<s>
The	O
Cloud	B-General_Concept
Computing	I-General_Concept
Manifesto	I-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
manifesto	O
containing	O
a	O
"	O
public	O
declaration	O
of	O
principles	O
and	O
intentions	O
"	O
for	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
providers	O
and	O
vendors	O
,	O
annotated	O
as	O
"	O
a	O
call	O
to	O
action	O
for	O
the	O
worldwide	O
cloud	O
community	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
dedicated	O
belief	O
that	O
the	O
cloud	O
should	O
be	O
open	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
follows	O
the	O
earlier	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
Cloud	B-Architecture
Computing	I-Architecture
Bill	O
of	O
Rights	O
which	O
addresses	O
similar	O
issues	O
from	O
the	O
users	O
 '	O
point	O
of	O
view	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
document	O
was	O
developed	O
"	O
by	O
way	O
of	O
an	O
open	O
community	O
consensus	O
process	O
"	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
a	O
request	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
that	O
"	O
any	O
'	O
manifesto	O
 '	O
should	O
be	O
created	O
,	O
from	O
its	O
inception	O
,	O
through	O
an	O
open	O
mechanism	O
like	O
a	O
Wiki	B-Protocol
,	O
for	O
public	O
debate	O
and	O
comment	O
,	O
all	O
available	O
through	O
a	O
Creative	O
Commons	O
license	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Accordingly	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
hosted	O
on	O
a	O
MediaWiki	B-Application
wiki	I-Application
and	O
licensed	O
under	O
the	O
license	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
,	O
controversial	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
document	O
called	O
the	O
Open	B-General_Concept
Cloud	I-General_Concept
Manifesto	I-General_Concept
was	O
sharply	O
criticised	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
who	O
"	O
spoke	O
out	O
vehemently	O
against	O
it	O
"	O
for	O
being	O
developed	O
in	O
secret	O
by	O
a	O
"	O
shadowy	O
group	O
of	O
IT	O
industry	O
companies	O
"	O
,	O
raising	O
questions	O
about	O
conflicts	O
of	O
interest	O
and	O
resulting	O
in	O
extensive	O
media	O
coverage	O
over	O
the	O
following	O
days	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
pre-announcement	O
commits	O
to	O
the	O
official	O
publication	O
of	O
this	O
document	O
on	O
30	O
March	O
2009	O
(	O
in	O
spite	O
of	O
calls	O
to	O
publish	O
it	O
earlier	O
)	O
,	O
at	O
which	O
time	O
the	O
identities	O
of	O
the	O
signatories	O
(	O
"	O
several	O
of	O
the	O
largest	O
technology	O
companies	O
and	O
organizations	O
"	O
led	O
by	O
IBM	O
along	O
with	O
OMG	B-Architecture
and	O
believed	O
also	O
to	O
include	O
Cisco	O
,	O
HP	O
,	O
and	O
Sun	O
Microsystems	O
)	O
is	O
said	O
to	O
be	O
revealed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Amazon	B-Application
,	O
Google	B-Application
,	O
Microsoft	O
and	O
Salesforce.com	B-Application
are	O
among	O
those	O
known	O
to	O
have	O
rejected	O
the	O
document	O
by	O
declining	O
to	O
be	O
signatories	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Open	B-General_Concept
Cloud	I-General_Concept
Manifesto	I-General_Concept
version	O
,	O
developed	O
in	O
private	O
by	O
a	O
secret	O
consortium	B-Application
of	O
companies	O
,	O
was	O
prematurely	O
revealed	O
by	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
Senior	O
Director	O
of	O
Developer	O
Platform	O
Product	O
Management	O
,	O
Steve	O
Martin	O
on	O
26	O
March	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
call	O
for	O
open	O
cloud	O
standards	O
was	O
later	O
echoed	O
by	O
Brandon	O
Watson	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
Director	O
of	O
Cloud	B-Architecture
Services	I-Architecture
Ecosystem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
User	O
centric	O
systems	O
enrich	O
the	O
lives	O
of	O
individuals	O
,	O
education	O
,	O
communication	O
,	O
collaboration	O
,	O
business	O
,	O
entertainment	O
and	O
society	O
as	O
a	O
whole	O
;	O
the	O
end	O
user	O
is	O
the	O
primary	O
stakeholder	O
in	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Philanthropic	O
initiatives	O
can	O
greatly	O
increase	O
the	O
well-being	O
of	O
mankind	O
;	O
they	O
should	O
be	O
enabled	O
or	O
enhanced	O
by	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
where	O
possible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Interoperability	O
ensures	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
cloud	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
as	O
a	O
public	O
resource	O
;	O
systems	O
must	O
be	O
interoperable	O
over	O
a	O
minimal	O
set	O
of	O
community	O
defined	O
standards	O
and	O
vendor	O
lock-in	O
must	O
be	O
avoided	O
.	O
</s>
