<s>
->[{}\atop\text{Time}]	O
Page	B-General_Concept
requests	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
3	O
2	O
4	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
4	O
Newest	O
page	B-General_Concept
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
3	O
2	O
4	O
4	O
4	O
1	O
0	O
0	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
3	O
2	O
2	O
2	O
4	O
1	O
1	O
Oldest	O
page	B-General_Concept
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
3	O
3	O
3	O
2	O
4	O
4	O
->[{}\atop\text{Time}]	O
Page	B-General_Concept
requests	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
3	O
2	O
4	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
4	O
Newest	O
page	B-General_Concept
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
0	O
0	O
4	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
4	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
1	O
1	O
0	O
4	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
3	O
2	O
2	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
4	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
Oldest	O
page	B-General_Concept
3	O
3	O
3	O
2	O
1	O
0	O
4	O
3	O
2	O
An	O
example	O
of	O
Bélády	B-General_Concept
's	I-General_Concept
anomaly	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
three	O
page	B-General_Concept
frames	I-General_Concept
,	O
nine	O
page	B-General_Concept
faults	I-General_Concept
occur	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Increasing	O
to	O
four	O
page	B-General_Concept
frames	I-General_Concept
causes	O
ten	O
page	B-General_Concept
faults	I-General_Concept
to	O
occur	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Page	B-General_Concept
faults	I-General_Concept
are	O
in	O
red	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
computer	B-General_Concept
storage	I-General_Concept
,	O
Bélády	B-General_Concept
's	I-General_Concept
anomaly	I-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
phenomenon	O
in	O
which	O
increasing	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
page	B-General_Concept
frames	I-General_Concept
results	O
in	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
page	B-General_Concept
faults	I-General_Concept
for	O
certain	O
memory	O
access	O
patterns	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
phenomenon	O
is	O
commonly	O
experienced	O
when	O
using	O
the	O
first-in	B-Operating_System
first-out	I-Operating_System
(	O
FIFO	B-Operating_System
)	O
page	B-General_Concept
replacement	I-General_Concept
algorithm	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
FIFO	B-Operating_System
,	O
the	O
page	B-General_Concept
fault	I-General_Concept
may	O
or	O
may	O
not	O
increase	O
as	O
the	O
page	B-General_Concept
frames	I-General_Concept
increase	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
optimal	O
and	O
stack-based	O
algorithms	O
like	O
LRU	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
page	B-General_Concept
frames	I-General_Concept
increase	O
,	O
the	O
page	B-General_Concept
fault	I-General_Concept
decreases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
common	O
computer	O
memory	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
,	O
information	O
is	O
loaded	O
in	O
specific-sized	O
chunks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
chunk	O
is	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
a	O
page	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
requires	O
a	O
frame	O
for	O
each	O
page	B-General_Concept
it	O
can	O
load	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
page	B-General_Concept
fault	I-General_Concept
occurs	O
when	O
a	O
page	B-General_Concept
is	O
not	O
found	O
,	O
and	O
might	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
loaded	O
from	O
disk	O
into	O
memory	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
a	O
page	B-General_Concept
fault	I-General_Concept
occurs	O
and	O
all	O
frames	O
are	O
in	O
use	O
,	O
one	O
must	O
be	O
cleared	O
to	O
make	O
room	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
page	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
simple	O
algorithm	O
is	O
FIFO	B-Operating_System
:	O
whichever	O
page	B-General_Concept
has	O
been	O
in	O
the	O
frames	O
the	O
longest	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
that	O
is	O
cleared	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Until	O
Bélády	B-General_Concept
's	I-General_Concept
anomaly	I-General_Concept
was	O
demonstrated	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
believed	O
that	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
page	B-General_Concept
frames	I-General_Concept
would	O
always	O
result	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
number	O
of	O
or	O
fewer	O
page	B-General_Concept
faults	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bélády	O
,	O
Nelson	O
and	O
Shedler	O
constructed	O
reference	O
strings	O
for	O
which	O
FIFO	B-Operating_System
page	B-General_Concept
replacement	I-General_Concept
algorithm	I-General_Concept
produced	O
nearly	O
twice	O
as	O
many	O
page	B-General_Concept
faults	I-General_Concept
in	O
a	O
larger	O
memory	O
than	O
in	O
a	O
smaller	O
one	O
and	O
they	O
formulated	O
the	O
conjecture	O
that	O
2	O
is	O
a	O
general	O
bound	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2010	O
,	O
Fornai	O
and	O
Iványi	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
anomaly	O
is	O
in	O
fact	O
unbounded	O
and	O
that	O
one	O
can	O
construct	O
a	O
reference	O
string	O
to	O
any	O
arbitrary	O
page	B-General_Concept
fault	I-General_Concept
ratio	O
.	O
</s>
