<s>
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
(	O
,	O
)	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
Indian	O
lunar	O
probe	O
under	O
the	O
Chandrayaan	O
program	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
mission	O
included	O
a	O
lunar	O
orbiter	B-Language
and	O
an	O
impactor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
14	O
November	O
2008	O
,	O
the	O
Moon	O
Impact	O
Probe	O
separated	O
from	O
the	O
Chandrayaan	O
orbiter	B-Language
at	O
14:36UTC	O
and	O
struck	O
the	O
south	O
pole	O
in	O
a	O
controlled	O
manner	O
,	O
making	O
India	O
the	O
fourth	O
country	O
to	O
place	O
its	O
flag	O
insignia	O
on	O
the	O
Moon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
almost	O
a	O
year	O
,	O
the	O
orbiter	B-Language
started	O
suffering	O
from	O
several	O
technical	O
issues	O
including	O
failure	O
of	O
the	O
star	O
tracker	O
and	O
poor	O
thermal	O
shielding	O
;	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
stopped	O
communicating	O
at	O
about	O
20:00UTC	O
on	O
28	O
August	O
2009	O
,	O
shortly	O
after	O
which	O
the	O
ISRO	O
officially	O
declared	O
that	O
the	O
mission	O
was	O
over	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
operated	O
for	O
312	O
days	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
the	O
intended	O
two	O
years	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
mission	O
achieved	O
most	O
of	O
its	O
scientific	O
objectives	O
including	O
detecting	O
presence	O
of	O
Lunar	O
Water	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
2	O
July	O
2016	O
,	O
NASA	O
used	O
ground-based	O
radar	O
systems	O
to	O
relocate	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
in	O
its	O
lunar	O
orbit	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
seven	O
years	O
after	O
it	O
shut	O
down	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Then	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
of	O
India	O
Atal	O
Bihari	O
Vajpayee	O
announced	O
the	O
Chandrayaan	B-Application
1	I-Application
project	O
on	O
course	O
in	O
his	O
Independence	O
Day	O
speech	O
on	O
15	O
August	O
2003	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
X	B-Algorithm
band	I-Algorithm
,	O
diameter	O
dual	O
gimballed	O
parabolic	O
antenna	O
for	O
payload	O
data	O
transmission	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Telemetry	O
,	O
Tracking	O
&	O
Command	O
(	O
TTC	O
)	O
communication	O
operates	O
in	O
S	B-Algorithm
band	I-Algorithm
frequency	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
craft	O
was	O
3-axis	O
stabilised	O
with	O
two	O
star	O
sensors	O
,	O
gyros	B-Application
and	O
four	O
reaction	O
wheels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TMC	O
or	O
the	O
Terrain	O
Mapping	O
Camera	O
is	O
a	O
CMOS	B-Architecture
camera	I-Architecture
with	O
resolution	O
and	O
a	O
swath	O
in	O
the	O
panchromatic	O
band	O
and	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
high-resolution	O
map	O
of	O
the	O
Moon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HySI	O
or	O
Hyper	B-Application
Spectral	I-Application
Imager	I-Application
is	O
a	O
CMOS	B-Architecture
camera	I-Architecture
,	O
performed	O
mineralogical	O
mapping	O
in	O
the	O
400	O
–	O
900nm	O
band	O
with	O
a	O
spectral	O
resolution	O
of	O
15nm	O
and	O
a	O
spatial	O
resolution	O
of	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HEX	O
is	O
a	O
High	O
Energy	O
aj/gamma	O
x-ray	B-Library
spectrometer	O
for	O
30	O
–	O
200	O
keV	O
measurements	O
with	O
ground	O
resolution	O
of	O
,	O
the	O
HEX	O
measured	O
U	O
,	O
Th	O
,	O
210Pb	O
,	O
222Rn	O
degassing	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
radioactive	O
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
C1XS	O
or	O
X-ray	B-Library
fluorescence	O
spectrometer	O
covering	O
1	O
–	O
10	O
keV	O
,	O
mapped	O
the	O
abundance	O
of	O
Mg	O
,	O
Al	O
,	O
Si	O
,	O
Ca	O
,	O
Ti	O
,	O
and	O
Fe	O
at	O
the	O
surface	O
with	O
a	O
ground	O
resolution	O
of	O
,	O
and	O
monitored	O
solar	O
flux	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mini-SAR	B-Algorithm
,	O
designed	O
,	O
built	O
and	O
tested	O
for	O
NASA	O
by	O
a	O
large	O
team	O
that	O
includes	O
the	O
Naval	O
Air	O
Warfare	O
Center	O
,	O
Johns	O
Hopkins	O
University	O
Applied	O
Physics	O
Laboratory	O
,	O
Sandia	O
National	O
Laboratories	O
,	O
Raytheon	O
and	O
Northrop	O
Grumman	O
,	O
with	O
outer	O
support	O
from	O
ISRO	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mini-SAR	B-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
