<s>
Hot	O
swapping	O
is	O
the	O
replacement	O
or	O
addition	O
of	O
components	O
to	O
a	O
computer	O
system	O
without	O
stopping	O
,	O
shutting	B-Device
down	I-Device
,	O
or	O
rebooting	B-Device
the	O
system	O
;	O
hot	O
plugging	O
describes	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
components	O
only	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
desktop	O
computer	B-Architecture
hardware	I-Architecture
,	O
such	O
as	O
CPUs	B-Device
and	O
memory	O
,	O
are	O
only	O
cold-pluggable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
common	O
for	O
mid	O
to	O
high-end	O
servers	B-Application
and	O
mainframes	B-Architecture
to	O
feature	O
hot-swappable	O
capability	O
for	O
hardware	B-Architecture
components	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
CPU	B-Device
,	O
memory	O
,	O
PCIe	O
,	O
SATA	O
and	O
SAS	O
drives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example	O
of	O
hot	O
swapping	O
is	O
the	O
express	O
ability	O
to	O
pull	O
a	O
Universal	B-Protocol
Serial	I-Protocol
Bus	I-Protocol
(	O
USB	B-Protocol
)	O
peripheral	B-Device
device	I-Device
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
thumb	O
drive	O
,	O
external	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drive	I-Device
(	O
HDD	O
)	O
,	O
mouse	O
,	O
keyboard	O
,	O
or	O
printer	O
out	O
of	O
a	O
computer	O
's	O
USB	B-Protocol
slot	O
or	O
peripheral	B-Device
hub	O
without	O
ejecting	O
it	O
first	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dedicated	O
digital	B-Device
cameras	I-Device
and	O
camcorders	O
usually	O
have	O
readily	O
accessible	O
memory	B-Device
card	I-Device
and	O
battery	O
compartments	O
for	O
quick	O
changing	O
with	O
only	O
minimal	O
interruption	O
of	O
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
cameras	O
and	O
camcorders	O
feature	O
an	O
internal	O
memory	O
to	O
allow	O
capturing	O
when	O
no	O
memory	B-Device
card	I-Device
is	O
inserted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hot	O
swapping	O
is	O
used	O
whenever	O
it	O
is	O
desirable	O
to	O
change	O
the	O
configuration	B-General_Concept
or	O
repair	O
a	O
working	O
system	O
without	O
interrupting	O
its	O
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
may	O
simply	O
be	O
for	O
convenience	O
of	O
avoiding	O
the	O
delay	O
and	O
nuisance	O
of	O
shutting	B-Device
down	I-Device
and	O
then	O
restarting	O
complex	O
equipment	O
or	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
equipment	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
server	B-Application
,	O
to	O
be	O
continuously	O
active	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hot	O
swapping	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
add	O
or	O
remove	O
peripherals	B-Device
or	O
components	O
,	O
to	O
allow	O
a	O
device	O
to	O
synchronize	O
data	O
with	O
a	O
computer	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
replace	O
faulty	O
modules	O
without	O
interrupting	O
equipment	O
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Important	O
cards	O
such	O
as	O
disk	B-General_Concept
controllers	I-General_Concept
or	O
host	B-Architecture
adapters	I-Architecture
may	O
be	O
designed	O
with	O
redundant	O
paths	O
in	O
order	O
for	O
these	O
to	O
be	O
replaceable	O
in	O
case	O
of	O
failure	O
without	O
necessitating	O
interruption	O
of	O
associated	O
computer	O
system	O
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Machines	O
that	O
support	O
hot	O
swapping	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
modify	O
their	O
operation	O
for	O
the	O
changed	O
configuration	B-General_Concept
,	O
either	O
automatically	O
on	O
detecting	O
the	O
change	O
,	O
or	O
by	O
user	O
intervention	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
may	O
refer	O
only	O
to	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
add	O
or	O
remove	O
hardware	B-Architecture
without	O
powering	O
down	O
the	O
system	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
system	O
software	O
may	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
notified	O
by	O
the	O
user	O
of	O
the	O
event	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
cope	O
with	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
include	O
RS-232	O
and	O
lower-end	O
SCSI	B-Architecture
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
include	O
USB	B-Protocol
,	O
FireWire	O
and	O
higher-end	O
SCSI	B-Architecture
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
implementations	O
require	O
a	O
component	O
shutdown	B-Device
