<s>
Case	B-Architecture
modification	I-Architecture
,	O
commonly	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
case	B-Architecture
modding	I-Architecture
,	O
is	O
the	O
modification	O
of	O
a	O
computer	B-General_Concept
case	I-General_Concept
or	O
a	O
video	B-Device
game	I-Device
console	I-Device
chassis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Modifying	O
a	O
computer	B-General_Concept
case	I-General_Concept
in	O
any	O
non-standard	O
way	O
is	O
considered	O
a	O
case	B-Architecture
mod	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Modding	B-Device
is	O
done	O
,	O
particularly	O
by	O
hardware	B-Architecture
enthusiasts	O
,	O
to	O
show	O
off	O
a	O
computer	O
's	O
apparent	O
power	O
by	O
showing	O
off	O
the	O
internal	O
hardware	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
also	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
look	O
aesthetically	O
pleasing	O
to	O
the	O
owner	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
personal	B-Device
computers	I-Device
first	O
became	O
available	O
to	O
the	O
public	O
,	O
the	O
majority	O
were	O
produced	O
in	O
simple	O
,	O
beige-colored	O
cases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
design	O
is	O
sometimes	O
referred	O
to	O
be	O
as	O
a	O
beige	B-General_Concept
box	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
this	O
met	O
the	O
purpose	O
of	O
containing	O
the	O
components	O
of	O
the	O
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
,	O
many	O
users	O
considered	O
their	O
computers	O
as	O
"	O
tacky	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
dull	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
began	O
modifying	O
their	O
existing	O
chassis	O
,	O
or	O
building	O
their	O
own	O
from	O
scratch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
case	B-Architecture
mods	I-Architecture
is	O
the	O
"	O
Macquarium	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
consists	O
of	O
replacing	O
the	O
CRT	O
screen	O
in	O
a	O
Compact	O
Macintosh	O
case	O
with	O
a	O
fishbowl	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
new	O
market	O
for	O
third-party	O
computer	B-General_Concept
cases	I-General_Concept
and	O
accessories	O
began	O
to	O
develop	O
,	O
and	O
today	O
cases	O
are	O
available	O
in	O
a	O
wide	O
variety	O
of	O
colors	O
and	O
styles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Today	O
the	O
business	O
of	O
"	O
modding	B-Device
"	O
computers	O
and	O
their	O
cases	O
is	O
a	O
hugely	O
profitable	O
endeavor	O
,	O
and	O
modding	B-Device
competitions	O
are	O
everywhere	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2017	O
,	O
Computer	B-Architecture
hardware	I-Architecture
companies	O
have	O
started	O
to	O
offer	O
some	O
of	O
their	O
products	O
with	O
built-in	O
RGB	O
LED	O
lighting	O
,	O
replacing	O
earlier	O
Non-RGB	O
LED	O
(	O
single	O
color	O
LED	O
)	O
lighting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sometime	O
modders	B-Device
build	O
entire	O
cases	O
from	O
scratch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Others	O
make	O
it	O
look	O
like	O
or	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
something	O
else	O
,	O
like	O
a	O
teddy	O
bear	O
,	O
wooden	O
cabinet	O
,	O
a	O
shelf	O
mounted	O
on	O
a	O
wall	O
,	O
or	O
antique	O
equipment	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
Macintosh	B-Device
Plus	I-Device
or	O
an	O
old	O
Atari	B-General_Concept
2600	I-General_Concept
video	B-Device
game	I-Device
console	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Relatively	O
few	O
case	B-Architecture
modders	I-Architecture
or	O
builders	O
make	O
their	O
computer	B-General_Concept
cases	I-General_Concept
from	O
scratch	O
;	O
those	O
who	O
do	O
sometimes	O
put	O
hundreds	O
of	O
hours	O
into	O
their	O
work	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
type	O
of	O
modding	B-Device
,	O
as	O
the	O
name	O
suggests	O
,	O
involves	O
modifying	O
the	O
PC	O
components	O
themselves	O
for	O
a	O
perceived	O
improvement	O
in	O
appearance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
riskier	O
modification	O
is	O
installing	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
windows	O
which	O
show	O
the	O
platters	O
and	O
mechanism	O
,	O
which	O
must	O
be	O
done	O
in	O
a	O
clean	O
room	O
without	O
significant	O
dust	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
hard	B-Device
drives	I-Device
,	O
including	O
the	O
WD	B-Device
Raptor	I-Device
,	O
now	O
come	O
with	O
a	O
window	O
as	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
refers	O
to	O
a	O
window	O
placed	O
within	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
panels	O
of	O
a	O
computer	B-General_Concept
