<s>
Chernoff	B-Application
faces	I-Application
,	O
invented	O
by	O
applied	O
mathematician	O
,	O
statistician	O
and	O
physicist	O
Herman	O
Chernoff	O
in	O
1973	O
,	O
display	O
multivariate	B-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
in	O
the	O
shape	O
of	O
a	O
human	O
face	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chernoff	B-Application
faces	I-Application
handle	O
each	O
variable	O
differently	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chernoff	B-Application
faces	I-Application
themselves	O
can	O
be	O
plotted	O
on	O
a	O
standard	O
X	O
–	O
Y	O
graph	O
;	O
the	O
faces	O
can	O
be	O
positioned	O
X	O
–	O
Y	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
two	O
most	O
important	O
variables	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
the	O
faces	O
themselves	O
represent	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
dimensions	O
for	O
each	O
item	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1981	O
,	O
Bernhard	O
Flury	O
and	O
Hans	O
Riedwyl	O
suggested	O
"	O
asymmetrical	O
"	O
Chernoff	B-Application
faces	I-Application
;	O
since	O
a	O
face	O
has	O
vertical	O
symmetry	O
(	O
around	O
the	O
y	O
axis	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
left	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
face	O
is	O
identical	O
to	O
the	O
right	O
and	O
is	O
basically	O
wasted	O
space	O
–	O
a	O
point	O
also	O
made	O
by	O
Tufte	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
present	O
results	O
showing	O
that	O
such	O
asymmetrical	O
faces	O
are	O
useful	O
in	O
visualizing	O
databases	O
of	O
identical	O
twins	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
and	O
are	O
useful	O
in	O
grouping	O
as	O
pairs	O
of	O
Chernoff	B-Application
faces	I-Application
would	O
be	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Peter	O
Watts	O
 '	O
novel	O
Blindsight	O
(	O
2006	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
transhuman	O
character	O
is	O
seen	O
using	O
a	O
variant	O
of	O
Chernoff	B-Application
faces	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
sci-fi	O
short	O
story	O
"	O
Degrees	O
of	O
Freedom	O
"	O
by	O
Karl	O
Schroeder	O
,	O
Chernoff	B-Application
faces	I-Application
make	O
a	O
prominent	O
appearances	O
as	O
a	O
future	O
technology	O
,	O
supporting	O
the	O
communication	O
of	O
aggregate	O
sentiment	O
and	O
perspective	O
.	O
</s>