procedure	O
prior	O
to	O
removal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
one	O
time	O
staggered	O
pins	O
were	O
thought	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
expensive	O
solution	O
,	O
but	O
many	O
contemporary	O
connector	O
families	O
now	O
come	O
with	O
staggered	O
pins	O
as	O
standard	O
;	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
used	O
on	O
all	O
modern	O
serial	O
SCSI	B-Architecture
disk-drives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
a	O
problem	O
for	O
early	O
parallel	O
SCSI	B-Architecture
disk-drives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
all	O
else	O
fails	O
,	O
another	O
solution	O
is	O
to	O
quiesce	B-Device
the	O
operation	O
of	O
all	O
components	O
during	O
the	O
hot-swap	O
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Highest	O
power	O
modular	O
transmitter	O
:	O
1.0MW	O
(	O
for	O
LW	B-Algorithm
,	O
MW	B-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
supposedly	O
for	O
this	O
reason	O
that	O
Stop	O
'	O
N	O
 '	O
Swop	O
was	O
taken	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
Banjo-Kazooie	B-Application
series	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
Sega	B-Operating_System
Genesis/Mega	I-Operating_System
Drive	I-Operating_System
system	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
sometimes	O
possible	O
to	O
apply	O
cheats	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
player	O
having	O
infinite	O
lives	O
)	O
and	O
other	O
temporary	O
software	O
alterations	O
to	O
games	O
by	O
hot	O
swapping	O
cartridges	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
the	O
cartridges	O
were	O
not	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
hot	O
swappable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hot-swappable	O
keyboards	O
enable	O
changing	O
the	O
switches	B-Device
without	O
having	O
to	O
disassemble	O
the	O
keyboard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
sizes	O
and	O
layouts	O
,	O
including	O
more	O
specialized	O
ergonomic	B-Device
layouts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Interactive	B-Application
programming	I-Application
is	O
a	O
programming	O
paradigm	O
that	O
makes	O
extensive	O
use	O
of	O
hot	O
swapping	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
programming	O
activity	O
becomes	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
program	O
flow	O
itself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Only	O
a	O
few	O
programming	O
languages	O
support	O
hot	O
swapping	O
natively	O
,	O
including	O
Pike	O
,	O
Lisp	B-Language
,	O
Erlang	B-Operating_System
,	O
Smalltalk	B-Application
,	O
Visual	B-Language
Basic	I-Language
6	O
(	O
not	O
VB.NET	B-Language
)	O
,	O
Java	B-Language
and	O
most	O
recently	O
Elm	B-Language
and	O
Elixir	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	B-Application
Visual	I-Application
Studio	I-Application
supports	O
a	O
kind	O
of	O
hot	O
swapping	O
called	O
Edit	O
and	O
Continue	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
supported	O
by	O
C#	B-Application
,	O
VB.NET	B-Language
and	O
C/C	O
++	O
when	O
running	O
under	O
a	O
debugger	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
general	O
,	O
all	O
programming	O
languages	O
used	O
in	O
live	O
coding	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
SuperCollider	B-Application
,	O
TidalCycles	O
,	O
or	O
Extempore	O
support	O
hot	O
swapping	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
web-based	O
frameworks	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Django	B-Language
,	O
support	O
detecting	O
module	O
changes	O
and	O
reloading	O
them	O
on	O
the	O
fly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
hotswapping	O
for	O
most	O
intents	O
and	O
purposes	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
technically	O
just	O
a	O
cache	B-General_Concept
purge	O
,	O
triggered	O
by	O
a	O
new	O
file	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
does	O
not	O
apply	O
to	O
markup	O
and	O
programming	O
languages	O
such	O
as	O
HTML	B-Language
and	O
PHP	B-Application
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
general	O
case	O
,	O
as	O
these	O
files	O
are	O
normally	O
reinterpreted	O
on	O
each	O
use	O
by	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
a	O
few	O
CMSes	B-Protocol
and	O
other	O
PHP-based	O
frameworks	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
Drupal	B-Application
)	O
that	O
employ	O
caching	B-General_Concept
,	O
however	O
.	O
</s>