case	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
lighting	O
mod	O
refers	O
to	O
lighting	O
in	O
or	O
on	O
the	O
computer	B-General_Concept
cases	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
usually	O
achieved	O
with	O
cold	O
cathode	O
lights	O
(	O
CCLs	O
)	O
,	O
LED	O
case	B-Application
fans	I-Application
,	O
or	O
electroluminescent	O
wire	O
lights	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Internal	O
components	O
such	O
as	O
case	B-Application
fans	I-Application
,	O
CPU	O
heatsink	O
fans	O
,	O
and	O
power	O
supplies	O
are	O
often	O
available	O
with	O
built	O
in	O
lighting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Painting	O
a	O
case	O
is	O
another	O
method	O
that	O
case	B-Architecture
modders	I-Architecture
use	O
to	O
distinguish	O
their	O
system	O
from	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spray	O
paint	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
method	O
preferred	O
among	O
amateur	O
modders	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
many	O
spray	O
painting	O
guides	O
for	O
amateur	O
modders	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Re-coloring	O
the	O
plastics	O
of	O
a	O
case	O
,	O
keyboard	O
,	O
mouse	O
and	O
speakers	O
with	O
vinyl	O
dye	O
is	O
another	O
method	O
that	O
case	B-Architecture
modders	I-Architecture
use	O
to	O
highlight	O
their	O
own	O
system	O
,	O
making	O
them	O
different	O
from	O
the	O
rest	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Routing	O
cables	O
,	O
most	O
often	O
in	O
computer	B-General_Concept
cases	I-General_Concept
,	O
to	O
be	O
aesthetically	O
pleasing	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
common	O
practice	O
in	O
case	B-Architecture
modding	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Laptops	B-Device
can	O
be	O
modified	O
much	O
like	O
a	O
typical	O
computer	B-General_Concept
case	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
most	O
laptop	B-Device
mods	O
consist	O
of	O
new	O
paint	O
or	O
other	O
finishes	O
,	O
others	O
have	O
chosen	O
to	O
engrave	O
or	O
cut	O
out	O
designs	O
into	O
their	O
laptop	B-Device
cover	O
(	O
usually	O
behind	O
the	O
screen	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Laptops	B-Device
may	O
also	O
be	O
turned	O
into	O
digital	B-Algorithm
photo	I-Algorithm
frames	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
modifications	O
are	O
often	O
performed	O
by	O
overclockers	B-Application
either	O
looking	O
for	O
better	O
cooling	O
for	O
hot	O
components	O
or	O
noise	O
(	O
sound	O
)	O
reduction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
fan	O
modifications	O
are	O
merely	O
a	O
show	O
of	O
modding	B-Device
skill	O
or	O
talent	O
and	O
have	O
no	O
functional	O
purpose	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hardcore	O
overclockers	B-Application
often	O
install	O
cooling	O
systems	O
for	O
the	O
sole	O
purpose	O
of	O
achieving	O
performance	O
records	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
methods	O
of	O
painting	O
can	O
include	O
powder	O
coating	O
which	O
is	O
highly	O
durable	O
though	O
not	O
quite	O
as	O
aesthetically	O
pleasing	O
to	O
many	O
modders	B-Device
as	O
automotive	O
paint	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Electroplating	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
done	O
on	O
steel	O
computer	B-General_Concept
cases	I-General_Concept
and	O
parts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Case	B-Architecture
modders	I-Architecture
use	O
it	O
to	O
fill	O
and	O
sculpt	O
their	O
own	O
creations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typically	O
,	O
a	O
case	B-Architecture
modder	I-Architecture
uses	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
these	O
materials	O
to	O
obtain	O
the	O
desired	O
result	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
method	O
is	O
usually	O
used	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
plastic	O
bezel	O
of	O
a	O
computer	B-General_Concept
case	I-General_Concept
to	O
give	O
it	O
a	O
new	O
look	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
websites	O
and	O
companies	O
feature	O
contests	O
for	O
case	B-Architecture
modders	I-Architecture
,	O
awarding	O
prizes	O
and	O
accolades	O
to	O
the	O
winners	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
include	O
bit-tech	O
'	O
s	O
Mod	O
of	O
the	O
Month	O
and	O
Mod	O
of	O
the	O
Year	O
competitions	O
,	O
while	O
some	O
of	O
these	O
contests	O
are	O
sponsored	O
by	O
computer	O
enthusiast	O
magazines	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
CPU	O
magazine	O
or	O
Custom	O
PC	O
Magazine	O
,	O
both	O
of	O
which	O
have	O
monthly	O
modding	B-Device
