
1st	O
Cavalry	O
Division	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
Army	O
in	O
2004	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
subsequently	O
deployed	O
throughout	O
Iraq	O
and	O
Afghanistan	O
and	O
used	O
by	O
coalition	O
forces	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Variants	O
of	O
CPOF	B-Protocol
have	O
participated	O
in	O
United	O
States	O
Joint	O
Forces	O
Command	O
's	O
Urban	O
Resolve	O
2015	O
,	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
Air	O
Force	O
's	O
Joint	O
Expeditionary	O
Force	O
Experiment	O
06	O
and	O
08	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
in	O
use	O
by	O
the	O
Marines	O
in	O
Combat	O
Operation	O
Centers	O
since	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CPOF	B-Protocol
became	O
an	O
official	O
US	O
Army	O
program	O
of	O
record	O
in	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