active	O
Synthetic	B-Application
Aperture	I-Application
Radar	I-Application
system	O
to	O
search	O
for	O
lunar	O
polar	O
ice	O
,	O
water-ice	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
tenure	O
of	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Manmohan	O
Singh	O
,	O
the	O
Chandrayaan	O
project	O
got	O
a	O
boost	O
and	O
finally	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
was	O
launched	O
on	O
22	O
October	O
2008	O
at	O
00:52UTC	O
from	O
Satish	O
Dhawan	O
Space	O
Centre	O
using	O
the	O
ISRO	O
's	O
tall	O
,	O
four-stage	O
PSLV	O
C11	O
launch	O
vehicle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
was	O
sent	O
to	O
the	O
Moon	O
in	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
orbit-increasing	O
manoeuvres	O
around	O
the	O
Earth	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
21	O
days	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
launching	O
the	O
craft	O
on	O
a	O
direct	O
trajectory	O
to	O
the	O
Moon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
mission	O
,	O
ISRO	O
's	O
telemetry	O
,	O
tracking	O
and	O
command	O
network	O
(	O
ISTRAC	O
)	O
at	O
Peenya	O
in	O
Bangalore	O
,	O
tracked	O
and	O
controlled	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scientists	O
from	O
India	O
,	O
Europe	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
U.S.	O
conducted	O
a	O
high-level	O
review	O
of	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
on	O
29	O
January	O
2009	O
after	O
the	O
spacecraft	O
completed	O
its	O
first	O
100	O
days	O
in	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
orbit-raising	O
manoeuvre	O
of	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
spacecraft	O
was	O
performed	O
at	O
03:30UTC	O
on	O
23	O
October	O
2008	O
when	O
the	O
spacecraft	O
's	O
440	O
Newton	O
liquid	O
engine	O
was	O
fired	O
for	O
about	O
18minutes	O
by	O
commanding	O
the	O
spacecraft	O
from	O
Spacecraft	O
Control	O
Centre	O
(	O
SCC	O
)	O
at	O
ISRO	O
Telemetry	O
,	O
Tracking	O
and	O
Command	O
Network	O
(	O
ISTRAC	O
)	O
at	O
Peenya	O
,	O
Bangalore	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
this	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
'	O
s	O
apogee	O
was	O
raised	O
to	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
perigee	O
to	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
orbit	O
,	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
spacecraft	O
took	O
about	O
11	O
hours	O
to	O
go	O
around	O
the	O
Earth	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
second	O
orbit-raising	O
manoeuvre	O
of	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
spacecraft	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
on	O
25	O
October	O
2008	O
at	O
00:18UTC	O
when	O
the	O
spacecraft	O
's	O
engine	O
was	O
fired	O
for	O
about	O
16minutes	O
,	O
raising	O
its	O
apogee	O
to	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
perigee	O
to	O
,	O
thus	O
completing	O
20	O
percent	O
of	O
its	O
journey	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
orbit	O
,	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
spacecraft	O
took	O
about	O
twenty-five	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
hours	O
to	O
go	O
round	O
the	O
Earth	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
orbit	O
,	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
took	O
about	O
73	O
hours	O
to	O
go	O
around	O
the	O
Earth	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
fifth	O
and	O
final	O
orbit	O
raising	O
manoeuvre	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
on	O
3	O
November	O
2008	O
at	O
23:26UTC	O
when	O
the	O
spacecraft	O
's	O
engine	O
was	O
fired	O
for	O
about	O
two	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
minutes	O
resulting	O
in	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
entering	O
the	O
Lunar	O
Transfer	O
Trajectory	O
with	O
an	O
apogee	O
of	O
about	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
completed	O
the	O
lunar	O
orbit	O
insertion	O
operation	O
on	O
8	O
November	O
2008	O
at	O
11:21UTC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
Lunar	O
Orbit	O
Reduction	O
Manoeuvre	O
of	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
was	O
carried	O
out	O
on	O
9	O
November	O
2008	O
at	O
14:33UTC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
elliptical	O
orbit	O
,	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
took	O
about	O
ten	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
hours	O
to	O
