<s>
Cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
refers	O
to	O
technology	B-Device
platforms	I-Device
that	O
,	O
broadly	O
speaking	O
,	O
are	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
scientific	O
disciplines	O
of	O
artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
and	O
signal	O
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
platforms	B-Device
encompass	O
machine	O
learning	O
,	O
reasoning	O
,	O
natural	B-Language
language	I-Language
processing	I-Language
,	O
speech	B-Application
recognition	I-Application
and	O
vision	B-Application
(	O
object	O
recognition	O
)	O
,	O
human	O
–	O
computer	O
interaction	O
,	O
dialog	B-General_Concept
and	O
narrative	O
generation	O
,	O
among	O
other	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
present	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
widely	O
agreed	O
upon	O
definition	O
for	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
in	O
either	O
academia	O
or	O
industry	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
general	O
,	O
the	O
term	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
has	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
refer	O
to	O
new	O
hardware	O
and/or	O
software	O
that	O
mimics	O
the	O
functioning	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
brain	O
(	O
2004	O
)	O
and	O
helps	O
to	O
improve	O
human	O
decision-making	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
sense	O
,	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
new	O
type	O
of	O
computing	O
with	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
more	O
accurate	O
models	O
of	O
how	O
the	O
human	O
brain/mind	O
senses	O
,	O
reasons	O
,	O
and	O
responds	O
to	O
stimulus	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
applications	O
link	O
data	B-General_Concept
analysis	I-General_Concept
and	O
adaptive	O
page	O
displays	B-Device
(	O
AUI	B-Application
)	O
to	O
adjust	O
content	O
for	O
a	O
particular	O
type	O
of	O
audience	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
such	O
,	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
hardware	O
and	O
applications	O
strive	O
to	O
be	O
more	O
affective	O
and	O
more	O
influential	O
by	O
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
"	O
cognitive	B-Application
system	I-Application
"	O
also	O
applies	O
to	O
any	O
artificial	O
construct	O
able	O
to	O
perform	O
a	O
cognitive	O
process	O
where	O
a	O
cognitive	O
process	O
is	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
data	O
,	O
information	O
,	O
knowledge	O
,	O
or	O
wisdom	O
to	O
a	O
new	O
level	O
in	O
the	O
DIKW	O
Pyramid	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
many	O
cognitive	B-Application
systems	I-Application
employ	O
techniques	O
having	O
their	O
origination	O
in	O
artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
research	I-Application
,	O
cognitive	B-Application
systems	I-Application
,	O
themselves	O
,	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
artificially	B-Application
intelligent	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
a	O
neural	B-Architecture
network	I-Architecture
trained	O
to	O
recognize	O
cancer	O
on	O
an	O
MRI	B-Algorithm
scan	O
may	O
achieve	O
a	O
higher	O
success	O
rate	O
than	O
a	O
human	O
doctor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
system	O
is	O
certainly	O
a	O
cognitive	B-Application
system	I-Application
but	O
is	O
not	O
artificially	B-Application
intelligent	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cognitive	B-Application
systems	I-Application
may	O
be	O
engineered	O
to	O
feed	O
on	O
dynamic	O
data	O
in	O
real-time	O
,	O
or	O
near	O
real-time	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
draw	O
on	O
multiple	O
sources	O
of	O
information	O
,	O
including	O
both	O
structured	O
and	O
unstructured	B-Application
digital	O
information	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
sensory	O
inputs	O
(	O
visual	O
,	O
gestural	O
,	O
auditory	O
,	O
or	O
sensor-provided	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cognitive	O
computing-branded	O
technology	B-Device
platforms	I-Device
typically	O
specialize	O
in	O
the	O
processing	O
and	O
analysis	O
of	O
large	O
,	O
unstructured	B-Application
datasets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Education	O
Even	O
if	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
can	O
not	O
take	O
the	O
place	O
of	O
teachers	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
still	O
be	O
a	O
heavy	O
driving	O
force	O
in	O
the	O
education	O
of	O
students	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
being	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
classroom	O
is	O
applied	O
by	O
essentially	O
having	O
an	O
assistant	O
that	O
is	O
personalized	O
for	O
each	O
individual	O
student	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Teachers	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
pay	O
each	O
and	O
every	O
student	O
individual	O
attention	O
,	O
this	O
being	O
the	O
place	O
that	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computers	I-General_Concept
fill	O
the	O
gap	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
Cognitive	B-General_Concept
Computer	I-General_Concept
tutors	B-Language
,	O
students	O
will	O
not	O
have	O
to	O
face	O
their	O
uneasiness	O
and	O
can	O
gain	O
the	O
confidence	O
to	O
learn	O
and	O
do	O
well	O
in	O
the	O
classroom	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Healthcare	O
Numerous	O
tech	O
companies	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
developing	O
technology	O
that	O
involves	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
medical	O
field	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
cognitive	B-Application
system	I-Application
that	O
can	O
detect	O
would	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
assist	O
the	O
examiner	O
in	O
interpreting	O
countless	O
numbers	O
of	O
documents	O
in	O
a	O
lesser	O
amount	O
of	O
time	O
than	O
if	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
use	O
Cognitive	B-General_Concept
Computer	I-General_Concept
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Commerce	O
Together	O
with	O
Artificial	B-Application
Intelligence	I-Application
,	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
in	O
warehouse	O
management	O
systems	O
to	O
collect	O
,	O
store	O
,	O
organize	O
and	O
analyze	O
all	O
related	O
supplier	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Human	O
Cognitive	O
Augmentation	O
In	O
situations	O
where	O
humans	O
are	O
using	O
or	O
working	O
collaboratively	O
with	O
cognitive	B-Application
systems	I-Application
,	O
called	O
a	O
human/cog	O
ensemble	O
,	O
results	O
achieved	O
by	O
the	O
ensemble	O
are	O
superior	O
to	O
results	O
obtainable	O
by	O
the	O
human	O
working	O
alone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
human/cog	O
ensemble	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
cog	O
"	O
is	O
a	O
cognitive	B-Application
system	I-Application
employing	O
virtually	O
any	O
kind	O
of	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
big	B-Application
data	I-Application
and	O
algorithms	O
that	O
comprehend	O
customer	O
needs	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
a	O
major	O
advantage	O
in	O
economic	O
decision	O
making	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
powers	O
of	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
and	O
artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
hold	O
the	O
potential	O
to	O
affect	O
almost	O
every	O
task	O
that	O
humans	O
are	O
capable	O
of	O
performing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
would	O
also	O
increase	O
the	O
inequality	O
of	O
wealth	O
;	O
the	O
people	O
at	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
industry	O
would	O
grow	O
significantly	O
richer	O
,	O
while	O
workers	O
without	O
ongoing	O
,	O
reliable	O
employment	O
would	O
become	O
less	O
well	O
off	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
more	O
industries	O
start	O
to	O
utilize	O
cognitive	B-General_Concept
computing	I-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
more	O
difficult	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
for	O
humans	O
to	O
compete	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Increased	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
technology	O
will	O
also	O
increase	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
work	O
that	O
AI-driven	O
robots	B-Algorithm
and	O
machines	O
can	O
perform	O
.	O
</s>
