<s>
Construction	O
Operations	O
Building	O
Information	O
Exchange	O
(	O
COBie	B-Application
)	O
is	O
a	O
United	O
States-originated	O
specification	O
relating	O
to	O
managed	O
asset	O
information	O
including	O
space	O
and	O
equipment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
closely	O
associated	O
with	O
building	B-Architecture
information	I-Architecture
modeling	I-Architecture
(	O
BIM	B-Architecture
)	O
approaches	O
to	O
design	O
,	O
construction	O
,	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
built	O
assets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
COBie	B-Application
helps	O
organisations	O
to	O
electronically	O
capture	O
and	O
record	O
important	O
project	O
data	O
at	O
the	O
point	O
of	O
origin	O
,	O
including	O
equipment	O
lists	O
,	O
product	O
data	O
sheets	O
,	O
warranties	O
,	O
spare	O
parts	O
lists	O
,	O
and	O
preventive	O
maintenance	O
schedules	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
COBie	B-Application
has	O
been	O
incorporated	O
into	O
software	O
for	O
planning	O
,	O
design	O
,	O
construction	O
,	O
commissioning	O
,	O
operations	O
,	O
maintenance	O
,	O
and	O
asset	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
COBie	B-Application
may	O
take	O
several	O
approved	O
formats	O
include	O
spreadsheet	O
,	O
STEP-Part	O
21	O
(	O
also	O
called	O
IFC	B-Application
file	O
format	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
ifcXML	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
current	O
COBie	B-Application
test	O
data	O
of	O
record	O
was	O
developed	O
by	O
an	O
international	O
team	O
of	O
designers	O
and	O
builders	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
and	O
UK	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
COBie	B-Application
was	O
developed	O
by	O
Bill	O
East	O
,	O
of	O
the	O
US	O
Army	O
Corps	O
of	O
Engineers	O
,	O
while	O
at	O
the	O
Construction	O
Engineering	O
Research	O
Laboratory	O
in	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
this	O
introduction	O
,	O
East	O
has	O
led	O
COBie	B-Application
development	O
through	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
International	O
(	O
BSI	O
;	O
formerly	O
the	O
International	O
Alliance	O
for	O
Interoperability	O
)	O
processes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
2008	O
to	O
2015	O
,	O
the	O
Construction	O
Engineering	O
Research	O
Lab	O
conducted	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
public	O
events	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
commercial	O
software	O
to	O
produce	O
and/or	O
consume	O
COBie	B-Application
data	O
(	O
in	O
associated	O
date-related	O
version	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
COBie	B-Application
data	O
flow	O
(	O
COBie	B-Application
is	O
about	O
building	O
equipment	O
only	O
)	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Over	O
90%	O
of	O
those	O
participating	O
delivered	O
information	O
in	O
the	O
COBie	B-Application
spreadsheet	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
,	O
COBie	B-Application
version	O
2.26	O
was	O
published	O
as	O
the	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
International	O
Basic	O
FM	O
Handover	O
Model	O
View	O
Model	O
Definition	O
using	O
the	O
Industry	B-Application
Foundation	I-Application
Class	I-Application
Model	O
2x3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2011	O
,	O
COBie	B-Application
2.26	O
was	O
approved	O
and	O
included	O
by	O
the	O
US	O
Chapter	O
of	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
International	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
its	O
National	O
Building	B-Architecture
Information	I-Architecture
Model	I-Architecture
(	O
NBIMS-US	O
)	O
standard	O
,	O
version	O
2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Around	O
this	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
US	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
alliance	O
was	O
de-listed	O
as	O
an	O
authorized	O
chapter	O
of	O
the	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
International	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
2013	O
,	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
was	O
working	O
on	O
a	O
lightweight	O
XML	O
format	O
for	O
COBie	B-Application
,	O
COBieLite	O
,	O
which	O
became	O
available	O
for	O
review	O
in	O
April	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2014	O
,	O
a	O
code	O
of	O
practice	O
regarding	O
COBie	B-Application
was	O
issued	O
as	O
a	O
British	O
Standard	O
:	O
"	O
BS	O
1192-4:2014	O
Collaborative	O
production	O
of	O
information	O
Part	O
4	O
:	O
Fulfilling	O
employer	O
’s	O
information	O
exchange	O
requirements	O
using	O
COBie	B-Application
–	O
Code	O
of	O
practice	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
requirement	O
is	O
a	O
one	O
line	O
reference	O
to	O
the	O
National	O
Building	B-Architecture
Information	I-Architecture
Modeling	I-Architecture
Standard	O
-	O
United	O
States	O