circle	O
the	O
Moon	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
manoeuvre	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
on	O
10	O
November	O
2008	O
at	O
16:28UTC	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
steep	O
decrease	O
in	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
'	O
s	O
aposelene	O
to	O
and	O
its	O
periselene	O
to	O
,	O
During	O
this	O
manoeuvre	O
,	O
the	O
engine	O
was	O
fired	O
for	O
about	O
866seconds	O
(	O
about	O
fourteen	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
minutes	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
took	O
two	O
hours	O
and	O
16minutes	O
to	O
go	O
around	O
the	O
Moon	O
once	O
in	O
this	O
orbit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
orbit	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
took	O
two	O
hours	O
and	O
9minutes	O
to	O
go	O
around	O
the	O
Moon	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
spacecraft	O
was	O
placed	O
into	O
a	O
mission-specific	O
lunar	O
polar	O
orbit	O
of	O
above	O
the	O
lunar	O
surface	O
on	O
12	O
November	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
final	O
orbit	O
reduction	O
manoeuvre	O
,	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
'	O
s	O
aposelene	O
and	O
periselene	O
were	O
both	O
reduced	O
to	O
100km	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
orbit	O
,	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
takes	O
about	O
two	O
hours	O
to	O
go	O
around	O
the	O
Moon	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
MIP	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
eleven	O
scientific	O
instruments	O
(	O
payloads	O
)	O
on	O
board	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
ISRO	O
had	O
reported	O
on	O
25	O
November	O
2008	O
that	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
'	O
s	O
temperature	O
had	O
risen	O
above	O
normal	O
to	O
,	O
Scientists	O
said	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
caused	O
by	O
higher	O
than	O
expected	O
temperatures	O
in	O
lunar	O
orbit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
mineral	O
content	O
on	O
the	O
lunar	O
surface	O
was	O
mapped	O
with	O
the	O
Moon	O
Mineralogy	O
Mapper	O
(	O
M3	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
NASA	O
instrument	O
on	O
board	O
the	O
orbiter	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
ISRO	O
announced	O
in	O
January	O
2009	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
the	O
mapping	O
of	O
the	O
Apollo	O
Moon	O
missions	O
landing	O
sites	O
by	O
the	O
orbiter	B-Language
,	O
using	O
multiple	O
payloads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
comparison	O
,	O
the	O
Lunar	O
Reconnaissance	O
Orbiter	B-Language
Camera	O
has	O
a	O
0.5	O
meter	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
X-ray	B-Library
signatures	O
of	O
aluminium	O
,	O
magnesium	O
and	O
silicon	O
were	O
picked	O
up	O
by	O
the	O
C1XS	O
X-ray	B-Library
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
signals	O
were	O
picked	O
up	O
during	O
a	O
solar	O
flare	O
that	O
caused	O
an	O
X-ray	B-Library
fluorescence	O
phenomenon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
major	O
mission	O
objectives	O
,	O
the	O
orbit	O
of	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
spacecraft	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
at	O
a	O
height	O
of	O
from	O
the	O
lunar	O
surface	O
since	O
November	O
2008	O
,	O
was	O
raised	O
to	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
update	O
three	O
axis	O
gyroscopes	B-Application
which	O
enabled	O
spacecraft	O
operations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
21	O
August	O
2009	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
along	O
with	O
the	O
Lunar	O
Reconnaissance	O
Orbiter	B-Language
attempted	O
to	O
perform	O
a	O
bistatic	B-Algorithm
radar	I-Algorithm
experiment	O
using	O
their	O
Mini-SAR	B-Algorithm
radars	O
to	O
detect	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
water	O
ice	O
on	O
the	O
lunar	O
surface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
attempt	O
was	O
a	O
failure	O
;	O
it	O
turned	O
out	O
the	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
radar	O
was	O
not	O
pointed	O
at	O
the	O
Moon	O
during	O
the	O
experiment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mini-SAR	B-Algorithm
has	O
imaged	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
permanently	O
shadowed	O
regions	O
that	O
exist	O
at	O
both	O
poles	O
of	O
the	O
