<s>
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
was	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
CP/M	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
that	O
Digital	O
Research	O
(	O
DR	O
)	O
made	O
for	O
the	O
Intel	B-General_Concept
8086	I-General_Concept
and	O
Intel	B-Device
8088	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
commands	O
are	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
in	O
CP/M	B-Application
-80	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
Research	O
also	O
produced	O
a	O
multi-user	O
multitasking	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
compatible	O
with	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
,	O
MP/M	B-Operating_System
-86	I-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
later	O
evolved	O
into	O
Concurrent	B-Operating_System
CP/M	I-Operating_System
-86	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
an	O
emulator	O
was	O
added	O
to	O
provide	O
PC	O
DOS	O
compatibility	O
,	O
the	O
system	O
was	O
renamed	O
Concurrent	B-Operating_System
DOS	I-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
later	O
became	O
Multiuser	B-Operating_System
DOS	I-Operating_System
,	O
of	O
which	O
REAL/32	B-Operating_System
is	O
the	O
latest	O
incarnation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
FlexOS	B-Operating_System
,	O
DOS	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
DR	O
DOS	O
families	O
of	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
started	O
as	O
derivations	O
of	O
Concurrent	B-Operating_System
DOS	I-Operating_System
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
Research	O
's	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
was	O
originally	O
announced	O
to	O
be	O
released	O
in	O
November	O
1979	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
delayed	O
repeatedly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
IBM	O
contacted	O
other	O
companies	O
to	O
obtain	O
components	O
for	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
,	O
the	O
as-yet	O
unreleased	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
was	O
its	O
first	O
choice	O
for	O
an	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
because	O
CP/M	B-Application
had	O
the	O
most	O
applications	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
discussions	O
with	O
Microsoft	O
,	O
IBM	O
decided	O
to	O
use	O
86-DOS	B-Operating_System
(	O
QDOS	B-Operating_System
)	O
,	O
a	O
CP/M	B-Application
-like	I-Application
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
that	O
Microsoft	O
bought	O
from	O
Seattle	O
Computer	O
Products	O
renaming	O
it	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
learning	O
about	O
the	O
deal	O
,	O
Digital	O
Research	O
founder	O
Gary	O
Kildall	O
threatened	O
to	O
sue	O
IBM	O
for	O
infringing	O
DRI	O
's	O
intellectual	O
property	O
,	O
and	O
IBM	O
agreed	O
to	O
offer	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
on	O
the	O
PC	O
to	O
settle	O
the	O
claim	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
of	O
the	O
BIOS	B-Operating_System
drivers	O
for	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
for	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
were	O
written	O
by	O
Andy	O
Johnson-Laird	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
was	O
announced	O
on	O
12	O
August	O
1981	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
machines	O
began	O
shipping	O
in	O
October	O
the	O
same	O
year	O
,	O
ahead	O
of	O
schedule	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
three	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
available	O
from	O
IBM	O
,	O
with	O
PCDOS	O
and	O
UCSD	B-Language
p-System	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
Research	O
's	O
adaptation	O
of	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
for	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
was	O
released	O
six	O
months	O
after	O
PCDOS	O
in	O
spring	O
1982	O
,	O
and	O
porting	O
applications	O
from	O
CP/M	B-Application
-80	I-Application
to	O
either	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
was	O
about	O
equally	O
difficult	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
1981	O
,	O
Digital	O
Research	O
also	O
released	O
a	O
version	O
for	O
the	O
proprietary	B-Application
IBM	B-Protocol
Displaywriter	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
some	O
dual-processor	B-Operating_System
8-bit/16	O
-bit	O
computers	O
special	O
versions	O
of	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
could	O
natively	O
run	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
and	O
CP/M	B-Application
-80	I-Application
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
version	O
for	O
the	O
DEC	B-Device
Rainbow	I-Device
was	O
named	O
CP/M-86/80	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
version	O
for	O
the	O
was	O
named	O
CP/M8	O
-16	O
(	O
see	O
also	O
:	O
MP/M	O
8-16	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
version	O
of	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
for	O
the	O
8085/8088	O
-based	O
Zenith	B-Device
Z-100	I-Device
supported	O
running	O
programs	O
for	O
both	O
processors	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
PC	O
clones	O
came	O
about	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
licensed	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
to	O
other	O
companies	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Experts	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
two	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
were	O
technically	O
comparable	O
,	O
with	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
having	O
better	O
memory	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
but	O
DOS	O
being	O
faster	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
BYTE	O
speculated	O
that	O
Microsoft	O
reserving	O
multitasking	B-Operating_System
for	O
Xenix	B-Application
