<s>
Cocaine	B-Application
(	O
Configurable	O
Omnipotent	O
Custom	O
Applications	O
Integrated	O
Network	O
Engine	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
open-source	B-Application
PaaS	B-Application
system	O
for	O
creating	O
custom	O
cloud	B-Architecture
hosting	I-Architecture
apps	O
that	O
are	O
similar	O
to	O
Bluemix	B-General_Concept
,	O
Google	B-Application
App	I-Application
Engine	I-Application
,	O
or	O
Heroku	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
services	O
have	O
already	O
been	O
implemented	O
this	O
way	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
service	O
for	O
detecting	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
region	O
or	O
language	O
,	O
a	O
service	O
for	O
accessing	O
MongoDB	B-Application
storage	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
URL	O
fetcher	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Andrey	O
Sibiryov	O
,	O
the	O
original	O
developer	O
of	O
Cocaine	B-Application
,	O
got	O
the	O
idea	O
from	O
Heroku	B-General_Concept
,	O
another	O
cloud	B-Architecture
platform	B-Application
as	I-Application
a	I-Application
service	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
Heroku	B-General_Concept
only	O
supported	O
applications	O
developed	O
in	O
Ruby	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
Heroku	B-General_Concept
,	O
the	O
developer	O
could	O
create	O
a	O
Ruby	B-Language
app	O
and	O
push	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
cloud	B-Architecture
,	O
while	O
Heroku	B-General_Concept
handled	O
infrastructure	O
and	O
load	B-Application
balancing	I-Application
issues	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Sibiryov	O
was	O
not	O
satisfied	O
with	O
the	O
documentation	O
for	O
Heroku	B-General_Concept
,	O
so	O
he	O
decided	O
to	O
create	O
his	O
own	O
PaaS	B-Application
solution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
,	O
Cocaine	B-Application
was	O
a	O
personal	O
project	O
for	O
Sibiryov	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cocaine	B-Application
served	O
these	O
purposes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Now	O
,	O
Cocaine	B-Application
is	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
Yandex	O
infrastructure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
cloud	B-Architecture
is	O
made	O
up	O
of	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
independent	O
machines	O
that	O
have	O
the	O
Cocaine	B-Application
server	O
(	O
Cocained	O
)	O
installed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
know	O
nothing	O
about	O
the	O
location	O
of	O
the	O
services	O
they	O
are	O
accessing	O
—	O
only	O
the	O
address	O
of	O
the	O
load	B-Application
balancer	I-Application
and	O
the	O
app	O
name	O
are	O
available	O
to	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	O
requests	O
are	O
sent	O
to	O
the	O
load	B-Application
balancer	I-Application
,	O
which	O
passes	O
them	O
to	O
the	O
cloud	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	B-Architecture
the	I-Architecture
cloud	I-Architecture
,	O
the	O
optimal	O
machine	O
is	O
selected	O
for	O
each	O
request	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
the	O
request	O
is	O
executed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
developer	O
only	O
needs	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
code	O
to	O
the	O
cloud	B-Architecture
and	O
write	O
a	O
special	O
manifest	O
for	O
executing	O
the	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
not	O
necessary	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
anything	O
else	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
databases	O
,	O
key-value	O
stores	O
,	O
or	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
clients	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
Storage	O
service	O
lets	O
users	O
access	O
Elliptics	B-Application
storage	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Uatraits	O
service	O
uses	O
data	O
about	O
a	O
client	O
's	O
user	O
agent	O
and	O
its	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
headers	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
characteristics	O
of	O
the	O
device	O
that	O
sent	O
the	O
request	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	B-Architecture
the	I-Architecture
cloud	I-Architecture
,	O
apps	O
can	O
be	O
written	O
in	O
various	O
programming	O
languages	O
(	O
C	B-Language
,	O
C++	B-Language
,	O
Go	B-Application
,	O
JavaScript	B-Language
,	O
Python	B-Language
,	O
Ruby	B-Language
,	O
and	O
others	O
)	O
and	O
frameworks	O
(	O
Node.js	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cocaine	B-Application
bound	O
to	O
a	O
web	O
server	O
provides	O
an	O
automatically	O
scalable	O
deployment	O
environment	O
for	O
web	O
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
cloud	B-Architecture
processes	O
large	O
quantities	O
of	O
information	O
,	O
thanks	O
to	O
the	O
streamed	O
data	O
exchange	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cocaine	B-Application
implements	O
fault-tolerant	O
and	O
high-performance	O
bus	O
transmission	O
of	O
messages	O
and	O
events	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
the	O
load	B-Application
balancer	I-Application
,	O
user	O
can	O
create	O
systems	O
that	O
are	O
responsive	O
to	O
user	O
actions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apps	O
in	B-Architecture
the	I-Architecture
cloud	I-Architecture
are	O
run	O
independently	O
of	O
each	O
other	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apps	O
can	O
be	O
tested	O
in	B-Architecture
the	I-Architecture
cloud	I-Architecture
by	O
in	O
an	O
isolated	O
environment	O
run	O
.	O
</s>