Moon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2010	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
Mini-SAR	B-Algorithm
on	O
board	O
the	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
had	O
discovered	O
more	O
than	O
40	O
permanently	O
darkened	O
craters	O
near	O
the	O
Moon	O
's	O
north	O
pole	O
which	O
are	O
hypothesized	O
to	O
contain	O
an	O
estimated	O
600	O
million	O
metric	O
tonnes	O
of	O
water-ice	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
results	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
recent	O
findings	O
of	O
other	O
NASA	O
instruments	O
onboard	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
(	O
the	O
Moon	O
Mineralogy	O
Mapper	O
(	O
MP3	O
)	O
discovered	O
water	O
molecules	O
in	O
the	O
Moon	O
's	O
polar	O
regions	O
,	O
while	O
water	O
vapour	O
was	O
detected	O
by	O
NASA	O
's	O
Lunar	O
Crater	O
Observation	O
and	O
Sensing	O
Satellite	O
,	O
or	O
LCROSS	O
)	O
this	O
observation	O
is	O
not	O
consistent	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
thick	O
deposits	O
of	O
nearly	O
pure	O
water	O
ice	O
within	O
a	O
few	O
meters	O
of	O
the	O
lunar	O
surface	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
rule	O
out	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
small	O
(<~	O
10cm	O
)	O
,	O
discrete	O
pieces	O
of	O
ice	O
mixed	O
in	O
with	O
the	O
regolith	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
member	O
of	O
the	O
science	O
advisory	O
board	O
of	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
said	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
difficult	O
to	O
ascertain	O
reasons	O
for	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
contact	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
terrain	O
mapping	O
camera	O
on	O
board	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
,	O
besides	O
producing	O
more	O
than	O
70,000	O
three	O
dimensional	O
images	O
,	O
has	O
recorded	O
images	O
of	O
the	O
landing	O
site	O
of	O
U.S.	O
spacecraft	O
Apollo	O
15	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Indian	O
Space	O
Research	O
Organisation	O
said	O
interesting	O
data	O
on	O
lunar	O
polar	O
areas	O
was	O
provided	O
by	O
Lunar	O
Laser	O
Ranging	O
Instrument	O
(	O
LLRI	O
)	O
and	O
High	O
Energy	O
X-ray	B-Library
Spectrometer	O
(	O
HEX	O
)	O
of	O
ISRO	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
Miniature	O
Synthetic	B-Application
Aperture	I-Application
Radar	I-Application
(	O
Mini-SAR	B-Algorithm
)	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LLRI	O
covered	O
both	O
the	O
lunar	O
poles	O
and	O
additional	O
lunar	O
regions	O
of	O
interest	O
,	O
HEX	O
made	O
about	O
200	O
orbits	O
over	O
the	O
lunar	O
poles	O
and	O
Mini-SAR	B-Algorithm
provided	O
complete	O
coverage	O
of	O
both	O
North	O
and	O
South	O
Polar	O
Regions	O
of	O
the	O
Moon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
ESA	O
payload	O
–	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
imaging	O
X-ray	B-Library
Spectrometer	O
(	O
C1XS	O
)	O
–	O
detected	O
more	O
than	O
two	O
dozen	O
weak	O
solar	O
flares	O
during	O
the	O
mission	O
duration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ISRO	O
said	O
scientists	O
from	O
India	O
and	O
participating	O
agencies	O
expressed	O
satisfaction	O
on	O
the	O
performance	O
of	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
mission	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
high	O
quality	O
of	O
data	O
sent	O
by	O
the	O
spacecraft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
payload	O
has	O
enabled	O
scientists	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
interaction	O
between	O
the	O
solar	O
wind	O
and	O
a	O
planetary	O
body	O
like	O
the	O
Moon	O
without	O
a	O
magnetic	O
field	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
its	O
10-month	O
orbit	O
around	O
the	O
Moon	O
,	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
'	O
s	O
X-ray	B-Library
Spectrometer	O
(	O
C1XS	O
)	O
detected	O
titanium	O
,	O
confirmed	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
calcium	O
,	O
and	O
gathered	O
the	O
most	O
accurate	O
measurements	O
yet	O
of	O
magnesium	O
,	O
aluminium	O
and	O
iron	O
on	O
the	O
lunar	O
surface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
18	O
November	O
2008	O
,	O
the	O
Moon	O
Impact	O
Probe	O
was	O
released	O
from	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
at	O
a	O
height	O
of	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
24	O
September	O
2009	O
