<s>
Cell-based	B-Application
models	I-Application
are	O
mathematical	O
models	O
that	O
represent	O
biological	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
discrete	O
entities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
particular	O
,	O
the	O
framework	O
for	O
electrophysiological	O
models	O
of	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
is	O
well-developed	O
and	O
made	O
highly	O
efficient	O
using	O
high-performance	B-Architecture
computing	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cell-based	B-Application
models	I-Application
can	O
be	O
divided	O
into	O
on	O
-	O
and	O
off-lattice	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
they	O
account	O
for	O
individual	O
behavior	O
at	O
the	O
cell	O
level	O
such	O
as	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
,	O
cell	O
migration	O
or	O
apoptosis	O
,	O
cell-based	B-Application
models	I-Application
are	O
a	O
useful	O
tool	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
these	O
behaviors	O
on	O
how	O
tissues	O
are	O
organised	O
in	O
time	O
and	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
exist	O
several	O
software	O
packages	O
implementing	O
cell-based	B-Application
models	I-Application
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