(	O
NBIMS-US	O
)	O
,	O
Chapter	O
4.2	O
,	O
the	O
document	O
that	O
eventually	O
published	O
COBie	B-Application
version	O
2.4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2015	O
,	O
the	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
USA	O
published	O
COBie	B-Application
version	O
2.4	O
in	O
NBIMS-US	O
,	O
Chapter	O
4.2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
COBie	B-Application
MVD	O
,	O
produced	O
under	O
contract	O
to	O
the	O
Construction	O
Engineering	O
Research	O
Lab	O
,	O
was	O
created	O
by	O
the	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
international	O
Model	O
View	O
Definition	O
support	O
group	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
IFC	B-Application
4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Annex	O
A	O
defines	O
the	O
mapping	O
from	O
the	O
EXPRESS-based	O
data	O
model	O
to	O
the	O
COBie	B-Application
spreadsheet	O
format	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Annex	O
B	O
defines	O
a	O
National	O
Information	O
Exchange	O
Model	O
(	O
NIEM	O
)	O
based	O
XML	O
schema	O
suitable	O
for	O
use	O
to	O
capture	O
transactional	O
COBie	B-Application
data	O
that	O
does	O
not	O
require	O
a	O
full	O
set	O
of	O
building	O
information	O
exchange	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
US	O
General	O
Services	O
Administration	O
required	O
COBie	B-Application
as	O
a	O
deliverable	O
in	O
their	O
capital	O
programs	O
in	O
their	O
P-100	O
document	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2019	O
,	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
international	O
formed	O
the	O
COBie	B-Application
Certification	O
Subcommittee	O
composed	O
of	O
an	O
international	O
team	O
of	O
COBie	B-Application
experts	O
(	O
from	O
US	O
,	O
UK	O
,	O
Ireland	O
,	O
China	O
and	O
Japan	O
)	O
to	O
offer	O
the	O
COBie	B-Application
Certified	O
Professional(TM )	O
examination	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
group	O
published	O
the	O
COBie	B-Application
Educational	O
Curriculum	O
and	O
began	O
offering	O
the	O
COBie	B-Application
Certified	O
Professional	O
exam	O
in	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
support	O
those	O
interested	O
in	O
sitting	O
for	O
this	O
exam	O
,	O
bSI	O
also	O
introduced	O
a	O
program	O
to	O
evaluate	O
and	O
register	O
educational	O
programs	O
whose	O
courses	O
addressed	O
the	O
content	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
COBie	B-Application
Educational	O
Curriculum	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2020	O
,	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
international	O
's	O
COBie	B-Application
Certification	O
Subcommittee	O
prepared	O
an	O
introductory	O
"	O
Foundation	O
"	O
level	O
exam	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
exam	O
covers	O
the	O
basic	O
facts	O
about	O
the	O
US	O
COBie	B-Application
specification	O
and	O
is	O
available	O
for	O
any	O
bSI	O
Chapter	O
to	O
implement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
the	O
COBie	B-Application
Certified	O
Professional(TM )	O
exam	O
,	O
bSI	O
does	O
require	O
a	O
completion	O
of	O
an	O
authorized	O
training	O
program	O
and	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
common	O
COBie	B-Application
"	O
book	O
of	O
knowledge	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
bSI	O
authorized	O
COBie	B-Application
book	O
of	O
knowledge	O
was	O
published	O
in	O
English	O
in	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
buildingSMART	B-Application
International	O
's	O
COBie	B-Application
Certification	O
Subcommittee	O
considers	O
this	O
certification	O
activities	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
transitional	O
activity	O
allowing	O
bSI	O
to	O
support	O
an	O
increasingly	O
widespread	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
US-specification	O
while	O
a	O
future	O
more	O
widely	O
acceptable	O
and	O
improved	O
ISO-based	O
replacement	O
is	O
produced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2020	O
,	O
buildingSMART	B-Application
international	O
began	O
a	O
project	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
US-specification	O
with	O
an	O
international	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
in	O
2021	O
,	O
after	O
a	O
delay	O
of	O
over	O
a	O
year	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
dispute	O
regarding	O
the	O
naming	O
rights	O
of	O
the	O
future	O
ISO	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
determined	O
that	O
bSI	O
would	O
no	O
longer	O
include	O
the	O
acronym	O
COBie	B-Application
in	O
its	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
a	O
potential	O
future	O
project	O
,	O
FM	O
Handover	O
-	O
Tunnel	O
Maintenance	O
,	O
would	O
simply	O
replace	O
the	O
IFC	B-Application
objects	O
for	O
buildings	O
with	O
those	O
that	O
describe	O
maintainable	O
items	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
Tunnel	O
"	O
domain	O
.	O
</s>
