<s>
A	O
climate	B-Application
spiral	I-Application
(	O
sometimes	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
a	O
temperature	O
spiral	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
animated	O
data	B-Application
visualization	I-Application
graphic	O
designed	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
simple	O
and	O
effective	O
demonstration	O
of	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
global	O
warming	O
"	O
,	O
especially	O
for	O
general	O
audiences	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
climate	B-Application
spiral	I-Application
was	O
published	O
on	O
9	O
May	O
2016	O
by	O
British	O
climate	O
scientist	O
Ed	O
Hawkins	O
to	O
portray	O
global	O
average	O
temperature	O
anomaly	O
(	O
change	O
)	O
since	O
1850	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hawkins	O
credited	O
a	O
"	O
Friday	O
afternoon	O
"	O
email	O
from	O
Norwegian	O
climatologist	O
Jan	O
Fuglestvedt	O
for	O
the	O
idea	O
of	O
converting	O
a	O
conventional	O
coloured	O
line	B-Application
chart	I-Application
into	O
a	O
spiral	O
,	O
and	O
thanked	O
Fuglestvedt	O
's	O
wife	O
,	O
Taran	O
Fæhn	O
,	O
for	O
having	O
suggested	O
it	O
to	O
Fuglestvedt	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ensuing	O
email	O
discussions	O
refined	O
the	O
design	O
of	O
the	O
climate	B-Application
spiral	I-Application
,	O
which	O
Hawkins	O
published	O
on	O
Monday	O
9	O
May	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Climate	B-Application
spirals	I-Application
use	O
changing	O
distance	O
from	O
a	O
center	O
point	O
to	O
represent	O
change	O
of	O
a	O
dependent	O
variable	O
(	O
archetypically	O
,	O
global	O
average	O
temperature	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
made	O
the	O
graphics	O
in	O
MATLAB	B-Language
and	O
used	O
the	O
"	O
viridis	O
"	O
colour	O
scale	O
,	O
conscious	O
of	O
choosing	O
a	O
colour	O
scale	O
that	O
makes	O
the	O
graphics	O
legible	O
to	O
colour	O
blind	O
viewers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
climate	B-Application
spiral	I-Application
portrayed	O
data	O
from	O
HadCRUT4.4	O
from	O
January	O
1850	O
–	O
March	O
2016	O
,	O
graphing	O
relative	O
to	O
the	O
1850-1900	O
mean	O
temperature	O
,	O
the	O
same	O
pre-industrial	O
global	O
average	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
IPCC	O
Fifth	O
Assessment	O
Report	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Three	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
first	O
climate	B-Application
spiral	I-Application
was	O
published	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
an	O
article	O
on	O
the	O
U.S	O
Department	O
of	O
State	O
's	O
ShareAmerica	O
website	O
,	O
noting	O
the	O
"	O
compelling	O
"	O
graphic	O
"	O
shows	O
just	O
how	O
fast	O
"	O
"	O
world	O
temperatures	O
are	O
spiraling	O
upward	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
climate	B-Application
spiral	I-Application
was	O
featured	O
in	O
the	O
opening	O
ceremony	O
of	O
the	O
August	O
2016	O
Summer	O
Olympics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hawkins	O
 '	O
original	O
climate	B-Application
spiral	I-Application
application	O
(	O
global	O
average	O
temperature	O
change	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
expanded	O
to	O
represent	O
other	O
time-varying	O
quantities	O
such	O
as	O
atmospheric	O
CO2	O
concentration	O
,	O
carbon	O
budget	O
,	O
and	O
arctic	O
sea	O
ice	O
volume	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
climate	B-Application
spiral	I-Application
's	O
first	O
publication	O
(	O
9	O
May	O
2016	O
)	O
,	O
Brad	O
Plumer	O
wrote	O
in	O
Vox	O
that	O
the	O
"	O
mesmerizing	O
"	O
GIF	O
was	O
"	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
clearest	O
visualizations	O
of	O
global	O
warming	O
"	O
he	O
had	O
ever	O
seen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
11	O
May	O
,	O
Chris	O
Mooney	O
wrote	O
in	O
The	O
Washington	O
Post	O
that	O
,	O
with	O
his	O
"	O
startling	O
animation	O
"	O
Hawkins	O
had	O
"	O
hit	O
a	O
grand	O
slam	O
—	O
and	O
not	O
through	O
some	O
clever	O
turn	O
of	O
phrase	O
or	O
some	O
new	O
metaphor	O
or	O
framing	O
,	O
but	O
rather	O
,	O
through	O
viral	O
data	B-Application
visualization	I-Application
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Two	O
years	O
later	O
,	O
in	O
May	O
2018	O
Jason	O
Samenow	O
commented	O
that	O
,	O
though	O
many	O
Hawkins	O
visualizations	O
had	O
"	O
resonated	O
among	O
science	O
communicators	O
"	O
,	O
climate	B-Application
spirals	I-Application
were	O
the	O
scientist	O
's	O
best-known	O
visualizations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
his	O
2016	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
climate	B-Application
spiral	I-Application
,	O
Hawkins	O
received	O
the	O
Royal	O
Meteorological	O
Society	O
’s	O
2017	O
Climate	O
Science	O
Communication	O
Prize	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
developing	O
the	O
warming	B-Application
stripes	I-Application
graphic	O
in	O
May	O
2018	O
,	O
Hawkins	O
,	O
a	O
lead	O
author	O
for	O
the	O
IPCC	O
6th	O
Assessment	O
Report	O
,	O
received	O
the	O
Royal	O
Society	O
's	O
2018	O
Kavli	O
Medal	O
"	O
for	O
significant	O
contributions	O
to	O
understanding	O
and	O
quantifying	O
natural	O
climate	O
variability	O
and	O
long-term	O
climate	O
change	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
actively	O
communicating	O
climate	O
science	O
and	O
its	O
various	O
implications	O
with	O
broad	O
audiences	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Informally	O
,	O
climate	B-Application
spirals	I-Application
have	O
been	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
spirographs	O
.	O
</s>
