<s>
Computational	O
Infrastructure	O
for	O
Operations	O
Research	O
(	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
)	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
project	O
that	O
aims	O
to	O
"	O
create	O
for	O
mathematical	O
software	O
what	O
the	O
open	O
literature	O
is	O
for	O
mathematical	O
theory.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
success	O
of	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
Apache	B-Application
,	O
and	O
other	O
projects	O
popularized	O
the	O
open-source	B-License
model	I-License
of	O
software	O
development	O
and	O
distribution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
group	O
at	O
IBM	O
Research	O
proposed	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
as	O
an	O
analogous	O
yet	O
viable	O
means	O
to	O
publish	O
software	O
,	O
models	O
,	O
and	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
COIN-OR	B-Application
was	O
conceived	O
as	O
an	O
initiative	O
to	O
promote	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
in	O
the	O
computational	O
operations	O
research	O
community	O
and	O
to	O
provide	O
the	O
on-line	O
resources	O
and	O
hosting	O
services	O
required	O
to	O
enable	O
others	O
to	O
run	O
their	O
own	O
open-source	B-Application
software	I-Application
projects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
website	O
was	O
launched	O
as	O
an	O
experiment	O
in	O
2000	O
,	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
17th	O
International	O
Symposium	O
on	O
Math	O
Programming	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
,	O
Georgia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2007	O
,	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
had	O
25	O
application	O
projects	O
,	O
including	O
tools	O
for	O
linear	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
CLP	O
)	O
,	O
nonlinear	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
IPOPT	B-Algorithm
)	O
,	O
integer	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
CBC	O
,	O
Bcp	O
and	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
SYMPHONY	O
)	O
,	O
algebraic	B-Application
modeling	I-Application
languages	I-Application
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
Coopr	B-Application
)	O
and	O
more	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
COIN-OR	B-Application
is	O
hosted	O
by	O
the	O
Institute	O
for	O
Operations	O
Research	O
and	O
the	O
Management	O
Sciences	O
,	O
INFORMS	O
,	O
and	O
run	O
by	O
the	O
educational	O
,	O
non-profit	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
Foundation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
COIN-OR	B-Application
LP	O
(	O
CLP	O
or	O
Clp	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
open-source	B-Application
linear	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
solver	B-Application
written	O
in	O
C++	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
published	O
under	O
the	O
Common	O
Public	O
License	O
so	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
proprietary	B-Application
software	I-Application
with	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
restrictions	O
of	O
the	O
GNU	B-License
General	I-License
Public	I-License
License	I-License
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
as	O
reliable	O
as	O
any	O
commercial	O
solver	B-Application
,	O
although	O
several	O
times	O
slower	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
tackle	O
very	O
large	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CLP	O
is	O
designed	O
to	O
solve	O
linear	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
problems	I-Algorithm
such	O
as	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
main	O
algorithm	O
is	O
the	O
simplex	B-Algorithm
algorithm	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
CLP	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
other	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
projects	O
such	O
as	O
SYMPHONY	O
,	O
Branch	O
Cut	O
and	O
Price	O
(	O
BCP	O
)	O
,	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
Branch	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
Cut	I-Algorithm
(	O
CBC	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
COIN-OR	B-Application
branch	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
cut	I-Algorithm
(	O
CBC	O
or	O
Cbc	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
open-source	B-Application
mixed	O
integer	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
solver	B-Application
written	O
in	O
C++	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
both	O
a	O
stand-alone	O
executable	O
and	O
as	O
a	O
callable	O
library	O
(	O
through	O
A	O
Mathematical	O
Programming	O
Language	O
(	O
AMPL	B-Language
)	O
[natively],	O
General	B-Application
Algebraic	I-Application
Modeling	I-Application
System	I-Application
(	O
GAMS	B-Application
)	O
[	O
using	O
the	O
links	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
Optimization	O
Services	O
(	O
OS	O
)	O
and	O
GAMSlinks	O
projects ]	O
,	O
MPL	O
[	O
through	O
the	O
CoinMP	O