"	O
appears	O
to	O
leave	O
a	O
big	O
opening	O
"	O
for	O
Concurrent	B-Operating_System
CP/M	I-Operating_System
-86	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
,	O
however	O
,	O
at	O
per	O
copy	O
for	O
IBM	O
's	O
version	O
,	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
sold	O
poorly	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
PCDOS	O
;	O
one	O
survey	O
found	O
that	O
96.3	O
%	O
of	O
IBM	B-Device
PCs	I-Device
were	O
ordered	O
with	O
DOS	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
3.4	O
%	O
with	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
or	O
Concurrent	B-Operating_System
CP/M	I-Operating_System
-86	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
mid-1982	O
Lifeboat	O
Associates	O
,	O
perhaps	O
the	O
largest	O
CP/M	B-Application
software	O
vendor	O
,	O
announced	O
its	O
support	O
for	O
DOS	O
over	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
on	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
BYTE	O
warned	O
that	O
IBM	O
,	O
Microsoft	O
,	O
and	O
Lifeboat	O
's	O
support	O
for	O
DOS	O
"	O
poses	O
a	O
serious	O
threat	O
to	O
"	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
,	O
and	O
Jerry	O
Pournelle	O
stated	O
in	O
the	O
magazine	O
that	O
"	O
it	O
is	O
clear	O
that	O
Digital	O
Research	O
made	O
some	O
terrible	O
mistakes	O
in	O
the	O
marketing	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
early	O
1983	O
DRI	O
began	O
selling	O
CP/M	B-Application
-861.1	O
to	O
end	O
users	O
for	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Advertisements	O
called	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
a	O
"	O
terrific	O
value	O
"	O
,	O
with	O
"	O
instant	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
largest	O
collection	O
of	O
applications	O
software	O
in	O
existence	O
…	O
hundreds	O
of	O
proven	O
,	O
professional	O
software	B-Application
programs	I-Application
for	O
every	O
business	O
and	O
education	O
need	O
"	O
;	O
it	O
also	O
included	O
Graphics	B-Application
System	I-Application
Extension	I-Application
(	O
GSX	O
)	O
,	O
formerly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
stated	O
that	O
"	O
obviously	O
,	O
PCDOS	O
has	O
made	O
great	O
market	O
penetration	O
on	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
;	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
admit	O
that	O
"	O
,	O
but	O
claimed	O
that	O
"	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
has	O
not	O
done	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
DRI	O
had	O
hoped	O
has	O
nothing	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
our	O
decision	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
early	O
1984	O
DRI	O
gave	O
free	O
copies	O
of	O
Concurrent	B-Operating_System
CP/M	I-Operating_System
-86	I-Operating_System
to	O
those	O
who	O
purchased	O
two	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
applications	O
as	O
a	O
limited	O
time	O
offer	O
,	O
and	O
advertisements	O
stated	O
that	O
the	O
applications	O
were	O
booters	O
,	O
which	O
did	O
not	O
require	O
loading	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
first	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
1984	O
,	O
DRI	O
also	O
announced	O
Kanji	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
,	O
a	O
Japanese	O
version	O
of	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
,	O
for	O
nine	O
Japanese	O
companies	O
including	O
Mitsubishi	O
Electric	O
Corporation	O
,	O
Sanyo	O
Electric	O
Co	O
.	O
Ltd.	O
,	O
Sord	O
Computer	O
Corp	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
1984	O
Fujitsu	O
announced	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
FM-16-based	O
machines	O
using	O
Kanji	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
and	O
DOS	O
had	O
very	O
similar	O
functionality	O
,	O
but	O
were	O
not	O
compatible	O
because	O
the	O
system	B-Operating_System
calls	I-Operating_System
for	O
the	O
same	O
functions	O
and	O
program	B-Application
file	I-Application
formats	O
were	O
different	O
,	O
so	O
two	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
software	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
produced	O
and	O
marketed	O
to	O
run	O
under	O
both	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
command	O
interface	O
again	O
had	O
similar	O
functionality	O
but	O
different	O
syntax	O
;	O
where	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
(	O
and	O
CP/M	B-Application
)	O
copied	O
file	O
SOURCE	O
to	O
TARGET	O
with	O
the	O
command	O
PIP	B-Application
TARGET	O
=	O
SOURCE	O
,	O
DOS	O
used	O
COPY	O
SOURCE	O
TARGET	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
and	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
also	O
ran	O
on	O
computers	O
not	O
necessarily	O
hardware-compatible	O
with	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
such	O
as	O
the	O
Apricot	O
and	O
Sirius	O
,	O
the	O
intention	O
being	O
that	O
software	O
would	O
be	O
independent	O
of	O
hardware	O
by	O
making	O
standardised	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
calls	O
to	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
custom	O
tailored	O
to	O
the	O
particular	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
writers	O
of	O
software	O
which	O
required	O
fast	O
performance	O
accessed	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
hardware	O
directly	O
instead	O
of	O
going	O
through	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
PC-specific	O
software	O
which	O
performed	O
better	O
than	O
other	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
and	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
versions	O
;	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
games	O
would	O
display	O
fast	O
by	O
writing	O
to	O
video	O
memory	O
directly	O
instead	O
of	O
suffering	O
the	O
delay	O
of	O
making	O
a	O
call	O
to	O
the	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
which	O
would	O
then	O
write	O