Science	O
journal	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
NASA	O
Instrument	O
Moon	O
Mineralogy	O
Mapper	O
(	O
M3	O
)	O
on	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
had	O
detected	O
water	O
ice	O
on	O
the	O
Moon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
But	O
,	O
on	O
25	O
September	O
2009	O
,	O
ISRO	O
announced	O
that	O
the	O
MIP	O
,	O
another	O
instrument	O
on	O
board	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
,	O
had	O
discovered	O
water	O
on	O
the	O
Moon	O
just	O
before	O
impact	O
and	O
had	O
discovered	O
it	O
3	O
months	O
before	O
NASA	O
's	O
M3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Moon	O
Mineralogy	O
Mapper	O
(	O
M3	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
imaging	O
spectrometer	O
,	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
11	O
instruments	O
on	O
board	O
Chandrayaan-I	B-Application
that	O
came	O
to	O
a	O
premature	O
end	O
on	O
28	O
August	O
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
imaged	O
a	O
lunar	O
rille	O
,	O
formed	O
by	O
an	O
ancient	O
lunar	O
lava	O
flow	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
uncollapsed	O
segment	O
indicating	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
a	O
lunar	O
lava	O
tube	O
,	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
large	O
cave	O
below	O
the	O
lunar	O
surface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Earlier	O
,	O
Japanese	O
Lunar	O
orbiter	B-Language
SELENE	B-Device
(	O
Kaguya	O
)	O
also	O
recorded	O
evidence	O
for	O
other	O
caves	O
on	O
the	O
Moon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	O
from	O
the	O
microwave	O
sensor	O
(	O
Mini-SAR	B-Algorithm
)	O
of	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
processed	O
using	O
the	O
image	O
analysis	O
software	O
ENVI	O
,	O
has	O
revealed	O
a	O
good	O
amount	O
of	O
past	O
tectonic	O
activity	O
on	O
the	O
lunar	O
surface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
American	O
Institute	O
of	O
Aeronautics	O
and	O
Astronautics	O
(	O
AIAA	O
)	O
has	O
selected	O
ISRO	O
's	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
mission	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
recipients	O
of	O
its	O
annual	O
AIAA	O
SPACE	O
2009	O
awards	O
,	O
which	O
recognises	O
key	O
contributions	O
to	O
space	O
science	O
and	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
International	O
Lunar	O
Exploration	O
Working	O
Group	O
awarded	O
the	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
team	O
the	O
International	O
Co-operation	O
Award	O
in	O
2008	O
for	O
accommodation	O
and	O
tests	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
international	O
lunar	O
payload	O
ever	O
(	O
from	O
20	O
countries	O
,	O
including	O
India	O
,	O
the	O
European	O
Space	O
Agency	O
of	O
17	O
countries	O
,	O
US	O
,	O
and	O
Bulgaria	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
US-based	O
National	O
Space	O
Society	O
awarded	O
ISRO	O
the	O
2009	O
Space	O
Pioneer	O
Award	O
in	O
the	O
science	O
and	O
engineering	O
category	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
mission	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
scientists	O
considered	O
instrumental	O
to	O
the	O
success	O
of	O
the	O
Chandrayaan-1	B-Application
project	O
are	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Data	O
gathered	O
by	O
Chandrayaan-I	B-Application
was	O
made	O
available	O
to	O
the	O
public	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
mission	O
includes	O
a	O
lunar	O
orbiter	B-Language
,	O
a	O
lander	O
named	O
Vikram	O
and	O
a	O
robotic	O
lunar	O
rover	O
named	O
Pragyan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
rover	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
move	O
on	O
six	O
wheels	O
on	O
the	O
lunar	O
surface	O
,	O
do	O
on-site	O
chemical	O
analysis	O
and	O
send	O
the	O
data	O
to	O
the	O
Earth	O
via	O
the	O
Chandrayaan-2	O
orbiter	B-Language
,	O
which	O
will	O
be	O
orbiting	O
the	O
Moon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chandrayaan	O
's	O
imagery	O
will	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
identify	O
regions	O
of	O
interest	O
that	O
will	O
be	O
explored	O
in	O
detail	O
by	O
the	O
NASA	O
Lunar	O
Reconnaissance	O
Orbiter	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Mini-SAR	B-Algorithm
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
U.S.	O
payloads	O
on	O
Chandrayaan	O
,	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
water	O
ice	O
.	O
</s>