project ]	O
,	O
AIMMS	B-Application
[	O
through	O
the	O
AIMMSlinks	O
project ]	O
,	O
PuLP	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
or	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
popular	O
choice	O
of	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
MIP	O
solver	B-Application
for	O
many	O
years	O
,	O
its	O
performance	O
is	O
now	O
significantly	O
inferior	O
to	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Single	O
-	O
or	O
multi-process	B-Operating_System
optimization	O
over	O
networks	O
(	O
SYMPHONY	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
open	B-License
source	I-License
branch	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
cut	I-Algorithm
framework	O
for	O
solving	O
mixed	B-Algorithm
integer	I-Algorithm
programs	I-Algorithm
(	O
MIPs	O
)	O
over	O
heterogeneous	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
use	O
CLP	O
,	O
CPLEX	B-Application
,	O
XPRESS	O
or	O
other	O
linear	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
solvers	B-Application
to	O
solve	O
the	O
underlying	O
linear	B-Algorithm
programs	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
branch	O
,	O
cut	O
and	O
price	O
algorithm	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
a	O
branch	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
bound	I-Algorithm
algorithm	I-Algorithm
but	O
additionally	O
includes	O
cutting-plane	B-Algorithm
methods	I-Algorithm
and	O
pricing	O
algorithms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
user	O
of	O
the	O
library	O
can	O
customize	O
the	O
algorithm	O
in	O
any	O
number	O
of	O
ways	O
by	O
supplying	O
application-specific	O
subroutines	O
for	O
reading	O
in	O
custom	O
data	O
files	O
,	O
generating	O
application-specific	O
cutting	B-Algorithm
planes	I-Algorithm
,	O
or	O
applying	O
custom	O
branching	O
rules	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
customized	O
branch	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
cut	I-Algorithm
algorithm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
components	O
of	O
the	O
algorithm	O
,	O
e.g.	O
,	O
search	O
tree	O
management	O
,	O
management	O
of	O
linear	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
solution	O
,	O
cut	O
pool	O
management	O
,	O
and	O
communication	O
management	O
,	O
are	O
internal	O
to	O
the	O
library	O
and	O
need	O
not	O
be	O
touched	O
by	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
executables	O
can	O
be	O
built	O
in	O
any	O
number	O
of	O
configurations	O
ranging	O
from	O
completely	O
sequential	O
to	O
fully	O
parallel	O
with	O
independently	O
functioning	O
cut	O
generators	O
,	O
cut	O
pools	O
,	O
and	O
LP	O
solvers	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
distributed	O
version	O
currently	O
runs	O
in	O
any	O
environment	O
supported	O
by	O
the	O
PVM	B-Operating_System
message	O
passing	O
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
same	O
source	O
code	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
compiled	O
for	O
shared-memory	O
architectures	O
using	O
any	O
OpenMP	B-Application
compliant	O
compiler	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SYMPHONY	O
reads	O
MPS	B-Algorithm
(	O
through	O
the	O
COIN-OR	B-Application
MPS	B-Algorithm
reader	O
)	O
and	O
GNU	B-Application
MathProg	I-Application
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SYMPHONY	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
an	O
LP-Solver	O
of	O
its	O
own	O
,	O
but	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
solvers	B-Application
like	O
Clp	O
,	O
Cplex	B-Application
,	O
Xpress	O
through	O
the	O
Osi-interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SYMPHONY	O
also	O
has	O
structure	O
specific	O
implementations	O
for	O
problems	O
like	O
the	O
traveling	B-Algorithm
salesman	I-Algorithm
problem	I-Algorithm
,	O
vehicle	B-Algorithm
routing	I-Algorithm
problem	I-Algorithm
,	O
set	O
partitioning	O
problem	O
,	O
mixed	O
postman	O
problem	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PuLP	O
is	O
an	O
LP/IP	O
modeler	O
written	O
in	O
Python	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
generate	O
MPS	B-Algorithm
or	O
LP	O
files	O
and	O
call	O
GLPK	B-Application
,	O
CLP/CBC	O
,	O
and	O
CPLEX	B-Application
,	O
to	O
solve	O
linear	B-Algorithm
problems	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
PuLP	O
is	O
the	O
default	O
optimization	O
tool	O
in	O
SolverStudio	B-Operating_System
for	O
Excel	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
SMI	O
is	O
a	O
stochastic	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
modeler	O
and	O
solver	B-Application
written	O
in	O
C++	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
read	O
Stochastic	O
MPS	B-Algorithm
and	O
offers	O
direct	O
interfaces	O
for	O
constructing	O
stochastic	O
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
generates	O
the	O
deterministic	O
equivalent	O
linear	B-Algorithm
program	I-Algorithm
,	O
solves	O
it	O
,	O
and	O
provides	O
interfaces	O
to	O
access	O
the	O
scenario	O
solutions	O
.	O
</s>