to	O
a	O
hardware-dependent	O
memory	O
location	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
consequence	O
of	O
the	O
universal	O
adoption	O
of	O
detailed	O
PC	O
architecture	O
was	O
that	O
no	O
more	O
than	O
640	O
kilobytes	O
of	O
memory	O
were	O
supported	O
;	O
early	O
machines	O
running	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
and	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
did	O
not	O
suffer	O
from	O
this	O
restriction	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
could	O
make	O
use	O
of	O
nearly	O
one	O
megabyte	O
of	O
RAM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PC	O
Magazine	O
wrote	O
that	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
"	O
in	O
several	O
ways	O
seems	O
better	O
fitted	O
to	O
the	O
PC	O
"	O
than	O
DOS	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
for	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
plan	O
to	O
program	O
in	O
assembly	O
language	O
,	O
because	O
it	O
cost	O
six	O
times	O
more	O
"	O
CP/M	B-Application
seems	O
a	O
less	O
compelling	O
purchase	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
stated	O
that	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
was	O
strong	O
in	O
areas	O
where	O
DOS	O
was	O
weak	O
,	O
and	O
vice	O
versa	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
application	O
support	O
for	O
each	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
would	O
be	O
most	O
important	O
,	O
although	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
'	O
s	O
lack	O
of	O
a	O
run-time	O
version	O
for	O
applications	O
was	O
a	O
weakness	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
given	O
version	O
of	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
has	O
two	O
version	O
numbers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
applies	O
to	O
the	O
whole	O
system	O
and	O
is	O
usually	O
displayed	O
at	O
startup	O
;	O
the	O
other	O
applies	O
to	O
the	O
BDOS	B-Operating_System
kernel	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
OS	O
BDOS	B-Operating_System
Date	O
Notes	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
1.0	O
for	O
AST	O
2.2	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
1.0	O
for	O
the	O
Altos	O
ACS	O
16000/8600	O
2.2	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
November	O
1981	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
Version	O
1.1	O
for	O
IBM	B-Protocol
Displaywriter	I-Protocol
2.2	O
November	O
1981	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
1.0	O
for	O
the	O
Sirius	O
1/Victor	O
9000	O
2.2a	O
1981/1982	O
CompuView	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
2.x	O
?	O
</s>
<s>
1982	O
196	O
KB	O
disk	O
capacity	O
,	O
compatible	O
with	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
hardware	O
IBM	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
for	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
Personal	I-Device
Computer	I-Device
Version	O
1.0	O
2.2	O
1982-04-05	O
Initial	O
release	O
for	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
PC	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
IBM	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
for	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
Personal	I-Device
Computer	I-Device
Version	O
1.1	O
2.2	O
March	O
1983	O
Hard	O
drive	O
support	O
was	O
added	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
Plus	O
Version	O
3.1	O
3.1	O
October	O
1983	O
Released	O
for	O
the	O
Apricot	O
PC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Based	O
on	O
the	O
multitasking	B-Operating_System
Concurrent	B-Operating_System
CP/M	I-Operating_System
-86	I-Operating_System
kernel	B-Operating_System
,	O
it	O
could	O
run	O
up	O
to	O
four	O
tasks	O
at	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Personal	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
Version	O
1.0	O
3.1	O
November	O
1983	O
Released	O
for	O
the	O
Siemens	O
PG685	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Personal	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
Version	O
3.1	O
3.3	O
January	O
1985	O
A	O
version	O
for	O
the	O
Apricot	O
F-Series	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
version	O
gained	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
use	O
FAT	B-Application
formatted	O
disks	O
as	O
used	O
by	O
DOS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Personal	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
Version	O
2.0	O
4.1	O
1986	O
or	O
later	O
Released	O
for	O
the	O
Siemens	O
PC16-20	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
BDOS	B-Operating_System
used	O
in	O
DOS	B-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
1.2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Personal	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
Version	O
2.11	O
4.1	O
1986	O
or	O
later	O
Released	O
for	O
the	O
Siemens	O
PG685	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
known	O
Personal	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
versions	O
contain	O
references	O
to	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86Plus	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
derived	O
from	O
the	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86Plus	O
codebase	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
number	O
of	O
16-bit	O
CP/M	B-Application
-86	O
derivatives	O
existed	O
in	O
the	O
former	O
East-bloc	O
under	O
the	O
names	O
SCP1700	O
(	O
)	O
,	O
CP/K	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
K8918-OS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Caldera	O
permitted	O
the	O
redistribution	O
and	O
modification	O
of	O
all	O
original	O
Digital	O
Research	O
files	O
,	O
including	O
source	O
code	O
,	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
CP/M	B-Application
family	O
through	O
Tim	O
Olmstead	O
's	O
"	O
The	O
Unofficial	O
CP/M	B-Application
Web	O
site	O
"	O
since	O
1997	O
.	O
</s>