contests	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
contests	O
are	O
sometimes	O
supported	O
by	O
computer	B-Architecture
parts	I-Architecture
manufacturers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Console	O
case	B-Architecture
modding	I-Architecture
refers	O
to	O
the	O
modification	O
of	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
game	O
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
common	O
consoles	O
to	O
modify	O
are	O
the	O
Xbox	B-Operating_System
and	O
Xbox	B-Operating_System
360	I-Operating_System
,	O
because	O
there	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
room	O
inside	O
to	O
customize	O
them	O
with	O
items	O
such	O
as	O
lights	O
and	O
fans	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Moreover	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
Xbox	I-Operating_System
360	I-Operating_System
requires	O
additional	O
cooling	O
over	O
the	O
factory	O
configuration	O
to	O
avoid	O
overheating	B-Error_Name
issues	I-Error_Name
due	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
wrong	O
type	O
of	O
lead-free	O
solder	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
not	O
capable	O
of	O
handling	O
the	O
temperature	O
limits	O
standard	O
solder	O
can	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
those	O
who	O
do	O
not	O
wish	O
to	O
scratch-build	O
mods	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
several	O
companies	O
that	O
sell	O
transparent	O
Xbox	B-Operating_System
cases	O
and	O
various	O
cooling/lighting	O
equipment	O
for	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Console	O
case	B-Architecture
modding	I-Architecture
started	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
1980s	O
when	O
the	O
NES	O
and	O
Sega	B-Operating_System
Genesis	I-Operating_System
,	O
were	O
released	O
;	O
many	O
customers	O
simply	O
put	O
pictures	O
or	O
stickers	O
on	O
them	O
until	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
was	O
released	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
case	B-Architecture
modders	I-Architecture
started	O
to	O
change	O
hardware	B-Architecture
,	O
for	O
example	O
by	O
altering	O
them	O
to	O
play	O
copied	O
games	O
(	O
known	O
as	O
'	O
chipping	O
 '	O
the	O
games	O
console	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
common	O
modification	O
for	O
the	O
PlayStation	B-Device
was	O
the	O
'	O
chipping	O
 '	O
process	O
(	O
mentioned	O
above	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
Nintendo	B-Operating_System
64	I-Operating_System
,	O
Dreamcast	B-Operating_System
and	O
PlayStation	B-Device
2	I-Device
were	O
released	O
,	O
many	O
chipped	O
them	O
,	O
styled	O
them	O
,	O
and	O
added	O
additional	O
cooling	O
;	O
some	O
went	O
as	O
far	O
as	O
changing	O
the	O
hardware	B-Architecture
itself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
Xbox	B-Operating_System
and	O
Xbox	B-Operating_System
360	I-Operating_System
were	O
released	O
,	O
many	O
modders	B-Device
personally	O
customized	O
them	O
further	O
,	O
using	O
neon	O
lights	O
,	O
transparent	O
cases	O
,	O
fans	O
,	O
and	O
PC	O
hard	B-Device
drives	I-Device
(	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
Xbox-branded	O
drives	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
modders	B-Device
found	O
that	O
altering	O
the	O
interior	O
of	O
Xbox	B-Operating_System
360s	I-Operating_System
was	O
difficult	O
due	O
to	O
absence	O
of	O
a	O
power	O
cable	O
(	O
normally	O
in	O
a	O
PC	O
,	O
this	O
cord	O
attaches	O
the	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drive	I-Device
to	O
its	O
motherboard	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
shortcomings	O
,	O
modders	B-Device
also	O
found	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
power	O
neon	O
lighting	O
and	O
other	O
powered	O
equipment	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
DVD-ROM	O
power	O
supply	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
insufficient	O
power	O
to	O
the	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drive	I-Device
,	O
it	O
often	O
caused	O
freezing	O
during	O
disk	O
access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
common	O
method	O
for	O
internal	O
case	B-Architecture
modding	I-Architecture
uses	O
the	O
power	O
outlet	O
for	O
the	O
internal	O
fan	O
by	O
splitting	O
the	O
cord	O
with	O
a	O
"	O
Y	O
"	O
connector	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
up	O
to	O
date	O
modders	B-Device
will	O
use	O
power	O
points	O
under	O
where	O
the	O
PSU	O
(	O
power	O
supply	O
)	O
plugs	O
in	O
,	O
which	O
does	O
n't	O
diminish	O
any	O
(	O
or	O
very	O
little	O
)	O
power	O
from	O
the	O
console	O
.	O
</s>
